Global Conference on Oceans, Coasts, and Islands · PDF file(Revised November 10, 2003) Global...

(Revised November 10, 2003)

Global Conferenceon Oceans, Coasts, and Islands

Mobilizing for Implementation of theCommitments Made at the 2002

World Summit on Sustainable Development

PROGRAM

November 12-14, 2003, UNESCO, ParisPre-Conference Meetings, November 10-11, 2003

Organized by the Global Forum on Oceans, Coasts, and Islands

CONFERENCE PATRONS

Conference Financial Support

• Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO

• Gerard J. Mangone Center for Marine Policy, University of Delaware

• United Nations Environment Programme, GPA Coordination Office

• International Program Office, National Ocean Service, U.S. National Oceanic and AtmosphericAdministration

• Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada

COLLABORATING ORGANIZATIONS• National Oceans Office, Australia

• NAUSICAA, Centre National de la Mer, France

• The World Ocean Network

• The World Bank Institute

• Centro de Ecologia, Pesquerias y Oceanografia del Golfo de Mexico (EPOMEX)Universidad Autonoma de Campeche, Mexico

• Partnerships in Environmental Management for the Seas of East Asia (PEMSEA)

• Strategic Commission on the Oceans, Portugal

CONFERENCE SPONSORS• Institute for Ocean Policy, Ship & Ocean Foundation, Japan, supported by a grant from the Nippon

Foundation

• Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)

• Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, Canada*

• Environment and Development in Coastal Regions and in Small Islands (CSI), UNESCO

• International Ocean Institute (IOI)

The support of the following is acknowleged with much appreciation:

Conference Travel and In-kind Support has been generously provided by the following:

Acquario de Genova; Acuario Nacional y Comite Oceanografico Nacional, Cuba; Advisory Committee on Protection of the Sea;AMCROPS; Cardiff University; Commission of the Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-EastAtlantic; Dalhousie University; Department of Ocean Development, India; English Nature; Environmental Protection Agency; GlobalCoral Reef Monitoring Network; Global Environment Facility; Global Islands Network; Global Ocean Observing System; Governmentof Portugal; International Institute for Sustainable Development; International Coral Reef Action Network; International Union forConservation of Nature; Lukoil Ltd-Lower Volga Oil Company; Marine Aquarium Council; Ministry of Ecology and SustainableDevelopment, France; Ministry for the Environment, Iceland; Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Iceland; Ministry of Environment, Italy;Ministry of Environment, Natural Resources and Wildlife, Kenya; Musee Oceanographique de Monaco; National EnvironmentManagement Council, Tanzania; Nature Seychelles; Nausicaa; NEPAD, Kenya; Oceana; OECD Development Co-Operation Directorate,France; Palau Conservation Society; Ramsar Convention Bureau; Reef Check; Reef Museum; Sea Grant College Program; Ship & OceanFoundation; SOPAC; South Street Seaport Museum; State Oceanic Administration, China; Swedish International Development Agency;The Nature Conservancy; Two Oceans Aquarium; U.S. Department of State; Unilever-Frozen Foods Europe; United Nations Divisionof Ocean Affairs and Law of the Sea; United Nations Environment Programme; United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization;United Nations Industrial Development Organization; University of Rhode Island; University of Thessaly; University of West Indies;Wildlife Conservation Society; WMO/IOC Commission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology (JCOMM); World Bank; WorldConservation Union (IUCN); World Forum of Fish Handlers and Fish Workers; World Maritime University; World Ocean Network;World Tourism Organization; World Wildlife Fund, United Kingdom; WWF International.

*The organizers greatly appreciate the contribution of the Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, Government of Canada,which was inadvertently omitted from the Proceedings Volume.

TABLE OF CONTENTS• About the Conference

Background 1Purposes of the Global Conference 2Conference Structure 2Conference Outputs 3Conference Co-Chairs 3Conference Secretariat 3Conference Coverage 3

• Global Conference Schedule(November 12-14, 2003)

Day 1. Wednesday, November 12,2003

Conference Opening and Introduction 4

Session 1.Problems and Opportunities in theImplementation of WSSD Commitments:Ministerial Perspectives 4

Session 2.Implementation of WSSD Commitmentsat the Regional Level 4

Special Addresses 5

Session 3.Small Island Developing States:The Issues in Mauritius 2004 5

Day 2. Thursday, November 13, 2003

Special Address 6

Session 4.NGO and Foundation Perspectiveson WSSD Implementation 6

Session 5.Roundtable Discussion on Challengesand Opportunities in Meeting the WSSDSubstantive Objectives on Oceans,Coasts, and Small Island Developing States 6

Day 3. Friday, November 14, 2003

Session 6.Targeting Development Assistanceto Meet WSSD Goals 8

Session 7.Private Sector Perspectives on WSSDImplementation and on the GlobalOceans Agenda 8

Session 8.Options for a Global Oceans Fund 8

Session 9.Generating and Maintaining PublicSupport for Oceans, Coasts, and Islands 9

Session 10.Evolving Issues 9

Session 11.Bringing It All Together. 9

• Pre-Conference Schedule (November 10-11, 2003)

Implementation of WSSDInformal Partnership Initiatives 10

Capacity Building 10

Film Showing on BiodiversityConservation 11

Publication Launch and Discussionon Wise Practices for Copingwith Beach Erosion in Small Islands 11

Coral Reef Management Issues 12

Integrated Coastal Management 13

National Ocean Policies 13

Public Information, Education and Awareness 14

Small Islands and Mauritius 2004 15

Coastal Zone Africa Forum 15

Large Marine Ecosystems 16

Appendix: Johannesburg Plan of Implementation 17

Global Conference on Oceans, Coasts, and Islands

• 1 •

Background

The World Summit on Sustainable Development(WSSD), which took place in Johannesburg, SouthAfrica from August 26 to September 4, 2002, broughttogether 21,340 participants from 191 governments,intergovernmental organizations, nongovernmentalorganizations, industry, and academia, including manyheads of state and other high level officials.

Oceans, coasts, and islands were not initially on theWSSD agenda, which emphasized issues concerningwater and sanitation, energy, health, agriculture, andbiodiversity. However, thanks to the mobilization ofinterested governments, nongovernmentalorganizations, and UN agencies early in the WSSDpreparatory process, advances in oceans, coasts, andislands represent one of the most important outcomesof the World Summit.

Government delegates negotiated and agreed on anaction plan for oceans, coasts, and islands, with quitespecific targets and timetables for action—see summaryin Table 1. Major examples include applying theecosystem approach to marine areas by 2010 andestablishing networks of marine protected areas by 2012.Important targets were also established on issues relatedto small island developing states (e.g., developingcommunity-based initiatives in sustainable tourism by2004); on fisheries issues (e.g., managing fisherycapacity by 2005 and controlling illegal fishing by2004), and in other ocean-related areas as well. Thetargets and timetables found in the WSSD Plan ofImplementation represent an important advance becausethey have enshrined, as global imperatives by the world’spolitical leaders, many of the goals previously positedby expert groups and specialized agencies. There isnow a global consensus reached at the highest politicallevels that there is an urgent need to take specific actionto achieve sustainability of oceans, coasts, and of smallisland developing States.

The WSSD targets and timetables, however, are not“self-implementing.” Instead, governments around theworld will need much assistance and support from allparts of the oceans, coasts, and islands community—tooperationalize what needs to be done, to mobilize therequisite knowledge and financial resources, and tomaintain the high-level political support essential toachieve the sorely needed “on-the-ground”improvements in the health and condition of marineecosystems and in the well-being of coastalcommunities.

Table 1. Major Targets and Timetables Adopted at theWorld Summit on Sustainable Development onOceans, Coasts, and IslandsIntegrated ocean and coastal management– Encourage the application of the ecosystem approach by 2010for the sustainable development of the oceans, particularly inthe management of fisheries and the conservation of biodiversity– Establish an effective, transparent and regular inter-agency co-ordination mechanism on ocean and coastal issues within theUnited Nations system– Promote integrated coastal and ocean management at the na-tional level and encourage and assist countries in developingocean policies and mechanisms on integrated coastal manage-ment– Assist developing countries in coordinating policies and pro-grams at the regional and subregional levels aimed at conserva-tion and sustainable management of fishery resources and imple-ment integrated coastal area management plans, includingthrough the development of infrastructureFisheries– Implement the FAO International Plan of Action to Prevent,Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fish-ing by 2004– Implement the FAO International Plan of Action for the Man-agement of Fishing Capacity by 2005– Maintain or restore depleted fish stocks to levels that can pro-duce their maximum sustainable yield on an urgent basis andwhere possible no later than 2015– Eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported andunregulated fishing and to overcapacityConservation of biodiversity– Develop and facilitate the use of diverse approaches and tools,including the ecosystem approach, the elimination of destruc-tive fishing practices, the establishment of marine protected ar-eas consistent with international law and based on scientific in-formation, including representative networks by 2012Protection from marine pollution– Advance implementation of the Global Programme of Actionfor the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-basedActivities in the period 2002-2006 with a view to achieve sub-stantial progress by 2006Science and observation– Establish a regular process under the United Nations for glo-bal reporting and assessment of the state of the marine environ-ment, including socioeconomic aspects, by 2004Small Island Developing States– Develop community-based initiatives on sustainable tourismin small island developing States by 2004– Reduce, prevent, and control waste and pollution and theirhealth-related impacts in Small island developing States by 2004through the implementation of the Global Programme of Actionfor the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-basedActivities– Support the availability of adequate, affordable and environ-mentally sound energy services for the sustainable developmentof small island developing States, including through strengthen-ing efforts on energy supply and services by 2004.– Undertake a comprehensive review of the implementation ofthe Barbados Programme of Action for the Sustainable Devel-opment of Small Island Developing States in 2004.

