“GLOBAL HEALTH CRISES CAUSED BY THE COLLISION OF BIOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL EVOLUTION: PRE-NATAL INFLUENCES

ON ACUTE AND CHRONIC DISEASES LATER IN LIFE”

Prof. James E. TroskoDepartment of Pediatrics/Human

DevelopmentCollege of Human Medicine

&

Prof. Reza Nassiri Institute International Health

College of Osteopathic Medicine

Michigan State UniversityEast Lansing, Michigan 48824

E-mail: james.trosko@ht.msu.edu

THE GLOBAL HEALTH PROBLEM• Currently there are 7 Billion people on Earth. By the end of this Century, Earth will have 3

billion more babies.

• Earth’s physical environment (water, air, Global Warming) is being Irreversibly altered.

• Earth’s Bio-ecosystem, as it relates to human food supply, is stressed (Crop failures,new microbial invasions,etc.).

• Human biological adaptive genome, acquired slowly over millions of years by biological evolution, is becoming stressed by the laser-speed changes in our cultural evolution, by the food/diets that are changing. This includes changes in the human gut microbiome.

• Currently, the limited health care resources, devoted towards the Global Health Crisis, is via “crisis medicine” [dealing with the Metabolic Diseases, e.g., diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, dementia, which are, in large part, caused by bad diets/nutrition] are insufficient to meet the needs of these adult chronic diseases.

One Planet-One Health

1. “Feast or Famine” style of eating

2. Eat within walking distance.

3. Eat only during the day

4. Seasonally-available foods

5. Grains, nuts, fruits, water- associated animals ( omega-3- fatty acid-rich foods).

6. Ate these foods without grilling.

7. Low caloric intake

1. Caloric Unrestricted.

2. Foods are processed

3. Foods are found year-round

4. Eat 24 hours a day.

5. Red meat/ grilled or fried

6. Use of dietary supplements

EARLY HUMAN DIET MODERN WESTERN DIET

Potential Partial Solution to these Problems

Since many of these acute and chronic human disease are influenced

during normal human development during in uterine exposures,

prevention of harmful factors during the pregnancy of these 3 Billion new

babies would seem to be both moral and scientifically achievable goals.

Education of new parents of healthy diets during pregnancy and neonatal

development should be a moral and political global challenge,

recognizing enormous cultural , economic , political and

scientific/technological barriers. A shift in how the distribution of limited

health care resources are to be spent on “crisis” versus “preventive”

Medicine will take courage.

This goal is based on the scientific basis of the Barker Hypothesis.

THE BARKER HYPOTHESISTHE BARKER HYPOTHESIS

Prenatal exposures can influence the

risks to diseases later in life

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE STARTS HERE

PREVENTIVE MEDICINE STARTS HERE

BARKER HYPOTHESIS Few Examples• Maternal obesity increases risks to offspring

obesity, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, kidney size, lung function, polycystic ovaries and cancers.

• Diethylstilbestrol (DES)- induction of human vaginal cancers

• Bis-Phenol A induction coat color & obesity in rats

• Soy product reduction of breasts, breast cancer and induction of osteoporesis. Facts of the study of the atomic bomb survivors.

• C. Lau, eta., Fetal Programming of Adult Diseases .Obstetrics & Gynecology 117: 978-985, 2011

David Parker: Fetal Experience Affects Chronic Diseases later in Life

C.M. Powers, Tox Sci 134: 225-242, 2013

BARKER HYPOTHESIS: IN UTERO EXPOSURES & RISKS TO DISEASES LATER IN LIFE

BREAST CANCER NEWSBREAST CANCER NEWS

• Genistein & Bowman-Birk Inhibitor as Bioactive Components of Soy Products

Hsieh CY,& Chang, C.C. “Stem Cell Differentiation and Reduction as a Potential Mechanism for Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer. Clin Pharm J. 51: 15-30, 1999. [ and inducer of osteoporoses]

Panel A. Solvent control; Panel B Cholera Toxin-Positive Control; Panel C. Genistein (10-7 M); and Panel D. Vitamin D3. 12 days after treatment.

Induction of Differentiation of Human Adult Breast Stem Cells

THE TROSKO HYPOTHESISTHE TROSKO HYPOTHESIS

Alteration of organ-specific stem cells by environmental pollutants, stress, nutrition, and

drugs can modify the risk to stem cell-based diseases later in life

Global Incidence of Colon Cancer

GLOBAL DIET & DISEASEGLOBAL DIET & DISEASE

Control E2 TCDD BPA

Non

-M

M1M

10

Size of spheres

NC : Negative controlE2 : 10nM estrogenTCDD : 100nMBPA : 10uMM1 : Metformin 1mMM10 : Metformin 10mM

BREAST TUMOR PROMOTERSB

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PR

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USE OF HUMAN ADULT BREAST CANCER STEM CELLS in 3-D CULTURES to SCREEN FOR TUMOR PROMOTERS & CHEMOPREVENTIVE AGENTS

“When diet is wrong, medicine is of no use. When diet is correct, medicine is of no

need”

Ancient Ayurvedic Proverb

THANK YOUTHANK YOU