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![Page 1: Global Response Force Outload Decision Support Tool UNCLASSIFIED1 Zachary Horowitz, Tyler Maeker, Marissa Malta, and Thomas Schafer Advisor: Major David.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649e3f5503460f94b30892/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Global Response Force Outload Decision Support Tool
UNCLASSIFIED 1
Zachary Horowitz, Tyler Maeker, Marissa Malta, and Thomas SchaferAdvisor: Major David Beskow
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Problem Definition
Develop an Out-load Decision Support Tool (ODST) that builds/adjusts the Vehicle List (PVL) and optimizes vehicle
to various types of aircraft.
Priority
assignment
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Agenda
• Introduction• Prioritization• Assignment• Range• Visualization• Implementation• Questions
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UNCLASSIFIED 4
Introduction GRF
N-hour N-hour +18
A lot has to happen here
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UNCLASSIFIED 5
Introduction to Our Problem
N-hour +3
N-hour +18
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Functional Hierarchy
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Prioritization
Prioritization– Multi–Objective Decision Analysis (MODA): Creating a value model
that takes multiple criterion into account and weighs their importance based on stakeholder’s needs to give each vehicle a value which can in turn be used to rank them.
– We explored using War Fighting Functions, Echelon, and Company Level Units as criteria for a value function
UNCLASSIFIED 7
)()(1
xvw ii
n
ii
xv
Which of these is more Important
for a given mission?
Did Not Adequately approximate commander’s
prioritization
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UNCLASSIFIED 8
• The ODST allows prioritization by capability rather than vehicle
• This allows for the commander to have greater flexibility when various missions arise
Prioritization as Implemented
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UNCLASSIFIED 9
How do we optimally assign
vehicles to Aircraft???
Linear Programming
Heuristic Algorithmor
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UNCLASSIFIED 10
Linear Programming
Aa Vv
vavAa
aAa Vv
avav feetvehXfeetavailprefpvlX ...min
(4) }1 ,0{
(3) . .
(2) . .
(1) 1 subject to
av
Vvavav
Aaavav
Aaav
X
AaweightavailweightvehX
AafeetavailfeetvehX
VvX
Vehicles Available ofSet
Aircraft Available ofSet
:Sets
Vv
A a
aapvl.pref
vveh.weight
vveh.feet
ahtavail.weig
aavail.feet
av
v
v
a
a
Aircraft to Vehiclefor Preference PVL
Vehicle of Weight
Vehiclefor Platform ofLength
Aircraft for Weight Available
Aircraft for Feet Linear Available
:Data
avX av Aircraft to Vehicle of AssignmentBinary
:VariableDecision
Formulation:
Minimize Empty SpaceMinimize
Deviations from
Priority List
Implemented in Excel using OpenSolver http://opensolver.org/
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UNCLASSIFIED 11
Heuristic Algorithm
• Heuristic Algorithm is an intuitive approach created to logically and simply solve a complex problem.
• Begin by assigning prioritized vehicles to aircraft. If a vehicle doesn’t fit, check each previous aircraft available space before moving to a new one.
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UNCLASSIFIED 12
Comparison of Assignment Methods
Heuristic Algorithm
Optimization Tool
Number of AC 26 26
Empty space 48 ft 48 ft
Sum of Deviations from PVL
34 486
• Comparison showing performance example when assigning 26 aircraft.
• Empty space measure shows that both methods perform at the same level.
• The heuristic does much better in comparison to the linear programming method as the alterations from the commander’s PVL are significantly less. Deviation of 2
1 2 3 4
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UNCLASSIFIED 13
ODST Outputs
•This graphic provides a visualization of combat build by warfighting function.
•The independent variable is flight numbers, and the dependent variable is cumulative vehicles by warfighting function.
•This graphic allows commanders to visualize the total number of vehicles by category available at various times during the mission, stimulating re-prioritization if the mix of vehicles is not appropriate for a given time frame.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 240
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Cumulative Combat Power Build by WFF
Protection Intel Fires Mission Command Sustain Movement and Maneuver
Chalk Number
Num
ber o
f Veh
icles
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Range Calculations
•We collected data from the Institute for Defense Analyses for aircraft range as a function of payload for C17 and C130 aircraft
•Used a polynomial fitting function to represent the relationship for both
•Implemented this in the tool to using the assigned payloads to calculate range of mission aircraft
0 10000 20000 30000 40000 500000
5001000150020002500300035004000
Lockheed C-130 Hercules
Pa
ylo
ad
(s
ho
rt t
on
s)
Range (Nautical miles)
0 50000 100000 150000 2000000
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
Boeing C-17 Globemaster
Range (Nautical Miles)
Payl
oad
(sho
rt to
ns)
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Demo
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The 2nd Brigade Combat Team will test and evaluate the ODST as they prepare to take over responsibilities of the GRF. The 2nd BCT is the first brigade of the 82nd Airborne Division to transition to the new “Brigade Combat Team 2020.”
UNCLASSIFIED 16
Implementation and Way Ahead
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Problem: Prioritization and Assignment currently take weeks to manually
produce and are inflexible when complete
Solution: With ODST this prioritization is
accomplished in hours and is flexible enough to adapt to multiple
mission profiles
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Questions?
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References
Clarke, Richard D. "Global Response Force in the Ranger Regiment." Personal interview. 12 Nov. 2013.
Department of the Army. Response Standing Operation Procedures. Ft Bragg, 2013.Dyer, James S. "Remarks on the analytic hierarchy process." Management science 36.3 (1990): 249-258.Firesmith, Donald. "Prioritizing Requirements." Journal of Object Technology 3.8 (2004): 35-48.Greene, Christopher. "Global Response Force in the Ranger Regiment." Personal interview. 09
Oct. 2013.Karlsson, Joachim, and Kevin Ryan. "A cost-value approach for prioritizing requirements." Software, IEEE 14.5
(1997): 67-74.Karlsson, Joachim, Claes Wohlin, and Björn Regnell. "An evaluation of methods for prioritizing software
requirements." Information and Software Technology 39.14 (1998): 939-947.Parnell, Gregory S., Patrick J. Driscoll, and Dale L. Henderson. Decision Making in Systems
Engineering and Management. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2011. Print.Powell, Stephen G., and Kenneth R. Baker. Management Science. Danvers, MA: John Wiley &
Sons, 2010. Print.Y. K., Kevin. “A Multicriteria Optimization Approach to Aircraft Loading”. Operations
Research 40(6): 1200-1201. Zahedi, Fatemeh. "The analytic hierarchy process—a survey of the method and its applications." interfaces 16.4
(1986): 96-108.
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Backup Slides
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