PROGRAM

• 2 •

Purposes of the Global Conference

The major purposes of the Global Conference onOceans, Coasts, and Islands are to review what has beendone to date in implementing the WSSD commitments,and to catalyze action on WSSD implementation throughcollaboration among governments, internationalorganizations, non-governmental organizations, and theprivate sector. The conference focuses, as well, onapproaches to mobilizing public and private sectorsupport for the global oceans agenda, and on theidentification of emerging ocean issues.

More specifically, the Conference aims to:

1) Focus on useful strategies for and experiences inimplementing the commitments made at the WorldSummit on Sustainable Development at global, regional,and national levels, through discussions among expertsfrom governments, international organizations, non-governmental organizations, and the private sector. Foreach of the major areas of oceans, coasts, and islandswhere WSSD targets have been set, the conference will:

a) Invite reports by governments, nongovernmentalorganizations and intergovernmental organizations onprogress and challenges in implementation of the WSSDPlan of Implementation;

b) Discuss the contribution of partnership initiatives,including the identification of gaps in knowledge/resources/political will needed for implementation ofthe WSSD targets;

c) Analyze, in particular, the needs of Small IslandDeveloping States (SIDS), especially in relation to theforthcoming global review of progress achieved in SIDScountries since the 1994 Barbados Programme ofAction, to be held in Mauritius in August 2004.

2) To discuss emerging issues on oceans, coasts, andislands for which international consensus is still to bereached.

3) To develop strategies for mobilizing private sectorinvolvement and increased public awareness on oceans,coasts, and islands, to insure continued support for theglobal oceans agenda.

The Global Conference is organized by the GlobalForum on Oceans, Coasts, and Islands, comprised ofindividuals from governments, intergovernmental andinternational organizations (IOs), and nongovernmentalorganizations (NGOs), with the common goals ofadvancing the interest of oceans— incorporating 72%of the Earth; coasts—the home of 50% of the world’spopulation, and islands—43 of the world’s nations are

small island developing states, which are especiallydependent on the oceans. The Forum was created at theWorld Summit on Sustainable Development inJohannesburg in September 2002 by the WSSD InformalCoordinating Group on Oceans, Coasts and Islands.

Conference Structure

The Conference will run over a three-day period(Wednesday, November 12 through Friday, November14, 2003) with opportunities for informal groupmeetings, workshops, and side events on November 10and 11, 2003.

Most of the conference is organized as plenary sessionswith the exception of the afternoon of November 13when there will be concurrent discussion group sessions.

—Commentary and analysis of the WSSD targets andtimetables

—Analysis of possible strategies for achieving theobjectives of the WSSD Plan of Implementation

—Initial progress in implementation and progress inpartnership initiatives

—Problems and obstacles faced

—Identification of gaps in targets and partnershipinitiatives; and

—Capacity building and political mobilization issues.

More specifically, lead papers and roundtableparticipants are asked to address the following:

—How to operationalize the WSSD commitment/target. What will the commitment/target take interms of knowledge resources, financialresources, and political will? If accomplished,what would the result be “on the ground”? (e.g.,what would “representative networks of marineprotected areas” look like?)

—What will it take to implement the commitment/target? i.e., what is the path to implementation?e.g., National-level action? International action?Subnational action? Action by private sector?

—What is the role of international agencies / NGOs /Governments in assisting and catalyzingimplementation?

—To what extent is the specific target already on theagenda of various groups, and how might theseefforts be synergized?


• 3 •

—Is it best to approach the issue/target regionally? Inwhat regions? Through pilot or demonstrationprojects? What about issues of scaling up?

—Which group/countries/agencies have theknowledge resources needed for achieving thistarget? Which have the financial resources?

—Which groups/countries/agencies might be/aretaking leading roles? How to further encourage/catalyze this?

—Are the financial resources already pledged for theWSSD commitments/targets and for the Type IIinitiatives adequate to mobilize implementationof the target?

Conference Outputs

The following conference outputs are planned:

1. Co-Chairs report of the Conference, containing: 1)perspectives on WSSD implementation—progressachieved so far, initiatives in progress, obstaclesfaced, promising strategies for achieving action inthe medium term, and 2) summaries of the papersand commentaries presented at the conference.

2. A volume on Ministerial Perspectives on the Oceans,Coasts, and Islands Outcomes of the WorldSummit on Sustainable Development,incorporating the presentations of the high-levelparticipants.

3. Several special issues of the international journalOcean & Coastal Management.

Conference Co-chairs

The Conference Co-Chairs are the Co-Chairs of theGlobal Forum on Oceans, Coasts, and Islands: Dr. BilianaCicin-Sain, Director, Gerard J. Mangone Center forMarine Policy, University of Delaware; Dr. PatricioBernal, Secretary, Intergovernmental OceanographicCommission, UNESCO; and Dr. Veerle Vandeweerd,Director, UNEP/GPA, The Hague.

Conference Secretariat

Two Conference Secretariats are collaborating in theorganization of the conference.

The Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission(IOC) is hosting the meeting and overseeing allarrangements related to the conduct of the conferenceat UNESCO headquarters in Paris, including facilitatingthe travel and housing of conference participants.

The Gerard J. Mangone Center for Marine Policy (CMP)at the University of Delaware, USA, is serving as theorganizer of the conference program and is handlingthe organization of pre-conference meetings, conferencesessions, conference proceedings, and publications.

• Conference Coverage

Daily conference coverage will be provided by the EarthNegotiations Bulletin.

PROGRAM

• 4 •

DAY 1WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 12, 2003

Morning Session, 8:30-13:00

8:30-9:00Conference Opening andIntroduction by ConferenceCo-Chairs

Patricio Bernal, Executive Secretary, IntergovernmentalOceanographic Commission

Biliana Cicin-Sain, Director, Gerard J. Mangone Centerfor Marine Policy (CMP), University of Delaware

9:00-10:30SESSION 1PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIESIN THE IMPLEMENTATION OFWSSD COMMITMENTS:MINISTERIAL PERSPECTIVES

Ministerial-level leaders from major ocean and coastalnations will discuss initiatives being taken nationally andinternationally to implement the WSSD commitments,including problems, constraints, and opportunities.

Chair: Mr. Magnus Johanneson, Secretary-General,Ministry for the Environment, Iceland

Mr. Sun Zhihui, Deputy Administrator, State OceanicAdministration, China

Dr. William J. Brennan, Deputy Assistant Secretaryof Commerce for International Affairs, NOAA, USA

H.E. Harsh K. Gupta, Secretary, Department of OceanDevelopment, India

H.E. Ambassador Mohamed Bennouna, PermanentRepresentative of Morocco to the United Nations, andChair, Group of 77

Mr. Daniel McDougall, Director-General of Oceans,on behalf of the Minister of Fisheries and Oceans,Canada

Dr. Klaus Toepfer, Executive Director, United NationsEnvironment Programme (UNEP)

Lord (Prof.) Julian Hunt, Professor and Fellow ofRoyal Society, UK, and Chairman, Advisory Committeeon Protection of the Sea

H.E. Mme. Roselyne Bachelot-Narquin, Minister ofEcology and Sustainable Development, France (speakingin the afternoon)

H.E. Jose Luis Arnaut, Minister Assistant to the PrimeMinister, Portugal (speaking in the afternoon)

• 10:30-11:00 Coffee Break

11:00-12:30 and 14:30-15:30SESSION 2IMPLEMENTATION OF WSSDCOMMITMENTS AT THEREGIONAL LEVEL

Overview of the WSSD implementation process. Statusof implementation of WSSD commitments at the regionallevel, including problems, constraints, and opportunities.New developments at the regional level in ocean andcoastal management.

