GLOBALISATION

Emily capon

Definition

Globalisation is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas and other aspects of culture. Advances in transportation and telecommunications infrastructure, including the rise of the telegraph and its posterity the Internet, are major factors in globalization, generating further interdependence of economic and cultural activities. Globalisation in media context works well with synergy in the making of films and distributing them means there’s a higher chance for the film to become successful world wide however it is more than likely that the film industry will be dominated by big name brands or blockbuster films from the US, Hollywood.

Definition

GLOBALISATION refers to the way in which, in contemporary society, distant countries are inter-related and connected together by trade communication and cultural experiences. The global sales of film, TV and media products , along with the Internet bring people in developing countries into direct contact with western media products. Consider the global reach of companies such as Disney, News Corporation and Time Warner. Their products can be seen globally facilitated by satellite and the Internet. It has been argued that in an increasingly globalised world there is a danger that local cultures become eroded and replaced with a single, ‘standard’ culture. -This is known as Cultural Homegenisation

Globalisation

Hollywood films represent more than half, and sometimes more than two-thirds of total box-office receipts in major markets. Films that succeed in the US market also tend to succeed in foreign markets. This suggests that a convergence of popular taste may be coming about, though in many countries this phenomenon also occurs against a backdrop of cultural contestation. Hollywood has been a success partly because of the unmatched competitive advantages concentrated in its home base, partly because of its extensive distribution network and US government efforts to push open foreign doors. Despite its status as the preeminent world centre of the film industry, globalization is also confronting Hollywood with many new challenges. – Yale Global

Hollywood in the Era of

Globalization From the early years of the twentieth century,

right down to the present, the United States has been the world's major commercial producer of motion pictures. According to the US Economic Census, motion picture and video production in the United States as a whole generated revenues of $20.15 billion in 1997, with Hollywood alone being responsible for close to 60% of this total. The long-standing success of Hollywood can be accounted for in terms of the competitive advantages generated by its unrivalled technical and organizational capacities (in the form of a dense regional cluster of specialized but complementary producers) and its unique pool of talent drawn from many different countries (Scott, 2000). Like numerous other dynamic industries today, Hollywood is caught up in an insistent - and problematical - process of globalization. Indeed, the commercial weight and cultural impact of Hollywood films is now felt in virtually every

Globalisation

In the year 2000, the gross domestic box office receipts for motion pictures in the United States was $7.66 billion, an increase (in constant dollar terms) of 28.3% from $5.97 billion in 1986. Rental fees generated by exports of film and tape amounted to $8.85 billion in 2000 (see Table 1) as compared to $1.68 billion in 1986 - an increase of 426%. Thus not only have exports grown much more rapidly than domestic markets over the last fifteen years or so, but they now also exceed domestic box-office receipts by a considerable margin. By far the main importers of Hollywood products are European countries. The United Kingdom, Germany, and the Netherlands alone account for 35% of all rental exports from the United States. Japan and Canada, too, are major importers, as are Australia, Brazil and the Republic of Korea

Negative aspects

There is no doubt that the USA (and to a lesser

degree the UK) export a large amount of film and

television programming; however many critics of

cultural questions whether this really does have a

homogenising effect in other countries. India, Nigeria

and Japan to name a few all have thriving movie

industries of their own. Other critics also point out that

audiences are not just passive observers and they

are capable of making their own judgements and

attaching their own meaning to media texts (You

should be familiar with this as ‘Reception Theory’).

Audience responses to globalised media are highly

differentiated depending on which country they are