Globalisation & Architecture INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Moscow 17 Oct 2010 Architecture:...
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Transcript of Globalisation & Architecture INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS Moscow 17 Oct 2010 Architecture:...
Globalisation & Architecture
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
Moscow 17 Oct 2010
Architecture:“rethinking sustainability”
Gaëtan Siew UIA Imm P President
The World : Three attitudes
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
Sustainable development?
Why ? Why?•Awareness•Economic reasons•Survival
The World : Three attitudes
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
COP 15
Awareness
5,7
°C
Impo
ssib
le
Copenhagen, Denmark300 000 people 4°
C D
iver
genc
e
3°C
Sat
u qu
o. T
oo a
mbi
tous
2°C
Cou
ld b
e be
tter
.
1°C
Pos
sibl
e
The World : Three attitudes
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
N Stern reportN Stern report•It’s not too late•Climate change has serious impacts over growth & development•Stabilising costs are manageable•Delay can be more costly and dangerous•Action must be global – from all countries
Bonaire, Netherland Antilles
Economic reasonsKYOTOKYOTO•Right to emit•Joint implementation•Clean development mechanism
1 Hectare of coral reef=
•80 000 to 1 million US$/year revenue in leisure and tourism
=•25 000 to 34 000 US$ for protection
The World : Three attitudes
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
Climate refugeesBangladesh
Survival
•2010 25 m•2050 250 m
NIMBY?• N ot• I n• M y• B ack• Y ard
China•30% of health costs from environmental diseases
The World : Contrasting Territories
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
The world•2007 : > 50% urban population•Monster or sustainable cities ?
Sao Paulo, Brazil
An Urban World
Population m•Tokyo 35.2•Mexico 19.2•New York 18.7•Sao Paulo 18.3•Bombay 18.2•Delhi 15.0•Shanghai 14.5•Calcutta 14.3•Jakarta 13.2•Buenos Aires 12.5
GUP b €•Tokyo 1 191 •New York 1 133•Los Angeles 639•Paris 460•Chicago 460•Londres 452•Osaka-Kobe 341•Mexico 315•Philadelphia 312•Washington 299
The World : Contrasting Territories
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
•3 % The world Population – 2005•2020 : 15% of EU population from Africa•Delocalisation v/s immigration
Nomades , Mali
A Mobile World
The World : Contrasting Territories
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
•2,8 billions poor in 2008•Inequalities•North- South
Jodhpur, India
Rich / Poor
The World : Contrasting Territories
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
Young / OldGlobal illnesses •90 % of 15-25 y old
in developing countriesin 2025
•Young and poor•Old and rich•India: 140 m old and poor•North : Diabetes – Heart•South: Aids - Malaria
ChattingHangzhou
ChattingNew York
The World : Contrasting Territories
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
•Tertiary Education•Competing cities•Braindrain
KnowledgeCompetition
The World : Contrasting Territories
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
•6,5 billions population•5,2 billions mobiles•4,5 billions radios•3,5 billions tv•1,6 billion computers•0,5 billion facebook
Digital Fracture
World Regionalisation
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
Refuge Blocks: Sovereignty – Free Trade
DiversityRegionalisation
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
Emerging nations•BRIC•2008 : FDI 65 000 billions US$
MultinationalsWorld FinanceCivil SocietyNGOs
Global Players : Networks Power
Global Entreprises•Exxon – BP – Toyota - Nokia•Vectors of norms
Global Players : Networks Power
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
•Identity v/s Globalisation•Territories•Fusion•Transnational
Integrate diversityReligion politics
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
•6700 Languages in the world•Universality of essential values•Diversity of cultural expressions
Individual and Culture
Global Players : Networks Power
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
•2008 :World Heritage and Sites•Cultural Exception – UNESCO v/s WTO
Machu Pichu, Peru
Individual and Culture
Global Players : Networks Power
The past is not a monument but an art of living
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
Sensitivity and Representation•2008: 3187 au UN - ECOSOC
Plural NGOs
Global Players : Networks Power
Sensitivity and Representation•OXFAM : 120 countries – 3000 partners•Greenpeace: 2,9 m members•WWF: 97 countries – 4,7 m members•Amnesty Int’l : 150 countries – 2,2 members•UIA: 125 countries – 1,5 m architects
Fez , Morocco
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
Real time information•CNN – Al Jazeera – France 24 ?
Valencia, Spain
Technology powerGlobal Medias
Global Players : Networks Power
Our Future: Global Governance and Civil Societies
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
•2007: 923 millions hungry•Obesity and Famine
Produce and/or Eat
Nations buying land overseas especially for agriculture•Saudi Arabia in Tchad•S Korea in Ethiopia
Our Future: Global Governance and Civil Societies
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
•Fossil energy dependency•Energy use
•Transport almost solely dependent on petrol (air and sea)•Consumption stabilised in Europe and Japan•Still increasing in USA, India and Brazil•Exploded in China
Renewable energies
Our Future: Global Governance and Civil Societies
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
•Access to water and desalination•1,5 b – No access to potable water•9 countries = 60 % water world reserve
Environment Degradation
Our Future: Global Governance and Civil Societies
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
•Carbon emissions•Kyoto Protocol
Climate Challenges
CO2 Emissions tons/person•Qatar 48.3•Bahrein 27.0•Emirates 25.9•Koweit 25.7•Luxembourg 23.6
Our Future: Global Governance and Civil Societies
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
•WTO : 2008 - 153 member states•USA + EU = 40% of World Trade
World Trade Regulation
Fair Trade?
Our Future: Global Governance and Civil Societies
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
United Nations•Global issues – Global solutions•Protection of Collective Assets
United Nations
World Governance
New political vision
to embrace all aspects of the profession
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ARCHITECTS
Future Lessons
•Work•Science & Technology•Culture•Environment
•When wealth and world assets are shared•Forced or natural•Depending on our desire of solidarity
Stability – Water finds its own level
Globalisation/Crisis = Danger + Opportunity 危 机
•Reconcile•Unite•Adopt•Tame•Pacify
are signs and acts of civilisation
Learning to live together.
•Reconcile•Unite•Adopt•Tame•Pacify
are signs and acts of civilisation
Learning to live together.