Chair: Phil Burgess, Co-Chair, UN Open-endedInformal Consultative Process on Oceans and the Lawof the Sea (UNICPOLOS ) (Australia)

David Osborn, Programme Officer, UNEP-GPA,UNEP Regional Seas Programme and Meeting WSSDObjectives

Kenneth Sherman, Supervisory ResearchOceanographer, U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service,The Large Marine Ecosystem Network Approach toWSSD Targets

Olle Hagstrom, Directorate General, Environment,European Commission

Cristelle Pratt, Manager, Oceans and IslandsProgramme, SOPAC, Toward a Regional OceanPolicy for the Pacific

Ambassador Gunnar Palsson, Ministry for ForeignAffairs, Iceland, and Chair, Senior Arctic Officials,Progress and Challenges Faced by the Arctic Councilin Addressing WSSD Commitments

CONFERENCE PROGRAM


• 5 •

Chua Thia-Eng, Director, Partnerships inEnvironmental Management for the Seas of East Asia(PEMSEA), WSSD Implementation in East Asia

Margaret Hayes, Director of Oceans Affairs, U.S.Department of State, WSSD Implementation in the Gulfof Mexico and Caribbean Basin

Harry Coccossis, Professor, University of Thessaly,Greece, New Developments in Integrated Coastal AreaManagement in the Mediterranean Region

Iouri Oliounine, Executive Director, International OceanInstitute, Regional Cooperation in the Caspian Sea

Margarita Astralaga, Americas Regional Coordinator,Ramsar Convention Bureau, Implementation of WSSDTargets through the Ramsar Convention

12:30 PM Announcement of SpecialAward from the Global Forum onOceans, Coasts, and Islands to H.E.Judge Tuiloma Neroni Slade, formerChair, Alliance of Small IslandDeveloping States, and PermanentRepresentative of Samoa to theUnited Nations; currently, Judge,International Criminal Court, TheHague

12:40 PM SPECIAL ADDRESS:Sylvia Earle, Executive Director,Global Marine Programs,Conservation International,Challenges to the Global OceansEnvironment

• LUNCH 13:00-14:30

Afternoon Session, 14:30-15:30Continuation of Sessions 1 and 2


16:00-18:00

SESSION 3SMALL ISLAND DEVELOPINGSTATES: THE ISSUES INMAURITIUS 2004

The WSSD addressed the special problems faced bySmall Island Developing States (SIDS) in detail andamong the SIDS targets and timetables, called for areview of the progress of the 1994 Barbados Programmeof Action for the Sustainable Development of SmallIsland Developing States ten years later, at aninternational conference in Mauritius in 2004. The 44Small Island Developing States involved in the Alliancefor Small Island States (AOSIS) are the stewards of avery large part of the world’s oceans, and are developinginnovative strategies for the protection and sustainableuse of these areas.

Chair: Diane Quarless, Chief, SIDS Unit, UNDESA

Special Address:

H.E. Ambassador Jagdish Koonjul, Mauritius, Chairof AOSIS

Discussion:

Nirmal Jivan Shah, Chief Executive, Nature Seychelles

Robin Mahon, Senior Lecturer, University of the WestIndies, Barbados

Arthur Dahl, Director, Global Islands Network

Social Perspectives:

Herman Belmar, Teacher, Bequia Community HighSchool, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, and Small IslandsVoice Coordinator, Youth’s Concerns and Inputs toMauritius 2004

Pynee Chellapermal, Director, Centre for Documentation,Research and Training on the South-West Indian Ocean,Mauritius, and Small Islands Voice Coordinator, CivilSociety’s Concerns and Inputs to Mauritius 2004

Tiare Holm, Assistant Director, Palau ConservationSociety, Palau, and Small Islands Voice Coordinator, TheGeneral Public’s Perspective on Issues and Inputsto Mauritius 2004

18:00 SPECIAL ADDRESS: TullioTreves, Judge, International Tribunalfor the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) andProfessor, University of Milan, Statusand Prospects of the Law of the Seaat the 20th Year Anniversary

PROGRAM

• 6 •

18:30 PM SPECIAL ADDRESS: JonVan Dyke, Professor, University ofHawai’i William S. Richardson Schoolof Law, Challenges to theInternational Ocean Regime

19:00 WELCOME RECEPTION,sponsored by the SteeringCommittee, Global Forum onOceans, Coasts, and Islands

DAY 2THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 2003

Morning Session, 8:30-13:00

8:30-10:00SESSION 4NGO AND FOUNDATIONPERSPECTIVES ON WSSDIMPLEMENTATION

Integral actors in WSSD implementation are theNongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) related tooceans, coasts, and SIDS, and the foundations whichoften fund this work. In this panel, major NGOs andfoundations report on their initiatives related to WSSDimplementation.

Chair: Lynne Hale, Director, Marine Initiative, TheNature Conservancy

Peter Bryant, Communications Manager, EndangeredSeas Programme,World Wildlife Fund International

Matthew Hatchwell, European Coordinator, The WildlifeConservation Society

Xavier Pastor, Vice President for European Oceansand Seas, Oceana

Carl Lundin, Head, Marine Program, IUCN

Hiroshi Terashima, Executive Director, Institute for OceanPolicy, Ship & Ocean Foundation, Japan

Francois Bailet, Deputy Executive Director, InternationalOcean Institute

10:00 AM SPECIAL ADDRESS: EmilioGabbrielli, Executive Secretary, GlobalWater Partnership, Organizing for theGlobal Water Agenda: LessonsLearned and Links to Oceans


11:00-13:00, and 14:30-17:00SESSION 5ROUNDTABLE DISCUSSION ONCHALLENGES ANDOPPORTUNITIES IN MEETING THEWSSD SUBSTANTIVE OBJECTIVESON OCEANS, COASTS, AND SMALLISLAND DEVELOPING STATES

In this Roundtable, the major substantive targets andtimetables on oceans and coasts are reviewed and criticalassessments of possible strategies for implementationand next steps are discussed. Topical areas coveredinclude: Cross-sectoral aspects: Integrated coastal andocean management and governance, and Ecosystemapproaches; Fisheries; Small Island Developing States;Biodiversity protection; Protection from marine pollution;Enhancing UN coherence on oceans and coasts:Toward a global marine assessment, and toward a UNcoordination mechanism on oceans. On each substantivetopic, one or several discussants will provide commentary.

Chair: Patricio Bernal, Executive Secretary, IOC

Cross-sectoral aspects:

Integrated Coastal and Ocean Management andGovernance

Biliana Cicin-Sain, Director, CMP, University ofDelaware, USA, The Way Forward for Coastal andOcean Governance

Magnus Ngoile, Director General, NationalEnvironment Management Council, Tanzania, LinkingOcean and Coastal Governance to PovertyAlleviation and to Public Health Improvements

Eduardo Marone, Executive Director, InternationalOcean Institute, Brazil, and CEM/UFPR, Sustainabilityand Viability: Reinforcing the Concepts of theJohannesburg Declaration on SustainableDevelopment


• 7 •

Ecosystem Approaches

Louise Heaps, Head, WWF-UK Marine Prorgramme,Implementing the WSSD Targets in EcosystemManagement

Michael O’Toole, Chief Technical Advisor, BenguelaCurrent Large Marine Ecosystem Program, UNDP,Implementing the WSSD Targets through EcosystemManagement: Example from the Benguela CurrentLarge Marine Ecosystem

Lawrence Juda, Professor, University of Rhode Island,USA, Difficulties in Implementing EcosystemManagement

Fisheries:

Serge Garcia, Director, Fishery Resources Division,FAO, The Way Forward in Fisheries

Alastair MacFarlane, General Manager, Trade andInformation, New Zealand Seafood Industry Council Ltd.(SEAFIC)

Jorge Varela, Senior International and Legal Advisor,South American Oceans and Antarctica Office, Oceana,Chile, Eliminating Fisheries Subsidies

Hance Smith, Reader, School of Earth, Ocean, andPlanetary Sciences, Cardiff University, UK, TheRegional Management of Fisheries

Grant Trebble, Coordinator, AMCROPS, South Africa

Small Island Developing States:

H.E. Ambassador Jagdish Koonjul, Mauritius, Chairof AOSIS

Diane Quarless, Chief, SIDS Unit, UNDESA

John Low, Natural Resources Advisor, Pacific IslandsForum Secretariat, Fiji

Clive Wilkinson, International Marine Project ActivitiesCentre, Australia

Biodiversity Protection and Marine ProtectedAreas:

Bud Ehler, Vice-Chair, IUCN-World Commission onProtected Areas (Marine), and Director, InternationalPrograms Office, NOAA, Toward RepresentativeNetworks of Marine Protected Areas by 2012

Camille Mageau, Director, Marine EcosystemsConservation Branch, Department of Fisheries andOceans, Canada, National Network of MPAs

Daniel Laffoley, Head, Marine Conservation, EnglishNature

Serge Garcia, Director, Fishery Resources Division,FAO, Marine Protected Areas and Fisheries

Protection from Marine Pollution:

David Osborn, Programme Officer, UNEP/GPA,Achieving Substantial Progress in GPA by 2006

Magnus Johannesson, Secretary-General, Ministry forthe Environment, Iceland

Dandu Pughiuc, Chief Technical Adviser, GloBallast,International Maritime Organization

Achieving Enhanced Coherence in the UnitedNations vis-à-vis Oceans, Coasts, and Islands:

1) Toward an Effective, Transparent, and RegularInter-Agency Coordination Mechanism on Oceanand Coastal Issues within the United NationsSystem

Qazi Shaukat Fareed, Director, UN Chief ExecutiveBoard for Coordination, UN Inter-agency Mechanismon Oceans

Gunnar Kullenberg, former Executive Director,Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission,UNESCO

Charlotte de Fontaubert, IUCN Consultant

2) Toward a Global Marine Assessment by 2004

Louise de La Fayette, Principal Legal Officer,UNDOALOS

Salif Diop, Division of Early Warning and Assessment,UNEP

Alan Simcock, Executive Secretary, OSPARCommission, and Past Co-Chair, UNICPOLOS

Patricio Bernal, Executive Secretary, IOC

Christian Lefebvre, Director, Acquario di Genova, Italy

Marine Science and Observation Contribution toWSSD Agenda:

Peter Burbridge, Sustainable Development Expert,Land-Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ)IPO, The Netherlands

Tony Knapp, Co-Chair, Coastal Ocean ObservationsPanel (COOP), Global Ocean Observing System

Johannes Guddal, Co-President, Joint WMO/IOCCommission for Oceanography and Marine Meteorology(JCOMM)

PROGRAM

• 8 •

17:00-19:00GROUP DISCUSSIONS ON EACH OFTHE WSSD MAIN TARGETS:1) CROSS-SECTORAL ASPECTS(COMBINED WITH MARINEPOLLUTION) (Biliana Cicin-Sain,Chair);2) FISHERIES (Serge Garcia, Chair);3) SMALL ISLAND DEVELOPINGSTATES (Diane Quarless, Chair);4) BIODIVERSITY AND MARINEPROTECTED AREAS (Charles Ehler,Chair); AND5) ENHANCED UNITED NATIONSCOHERENCE (Patricio Bernal, Chair).These groups will meet separately todiscuss each major target. Severalresource people will be named foreach group. Each group will be askedto report briefly on the afternoon ofNovember 14.

19:00 RECEPTIONSponsored by the U.S. NationalOceanic and AtmosphericAdministration

DAY 3FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 2003

Morning sessions, 8:30-13:00

8:30 AM SPECIAL ADDRESS: AlanSimcock, Executive Secretary, OSPARCommission, and Past Co-Chair,UNICPOLOS, Toward Achieving WSSDObjectives at the Regional Level

9:00-10:30SESSION 6TARGETING DEVELOPMENTASSISTANCE TO MEET WSSD GOALS

This Roundtable will discuss the current status of fundingfor oceans, coasts, and small island developing states, andthe focusing of development assistance on WSSD goalsand the further implementation of Agenda 21.

Chair: Phil Reynolds, Consultant and former Chief, UNDPGlobal Waters Programme

Alfred Duda, Senior Advisor, International Waters,Global Environment Facility

Julia Benn, OECD Development Co-operationDirectorate, France

Olof Linden, Professor, World Maritime University

Ali Mohamed, Secretariat of the Coastal and MarineSub-Theme, NEPAD, Kenya

Francois le Gall, Livestock Specialist, World Bank

Kent Blom, SIDA


11:00-12:15SESSION 7PRIVATE SECTOR PERSPECTIVESON WSSD IMPLEMENTATION ANDON THE GLOBAL OCEANS AGENDA

This session will examine the role of business andindustry in achieving the WSSD agenda and discuss theperspectives of the private sector regarding cross-sectoral global discussions of issues related to oceans,coasts, and islands.Chair: Paul Holthus, Executive Director, MarineAquarium Council, USA

Alastair MacFarlane, General Manager, Trade andInformation, New Zealand Seafood Industry Council Ltd.(SEAFIC)

Pietro Parravano, World Forum of Fish Harvesters andFish Workers

Dierk Peters, International Marketing Manager,Sustainability Initiatives Frozen Foods Europe, Rotterdam

Eugenio Yunis, Chief of Section, SustainableDevelopment Tourism, World Tourism Organization

Suzanne Pleydell, Professional Association of DiveInstructors/Project, AWARE

12:15-13:00SESSION 8OPTIONS FOR A GLOBAL OCEANSFUND

This Roundtable will examine and assess different optionsfor a global fund for oceans based, in part, on an optionspaper prepared by the Global Forum.


• 9 •

Chair: Art Hanson, Oceans Ambassador, and DistinguishedFellow and Senior Scientist, International Institute forSustainable Development, Canada

Scott Smith, Senior Policy Advisor, Marine Initiative,The Nature Conservancy

Indumathie Hewawasam, Senior EnvironmentalSpecialist, World Bank Africa Region, and SteeringCommittee, Global Forum on Oceans Coasts, and Islands,Options for a Global Oceans Fund

• LUNCH, 13:00-14:30

Afternoon Sessions, 14:30-19:00

14:30-15:45SESSION 9GENERATING AND MAINTAININGPUBLIC SUPPORT FOR OCEANS,COASTS, AND ISLANDS

This session will examine specific ways in which publicsupport for oceans, coasts, and islands may be generatedand maintained, especially through the involvement ofaquaria and museums, and through the involvement ofthe media.

Chair: Phillippe Vallette, General Manager,NAUSICAA (French National Sealife Center), and co-founder of the World Ocean Network

Cecile Gaspar, Director, Dolphin Quest, Polynesia, TheRole of Aquariums in Implementing WSSDCommitments/Looking Forward to a ConcertedInternational Awareness Raising Plan

Martin Jones, Reef Museum, Townsville, Australia, IfYou Never Look in the Rear View Mirror You Do NotKnow How Far You Have Come

Peter Neill, President World Ocean Observatory, SouthStreet Seaport Museum, USA

John Bennett, Principal, Bennett and Associates,Religion, Science, and the Environment Symposia

Ram Boojh, Coordinator, Centre for EnvironmentEducation, India


16:15-17:30

SESSION 10EVOLVING ISSUES

This Roundtable will focus on emerging issues,especially biodiversity in the high seas and in deepseaareas, and issues associated with trade and maritimetransportation.

Chair: David VanderZwaag, Professor, Dalhousie LawSchool, Dalhousie University, Canada

Donna Petrachenko, Regional Director General,Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada, Outcomesof the Australian High Seas Biodiversity Workshop

Kristina Gjerde, High Seas Marine Protected AreasProject Coordinator, IUCN, Poland

Charlotte Breide, Senior Legal Advisor - High Seas,WWF International, Endangered Seas Programme

Louise de La Fayette, Principal Legal Officer,UNDOALOS, Protecting the Biological Resources ofthe Deep Seabed

Awni Behnam, Advisor to the Secretary-General, UNConference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD),and President, International Ocean Institute

Phil Burgess, Co-Chair, UN Open-ended InformalConsultative Process on Oceans and the Law of theSea (UNICPOLOS )

Lee Kimball, Independent Consultant

17:30-19:00SESSION 11.BRINGING IT ALL TOGETHER

Co-Chairs: Biliana Cicin-Sain, CMP, University ofDelaware, Patricio Bernal, IOC, and VeerleVandeweerd, UNEP-GPA

1. Reports from Discussion Groupsand Pre-conference Meetings

2. Perspectives on the Way Forward

Gunnar Kullenberg, former Executive Director,Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission,UNESCO, Challenges and Potential Solutions forAchieving Synergies at the Regional Level on Oceanand Coastal Governance

PROGRAM

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Jon Van Dyke, Professor, William S. Richardson Schoolof Law, University of Hawaii

Magnus Ngoile, Director, National EnvironmentManagement Council, Tanzania

3. Concluding Remarks and Closingby Conference Co-chairs

19:00 FAREWELL RECEPTIONSponsored by the International OceanInstitute


• 11 •

PRE-CONFERENCE MEETINGS

NOVEMBER 10 AND 11, 2003

The pre-conference meetings are aimed at two mainpurposes: 1) to discuss important issues that relate tothe WSSD commitments; 2) to bring together expertson the various issues early on in the program so thatthey may have the time to develop, as appropriate, bythe end of the conference, summaries of the status ofthe issue as well as statements on specific steps andactions that should be taken on the issue, and by whichparties.

Please note that for each meeting, although speakersand resource persons are noted, other conferenceparticipants are welcome to join the discussion in thesesessions.

Major questions posed in each meeting are noted below.

November 10, 2003

9:00-11:00TOWARDS IMPLEMENTATIONOF THE WSSD INFORMALPARTNERSHIP INITIATIVES(Room VI)

This session will bring together representatives fromvarious Type II partnerships created at the WSSD relatedto oceans, coasts, and SIDS. The purpose of the meetingis to discuss:

—Developments and progress of the partnershipinitiatives

—Problems encountered in advancing the initiatives

—Strategies for achieving synergy among the Type IIinitiatives related to oceans, coasts, and Small IslandDeveloping States to achieve maximum impact.

Chair: Tom Laughlin, U.S. National Oceanic andAtmospheric Administration, White Water to Blue Water(WW2BW) Initiative

Participants:

Emilio D’Alessio, City of Ancona, A21 Adriatic SeaForum

Stefano Belfiore, Gerard J. Mangone Center for MarinePolicy, University of Delaware, and U.S. NationalOceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Analysis ofType II Initiatives Related to SIDS

Florence Boisson, International Atomic Energy Agency,Application of Isotope Techniques

Chua Thia-Eng, Partnership for the EnvironmentalManagement of the Seas of East Asia, SustainableDevelopment in the Seas of East Asia

Richard Delaney, University of Massachusetts, Boston,and Anthony MacDonald, Coastal States Organization,USA, International ICM Networks

John Low, Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat, PacificIslands Oceans Initiative

David Osborn, United Nations Environment ProgrammeGlobal Programme of Action, Hilltops-2-OceansPartnership

Gloria Visconti, Ministry of Environment, Italy, Type IIImplementation since WSSD

11:00-13:00CAPACITY BUILDING (Organized byWSSD Type 2 Initiative onInternational ICM Networks)(Room VIII)

The Johannesburg Plan of Implementation (JPoI) callsfor the promotion of integrated coastal and oceanmanagement at the national level and encourage andassist countries in developing ocean policies andmechanisms on integrated coastal management and forassistance for developing countries in coordinatingpolicies and programs at the regional and subregionallevels aimed at conservation and sustainablemanagement of fishery resources and implementintegrated coastal area management plans, includingthrough the development of infrastructure.

In order to carry out these goals and vision, there is aneed to review, rationalize, and refocus current goals,existing and planned initiatives, and increasingly limited

PROGRAM

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financial resources for capacity building for thegovernance of oceans, coasts, and islands.

This meeting aims to:

1) Revisit the key recommendations on capacitybuilding at the 2001 global conference and in theJPoI to determine gaps and to prioritize capacitybuilding objectives;

2) Identify successful past and current capacitybuilding initiatives including cross-cutting andself-supporting ones that can be expanded,adapted, and scaled-up to support theimplementation of JPoI;

3) Discuss mechanisms and strategies for thedevelopment of additional in-country academicdegree programs and centers of excellence in thefield;

4) Discuss ways in which regional networks ofpractitioners and academics in integrated oceanand coastal management may be linked to a globalnetwork to advance the field and share lessonsabout best practice; and

5) Contribute an ICM component to the Decade ofEducation for Sustainable Development,UNESCO.

Chair: Noel Brown, Board Member, InternationalOcean Institute, and Indumathie Hewawasam, SeniorEnvironmental Specialist, World Bank Africa Region (forthe World Bank Institute)

Participants:

Fatima Alves, Lecturer, Department of Environmentand Planning, University of Aveiro, Portugal

Francois Bailet, Deputy Executive Director,International Ocean Institute

Russell Chapman, Dean, School of the Coast andEnvironment, Louisiana State University, USA

Chua Thia-Eng, Director, Partnership for theEnvironmental Management of the Seas of East Asia

Biliana Cicin-Sain, University of Delaware, USA

Harry Coccossis, Professor, University of Thessaly,Greece

Lynne Hale, Director, Marine Initiative, The NatureConservancy

Lawrence Juda, Professor, Department of MarineAffairs, University of Rhode Island, USA

Robin Mahon, Senior Lecturer Centre for ResourceManagement and Environmental Studies, University ofWest Indies, Barbados

Steve Olsen, Director, Coastal Resources Center,University of Rhode Island, USA

Evelia Rivera-Arriaga, University of Campeche,Mexico

Nirmal Jivan Shah, Nature Seychelles

Hance Smith, Cardiff University, UK

Aprilani Soegiarto, Indonesian Institute of Sciences,Indonesia

Elaine Stratford, University of Tasmania, Australia

Are K. Sydnes, University of Tromso, Norway

Hiroshi Terashima, Ship & Ocean Foundation, Japan

John W. Tunnell, Texas A&M University, USA

13:00-14:00Film showing—Dinesh Lakhanpal,India, Film on BiodiversityConservation (Room II)

14:00-15:00PUBLICATION LAUNCH ANDDISCUSSION ON WISE PRACTICESFOR COPING WITH BEACH EROSIONIN SMALL ISLANDS (Room VIII)

This series of ten booklets on Wise Practices for Copingwith Beach Erosion focusing on specific islands in theEastern Caribbean (Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda,Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, Nevis, St. Kitts, St.Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Turks and CaicosIslands) is the result of a collaborative effort on the partof government agencies, non-governmentalorganizations, teachers, students and individuals.Together, they have carefully and scientifically measuredthe changes in island beaches over a number of years.

Indiscriminate and inappropriate development of coastalareas, especially beachfronts, continues in many islands.Destructive practices like sand mining and natural forcessuch as hurricanes further destabilise beach and coastalareas.

Containing full colour photos, illustrations, data andinformative text, the booklets aim to assist governments,students, local communities and the general public to


• 13 •

understand and conserve beaches for the benefit of all– island residents, visitors, and generations still to come.

Lead Persons:

Dirk Troost, Chief, CSI, UNESCO, and GillianCambers, University of Puerto Rico

Participants:

Herman Belmar, Bequia Community High School, St.Vincent and the Grenadines

Pynee Chellapermal, Centre for Documentation,Research and Training on the South-West Indian Ocean,Mauritius

15:00-17:00CORAL REEF MANAGEMENTISSUES WORKSHOP (Room VI)

The Global Forum will bring together a diverse groupof high level government and NGO leaders who couldmake a difference in coral reef conservation. So far, itappears that very little real action has occurred sinceWSSD on implementing the commitments made inJohannesburg.

Coral reefs and associated seagrass and mangroveecosystems are amongst the most biologically productiveand diverse on Earth. In addition to the economicbenefits of coral reefs, these ecosystems sustain thesocial fabric and cultural values of many coastalcommunities around the world, particularly in SIDS.Reef Check and GCRMN have documented thecontinuing global decline in reef health as well as recentsuccess stories.

The purpose of the Workshop will be to:

1) Examine the strong WSSD Resolution commitmentsto sustainable management of coral reefs through interalia, the ICRI Call to Action, fisheries and regionalconventions relating to marine areas;

2) Review developments and progress in coral reefmanagement issues on national and regional levelssince WSSD;

3) Form a consensus statement on major action areasfor presentation during the main program November12 and 13.

Possible priorities for consideration would include:

• Establishing national coral reef monitoringprograms under GCRMN/Reef Check

• Providing support for existing and new MPAs toachieve a 20% level of conservation of reefs

• Providing support for restoration efforts for coralreef fish/shellfish stocks

• Implementing the ICRI Renewed Call for Action

Co-Chairs: Georg Heiss, Coordinator, Reef CheckEurope

Clive Wilkinson, International Marine Project ActivitiesCentre, Australia

Participants:

Giulia Carbone, UNEP TIE, Paris

Arthur Dahl, Global Islands Network, Switzerland

Ed Green, UNEP-WCMC

Carl Gustaf Lundin, The World Conservation Union(IUCN)

Stefan Hain, United Nations Environmental Program

Lynne Hale, The Nature Conservancy

Paul Holthus, Marine Aquarium Council, USA

Martin Jones, Reef Museum, Australia

Richard Kenchington, International Coral Reef ActionNetwork

Olof Linden, World Maritime University, Sweden

Nyawira Muthiga, Kenya Wildlife Service, Coral ReefTask Force

Arjan Rajasuriya, National Aquatic Resources Research& Development Agency, Sri Lanka

Bernard Salvat, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes,University of Perpignan, France

Scott Smith, The Nature Conservancy

Chris Tompkins, International Coral Reef Initiative(ICRI) Secretariat

Genevieve Verbrugge, Ministry of Environment, France

Ole Vestergaard, IOC-UNESCO

PROGRAM

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November 11, 2003

9:00-11:00INTEGRATED COASTAL MANAGEMENT(Organized by WSSD Type 2 Initiativeon International ICM Networks)(Room VI)

The practice of integrated coastal management (ICM)was given a significant boost in the 1992 Earth Summit,and in the past decade many countries have begun effortsin ICM. The 2002 World Summit reinforced the needfor ICM, but provided only some specific targets andtimetables to guide future action (for example, applyingthe ecosystem approach by 2010). Participants areinvited to discuss:

—the provisions of the Johannesburg Plan ofImplementation which can usefully be used to advanceand strengthen ICM

—the primary emphasis of the WSSD on povertyalleviation and how ICM can contribute to this goal

—whether more detailed targets and timetables areneeded on this issue, making reference to the groupdiscussion on this question at the Paris 2001 globalconference, including: what might such more detailedtargets and timetables contain, on what time frame, andwhere and how might they be pursued?

—modes of codifying and disseminating “good practice”in ICM

—modes and opportunities for measuring and reportingon ICM outcomes

Co-Chairs: Chua Thia-Eng, PEMSEA, IndumathieHewawasam, (for the World Bank Institute), and SteveOlsen, University of Rhode Island

Participants:

Rhoda Ballinger, University of Cardiff, UK

Julian Barbiere, Intergovernmental OceanographicCommission, UNESCO

Stefano Belfiore, University of Delaware and U.S.National Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationLeo Brewster, Director, Coastal Zone ManagementUnit, BarbadosPeter Burbridge, Emeritus Professor in CoastalManagement, School of Marine Science and Technology,University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

Biliana Cicin-Sain, University of Delaware, USA

Giovanni Coppini, National Institute of Geophysics andVolcanology, Italy

Valerie Cummins, Coastal and Marine ResourcesCentre, University College Cork, Ireland

Charles “Bud” Ehler, National Oceanic andAtmospheric Administration, USA

Giuliano Fierro, Professor, DIPTERIS, Universita diGenova, Italy

Anamarija Frankic, Virginia Institute of MarineScience, USA

Guillermo Garcia Montero, Director, AcuarioNacional, and President, Comité OceanograficoNacional, Cuba

Niels Ipsen, UNEP Collaborating Centre on Water andEnvironment, Denmark

Camille Mageau, Department of Fisheries and Oceans,Canada

Yuriy Mikhaylichenko, Ministry of Industry, Scienceand Technologies of the Russian Federation

Magnus Ngoile, National Environmental ManagementCouncil, Tanzania

Evelia Rivera-Arriaga, University of Campeche,Mexico

11:00-13:00NATIONAL OCEAN POLICIES(Organized by WSSD Type 2 Initiativeon International ICM Networks)(Room VIII)

Following the prescriptions of the Law of the SeaConvention and patterns of increasing ocean use, anumber of nations are now developing new regimes forthe management of their 200-mile ocean zones.Prominent examples include Australia, Canada, China,Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, Norway, Philippines,Portugal, Thailand, United States, and the 16 islandnations in the South Pacific where they are developinga regional ocean policy that would coordinate andharmonize national ocean policies.

This session will: 1) share approaches amongpractitioners and academics involved in national oceanpolicy development in the various countries (very briefinterventions and distribution of relevant materials areinvited); and 2) most importantly, discuss the modalitiesof possible cooperation in sharing approaches and lessonsamong the countries and in building toward “goodpractice” in national ocean policy development.


• 15 •

Participants are invited to discuss:

—The approach followed in initiating national oceanpolicy (e.g., new legislation, an oceans commission, etc.)

—Principles embodied in various national ocean policies

—The institutional arrangements and mechanisms toformulate and implement national ocean policy

—Linkages between national ocean policies andsubnational mechanisms and regional frameworks

—Jurisdictional issues and nested governanceapproaches

—Relationship among: watershed management, coastalmanagement, and ocean management

—Relationship to international ocean agreements

—Harmonization of sectoral issues

—Public involvement in the formulation andimplementation of national ocean policies

—Impediments to national ocean policy formulation andimplementation

—Lessons learned from the experience

—Suggested guidance for other nations contemplatingnational ocean policy formulation

Co-Chairs: Biliana Cicin-Sain, University ofDelaware, and Dan McDougall, Department ofFisheries and Oceans, Canada

Participants:

Hans Balfoort, National Institute for Coastal and MarineEnvironment (RIKZ), Netherlands

Mohd Nizam Basiron, Maritime Institute of Malaysia

Phil Burgess, United Nations Open-Ended InformalConsultative Process on Oceans and Law of the Sea

Chua Thia-Eng, Partnerships for EnvironmentalManagement in the Seas of East Asia

Tiago Pitta e Cunha, Strategic Commission on Oceans,Portugal

Louise de La Fayette, UN DOALOS

Alf Hakon Hoel, University of Tromsoe

John Low, South Pacific Regional EnvironmentProgramme

Mario Ruivo, Portuguese Committee for theIntergovernmental Oceanographic Commission

Hance Smith, Cardiff University

Hiroshi Terashima, Ship and Ocean Foundation

Chris Tompkins, Department for Environment, UK

David VanderZwaag, Dalhousie University

Jon Van Dyke, University of Hawaii

13:00-15:00Concurrent Events (3)

(1) PUBLIC INFORMATION,EDUCATION AND AWARENESS(Room VI)

The objectives of this meeting and of Session 9 of theConference are to find ways to generate and maintainpublic support for oceans, coasts and islands and inspirea change of behavior at individual and collective levels,to discuss various activities supporting the mainobjective in order to foster and to promote sustainableattitude and behavior both at individual and collectivelevels:

—to raise and maintain a continuous interest of massmedia;

—to mobilize organisations reaching very largeaudiences such as environmental NGOs or public venues(aquariums,museums, etc.);

—to mobilize educational organisations at all levels(namely by integrating the ocean issues in the activitiesprogram of the Decade of Education for SustainableDevelopment coordinated by UNESCO and startingfrom 2005); and

—to mobilize all stakeholders on Ocean Day.

Participants will be asked to concentrate on sharing theirbest experiences and bringing new ideas to gain publicsupport and to inspire a change of behavior, bothindividually and collectively. The side event will be usedas a preparation for the plenary session in order to comeup with practical proposals during the plenary session.

Chair: Phillip Vallette, NAUSICAA, National SeaCentre, France, and co-founder of World Ocean Network

Participants:

Rhoda Ballinger, Cardiff University, UK

Ram Boojh, Centre for Environment Education, India,and co-founder of World Ocean Network, What Role

PROGRAM

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can Environmental Education Centers Play +Looking Forward to the Decade of Education forSustainable Development - Indian and AsianPerspectives

Peter Neill, South Street Seaport Museum, USA, WhatRole can Maritime Museums Play + LookingForward to New Ways/New Exhibits to InformAudiences

(2) SMALL ISLANDS AND MAURITIUS2004 (Room VIII)

The General Public’s Perspective (Small IslandsVoice, UNESCO)

The World Summit on Sustainable Development inJohannesburg, September 2002 reaffirmed that smallisland developing states (SIDS) are a special case, andcalled for a comprehensive review of the Programme ofAction for the sustainable development of SIDS. Thereview process is ongoing and will culminate in high-level meeting in Mauritius in August-September2004.

Against this background, the Small Islands Voiceinitiative was launched in 2002 with the explicit aim ofencouraging people in small islands to exchange theirviews on environment and development issues, to worktogether to solve their problems and to take part in theSIDS Programme of Action.

The aim of this workshop is to focus on the outcome ofconsultations and other exchanges taking place amongstthe general public in islands in the Pacific, Indian Oceanand the Caribbean regions and how these can bechanneled towards positive action. Within an overallcontext of forward-looking initiatives, particularattention will be given to young islanders and theirconcerns, community-based visions for development,priorities identified by civil society, global internetforums, and inter- and intra-regional exchanges betweenislands.

Co-Chairs: Dirk Troost and Claire Green, CoastalRegions and Small Islands (CSI), UNESCO

Participants:

Herman Belmar, Bequia Community High School, St.Vincent and the Grenadines

Pynee Chellapermal, Centre for Documentation,Research and Training on the South-West Indian Ocean,Mauritius

Tiare Holm, Palau Conservation Society, Palau

Gillian Cambers, University of Puerto Rico

Arthur Dahl, Global Islands Network, Switzerland

Sherry Heileman, Consultant, Global EnvironmentOutlook Project, UNEP

(3) COASTAL ZONE AFRICA FORUM(Room VII)

The objectives of this meeting are to discuss theformulation of an African Coastal Zone Forum as avehicle to promote the implementation of ICM on aregional basis, and to identify capacity-buildingmechanisms through a regional network of experts,NGOs, academics and stakeholders, and finally toexchange information and experiences on coastalplanning, institutional mechanisms, science andtechnology applications, and training requirements. Itis proposed that the African Forum would be formalisedthrough the organisation of a Pan-African Conferencein 2004. Participants will be invited to discuss:

• the modalities for establishing such a forum,including institutional arrangements;

• the topics and areas of cooperation that the Forumshould address;

• the identification of interested partners and theirrespective roles;

• how to sustain effectively such a forum;

• the finalization of a work plan that should beimplemented by 2004.

Participants:

Julius Francis, Western Indian Ocean Marine ScienceAssociation, Tanzania

Elin Torrel, Coastal Resources Center, USA

Grant Trebble, AMCROPS, South Africa

Julian Barbière, IOC/UNESCO

Ali Mohamed, COSMAR-NEPAD/Kenya

Magnus Ngoile, Tanzania’s National EnvironmentManagement Council

Indu Hewawasam, World Bank

Bernice McLean, University of Delaware

Iouri Oliounine, International Ocean Institute


• 17 •

15:00-17:00LARGE MARINE ECOSYSTEMS(Room VI)

One of the major WSSD targets is to “encourage theapplication by 2010 of the Ecosystem approach.” In thepast decade, the GEF-funded program on Large MarineEcosystems (LME) has gained significant experience inapplying the LME approach in various marine regionsaround the world. This session reviews advances madein ecosystem management through the LME program,and seeks to identify possible synergies with otherimportant efforts at the regional scale.

Major questions to be addressed:

—what are the major lessons that can be gleaned fromthe LME effort so far?

—how can the LME platform be used in the next decadeto help achieve the WSSD ecosystem goal of applyingecosystem management by 2010?

—given that there are other important ocean and coastalmanagement efforts at the regional level, for example,the Regional Seas Programme, how can synergy beachieved between the LME efforts and other regional-level efforts?

—given that many of the WSSD targets need to beimplemented at the national level, how can theknowledge and experience gained through the LMEefforts be most usefully applied to enhance sustainabledevelopment of coasts and national ocean zones incountries adjoining an LME?

—considering that other WSSD targets (such as, forexample, establishing representative networks of marineprotected areas by 2012) which might best be addressedat a regional level, how can these strategies be developedin collaboration with the LME efforts?

Co-chairs: Pablo Huidobro, Senior Technical Adviser,United Nations Industrial Development Organization(UNIDO), Carl Lundin, Head, Marine Program, TheWorld Conservation Union (IUCN), and KennethSherman, U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service

Participants:

Antonio Diaz de Leon Corral, UNIDO

Chidi Ibe, Regional Programme Advisor for Africa,United Nations Industrial Development Organization(UNIDO), Ghana

Robin Mahon, Regional Project Coordinator,IOCARIBE Caribbean LME Project

Michael O’Toole, Regional Coordinator, BenguelaCurrent Large Marine Ecosystem Project/UNDP,Namibia

Jan Thulin, Coordinator, Baltic Sea Regional Project/International Council for the Exploration of the Sea(ICES)

Chika Ukwe, Industrial Development Officer, UNIDO

Charles Ehler, Vice-Chair, IUCN World Commissionon Protected Areas - Marine

David Osborn, Programme Officer, UNEP-GPA

PROGRAM

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World Summit on Sustainable DevelopmentPlan of Implementation of the World Summit onSustainable Development29 September 2002

Paragraphs 30-36 extracted from section IV.Protecting and managing the naturalresource base of economic and socialdevelopment

30. Oceans, seas, islands and coastalareas form an integrated and essentialcomponent of the Earth’s ecosystem and arecritical for global food security and forsustaining economic prosperity and thewell-being of many national economies,particularly in developing countries.Ensuring the sustainable development ofthe oceans requires effective coordinationand cooperation, including at the globaland regional levels, between relevantbodies, and actions at all levels to:

(a) Invite States to ratify or accedeto and implement the United NationsConvention on the Law of the Sea, whichprovides the overall legal framework forocean activities;

(b) Promote the implementation ofchapter 17 of Agenda 21 which provides theprogramme of action for achieving thesustainable development of oceans, coastalareas and seas through its programme areasof integrated management and sustainabledevelopment of coastal areas, includingexclusive economic zones; marineenvironmental protection; sustainable useand conservation of marine livingresources; addressing criticaluncertainties for the management of themarine environment and climate change;strengthening international, includingregional, cooperation and coordination;and sustainable development of smallislands;

(c) Establish an effective, transparentand regular inter-agency coordinationmechanism on ocean and coastal issueswithin the United Nations system;

The Johannesburg Plan of Implementation Text(The verbatim text related to oceans, coasts, and islands in the Plan of Implementation

agreed to at the WSSD.)

(d) Encourage the application by 2010of the ecosystem approach, noting theReykjavik Declaration on ResponsibleFisheries in the Marine Ecosystem anddecision 5/6 of the Conference of Partiesto the Convention on Biological Diversity;

(e) Promote integrated,multidisciplinary and multisectoralcoastal and ocean management at thenational level, and encourage and assistcoastal States in developing oceanpolicies and mechanisms on integratedcoastal management;

(f) Strengthen regional cooperation andcoordination between the relevant regionalorganizations and programmes, the UNEPregional seas programmes, regionalfisheries management organizations andother regional science, health anddevelopment organizations;

(g) Assist developing countries incoordinating policies and programmes atthe regional and subregional levels aimedat the conservation and sustainablemanagement of fishery resources, andimplement integrated coastal areamanagement plans, including through thepromotion of sustainable coastal andsmall-scale fishing activities and, whereappropriate, the development of relatedinfrastructure;

(h) Take note of the work of the open-ended informal consultative processestablished by the United Nations GeneralAssembly in its resolution 54/33 in orderto facilitate the annual review by theAssembly of developments in ocean affairsand the upcoming review of itseffectiveness and utility to be held atits fifty-seventh session under the termsof the above-mentioned resolution;

31. To achieve sustainable fisheries, thefollowing actions are required at alllevels:

(a) Maintain or restore stocks tolevels that can produce the maximum

Appendix


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sustainable yield with the aim ofachieving these goals for depleted stockson an urgent basis and where possible notlater than 2015;

(b) Ratify or accede to and effectivelyimplement the relevant United Nations and,where appropriate, associated regionalfisheries agreements or arrangements,noting in particular the Agreement for theImplementation of the Provisions of theUnited Nations Convention on the Law ofthe Sea of 10 December 1982 relating tothe Conservation and Management ofStraddling Fish Stocks and HighlyMigratory Fish Stocks and the 1993Agreement to Promote Compliance withInternational Conservation and ManagementMeasures by Fishing Vessels on the HighSeas;

(c) Implement the 1995 Code of Conductfor Responsible Fisheries, taking note ofthe special requirements of developingcountries as noted in its article 5, andthe relevant Food and AgricultureOrganization of the United Nations (FAO)international plans of action andtechnical guidelines;

(d) Urgently develop and implementnational and, where appropriate, regionalplans of action, to put into effect theFAO international plans of action, inparticular the international plan ofaction for the management of fishingcapacity by 2005 and the internationalplan of action to prevent, deter andeliminate illegal, unreported andunregulated fishing by 2004. Establisheffective monitoring, reporting andenforcement, and control of fishingvessels, including by flag States, tofurther the international plan of actionto prevent, deter and eliminate illegal,unreported and unregulated fishing;

(e) Encourage relevant regionalfisheries management organizations andarrangements to give due consideration tothe rights, duties and interests ofcoastal States and the specialrequirements of developing States whenaddressing the issue of the allocation ofshare of fishery resources for straddlingstocks and highly migratory fish stocks,mindful of the provisions of the UnitedNations Convention on the Law of the Sea

and the Agreement for the Implementationof the Provisions of the United NationsConvention on the Law of the Sea of 10December 1982 Relating to the Conservationand Management of Straddling Fish Stocksand Highly Migratory Fish Stocks, on thehigh seas and within exclusive economiczones;

(f) Eliminate subsidies that contributeto illegal, unreported and unregulatedfishing and to over-capacity, whilecompleting the efforts undertaken at WTOto clarify and improve its disciplines onfisheries subsidies, taking into accountthe importance of this sector todeveloping countries;

(g) Strengthen donor coordination andpartnerships between internationalfinancial institutions, bilateral agenciesand other relevant stakeholders to enabledeveloping countries, in particular theleast developed countries and small islanddeveloping States and countries witheconomies in transition, to develop theirnational, regional and subregionalcapacities for infrastructure andintegrated management and the sustainableuse of fisheries;

(h) Support the sustainable developmentof aquaculture, including small-scaleaquaculture, given its growing importancefor food security and economicdevelopment.

32. In accordance with chapter 17 ofAgenda 21, promote the conservation andmanagement of the oceans through actionsat all levels, giving due regard to therelevant international instruments to:

(a) Maintain the productivity andbiodiversity of important and vulnerablemarine and coastal areas, including inareas within and beyond nationaljurisdiction;

(b) Implement the work programmearising from the Jakarta Mandate on theConservation and Sustainable Use of Marineand Coastal Biological Diversity of theConvention on Biological Diversity,including through the urgent mobilizationof financial resources and technologicalassistance and the development of humanand institutional capacity, particularlyin developing countries;

PROGRAM

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(c) Develop and facilitate the use ofdiverse approaches and tools, includingthe ecosystem approach, the elimination ofdestructive fishing practices, theestablishment of marine protected areasconsistent with international law andbased on scientific information, includingrepresentative networks, by 2012, andtime/area closures for the protection ofnursery grounds and periods, propercoastal land use; and watershed planningand the integration of marine and coastalareas management into key sectors;

(d) Develop national, regional andinternational programmes for halting theloss of marine biodiversity, including incoral reefs and wetlands;

(e) Implement the RAMSAR Convention,including its joint work programme withthe Convention on Biological Diversity,and the programme of action called for bythe International Coral Reef Initiative tostrengthen joint management plans andinternational networking for wetlandecosystems in coastal zones, includingcoral reefs, mangroves, seaweed beds andtidal mud flats;

33. Advance implementation of the GlobalProgramme of Action for the Protection ofthe Marine Environment from Land-basedActivities and the Montreal Declaration onthe Protection of the Marine Environmentfrom Land-based Activities, withparticular emphasis in the period 2002-2006 on municipal wastewater, the physicalalteration and destruction of habitats,and nutrients, by actions at all levelsto:

(a) Facilitate partnerships, scientificresearch and diffusion of technicalknowledge; mobilize domestic, regional andinternational resources; and promote humanand institutional capacity-building,paying particular attention to the needsof developing countries;

(b) Strengthen the capacity ofdeveloping countries in the development oftheir national and regional programmes andmechanisms to mainstream the objectives ofthe Global Programme of Action and tomanage the risks and impacts of oceanpollution;

(c) Elaborate regional programmes ofaction and improve the links withstrategic plans for the sustainabledevelopment of coastal and marineresources, noting in particular areaswhich are subject to acceleratedenvironmental changes and developmentpressures;

(d) Make every effort to achievesubstantial progress by the next GlobalProgramme of Action conference in 2006 toprotect the marine environment from land-based activities.

34. Enhance maritime safety and protectionof the marine environment from pollutionby actions at all levels to:

(a) Invite States to ratify or accede toand implement the conventions andprotocols and other relevant instrumentsof the International Maritime Organization(IMO) relating to the enhancement ofmaritime safety and protection of themarine environment from marine pollutionand environmental damage caused by ships,including the use of toxic anti-foulingpaints and urge IMO to consider strongermechanisms to secure implementation of IMOinstruments by flag States;

(b) Accelerate the development ofmeasures to address invasive alien speciesin ballast water. Urge IMO to finalize theIMO International Convention on theControl and Management of Ships’ BallastWater and Sediments.

35. Governments, taking into account theirnational circumstances, are encouraged,recalling paragraph 8 of resolution GC(44)/RES/17 of the General Conference ofthe International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA) and taking into account the veryserious potential for environment andhuman health impacts of radioactivewastes, to make efforts to examine andfurther improve measures andinternationally agreed regulationsregarding safety, while stressing theimportance of having effective liabilitymechanisms in place, relevant tointernational maritime transportation andother transboundary movement ofradioactive material, radioactive wasteand spent fuel, including, inter alia,arrangements for prior notification and


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consultations done in accordance withrelevant international instruments.

36. Improve the scientific understandingand assessment of marine and coastalecosystems as a fundamental basis forsound decision-making, through actions atall levels to:

(a) Increase scientific and technicalcollaboration, including integratedassessment at the global and regionallevels, including the appropriate transferof marine science and marine technologiesand techniques for the conservation andmanagement of living and non-living marineresources and expanding ocean-observingcapabilities for the timely prediction andassessment of the state of marineenvironment;

(b) Establish by 2004 a regular processunder the United Nations for globalreporting and assessment of the state ofthe marine environment, including socio-economic aspects, both current andforeseeable, building on existing regionalassessments;

(c) Build capacity in marine science,information and management, through, interalia, promoting the use of environmentalimpact assessments and environmentalevaluation and reporting techniques, forprojects or activities that arepotentially harmful to the coastal andmarine environments and their living andnonliving resources;

(d) Strengthen the ability of theIntergovernmental Oceanographic Commissionof the United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization, FAOand other relevant international andregional and subregional organizations tobuild national and local capacity inmarine science and the sustainablemanagement of oceans and their resources.

* * *

Paragraphs 58-61 from section VII.Sustainable development of smallisland developing States

58. Small island developing States are aspecial case both for environment anddevelopment. Although they continue totake the lead in the path towardssustainable development in theircountries, they are increasinglyconstrained by the interplay of adversefactors clearly underlined in Agenda 21,the Programme of Action for theSustainable Development of Small IslandDeveloping States and the decisionsadopted at the twenty-second specialsession of the General Assembly. Thiswould include actions at all levels to:

(a) Accelerate national and regionalimplementation of the Programme of Action,with adequate financial resources,including through GEF focal areas,transfer of environmentally soundtechnologies and assistance for capacity-building from the international community;

(b) Further implement sustainablefisheries management and improve financialreturns from fisheries by supporting andstrengthening relevant regional fisheriesmanagement organizations, as appropriate,such as the recently established CaribbeanRegional Fisheries Mechanism and suchagreements as the Convention on theConservation and Management of HighlyMigratory Fish Stocks in the Western andCentral Pacific Ocean;

(c) Assist small island developingStates, including through the elaborationof specific initiatives in delimiting andmanaging in a sustainable manner theircoastal areas and exclusive economic zonesand the continental shelf (including,where appropriate, the continental shelfareas beyond 200 miles from coastalbaselines), as well as relevant regionalmanagement initiatives within the contextof the United Nations Convention on theLaw of the Sea and the UNEP regional seasprogrammes;

(d) Provide support, including forcapacity-building, for the development andfurther implementation of:

(i) Small island developing States-specific components within programmes

PROGRAM

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of work on marine and coastalbiological diversity;

(ii) Freshwater programmes for smallisland developing States, includingthrough the GEF focal areas;

(e) Effectively reduce, prevent andcontrol waste and pollution and theirhealth-related impacts by undertaking by2004 initiatives aimed at implementing theGlobal Programme of Action for theProtection of the Marine Environment fromLand-based Activities in small islanddeveloping States;

(f) Work to ensure that, in the ongoingnegotiations and elaboration of the WTOwork programme on trade in smalleconomies, due account is taken of smallisland developing States, which havesevere structural handicaps in integratinginto the global economy, within thecontext of the Doha development agenda;

(g) Develop community-based initiativeson sustainable tourism by 2004, and buildthe capacities necessary to diversifytourism products, while protecting cultureand traditions, and effectively conservingand managing natural resources;

(h) Extend assistance to small islanddeveloping States in support of localcommunities and appropriate national andregional organizations of small islanddeveloping States for comprehensive hazardand risk management, disaster prevention,mitigation and preparedness, and helprelieve the consequences of disasters,extreme weather events and otheremergencies;

(i) Support the finalization andsubsequent early operationalization, onagreed terms, of economic, social andenvironmental vulnerability indices andrelated indicators as tools for theachievement of the sustainable developmentof the small island developing States;

(j) Assist small island developingStates in mobilizing adequate resourcesand partnerships for their adaptationneeds relating to the adverse effects ofclimate change, sea level rise and climatevariability, consistent with commitmentsunder the United Nations FrameworkConvention on Climate Changes, whereapplicable;

(k) Support efforts by small islanddeveloping States to build capacities andinstitutional arrangements to implementintellectual property regimes;

59. Support the availability of adequate,affordable and environmentally soundenergy services for the sustainabledevelopment of small island developingStates by, inter alia:

(a) Strengthening ongoing andsupporting new efforts on energy supplyand services, by 2004, including throughthe United Nations system and partnershipinitiatives;

(b) Developing and promoting efficientuse of sources of energy, includingindigenous sources and renewable energy,and building the capacities of smallisland developing States for training,technical know-how and strengtheningnational institutions in the area ofenergy management;

60. Provide support to SIDS to developcapacity and strengthen:

(a) Health-care services for promotingequitable access to health care;

(b) Health systems for making availablenecessary drugs and technology in asustainable and affordable manner to fightand control communicable and non-communicable diseases, in particular HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, diabetes, malaria anddengue fever;

(c) Efforts to reduce and manage wasteand pollution and building capacity formaintaining and managing systems todeliver water and sanitation services, inboth rural and urban areas;

(d) Efforts to implement initiativesaimed at poverty eradication, which havebeen outlined in section II of the presentdocument.

61. Undertake a full and comprehensivereview of the implementation of theBarbados Programme of Action for theSustainable Development of Small IslandDeveloping States in 2004, in accordancewith the provisions set forth in GeneralAssembly resolution S-22/2, and in thiscontext requests the General Assembly atits fifty-seventh session to considerconvening an international meeting for thesustainable development of small islanddeveloping States.

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