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Global AIS Unit 7. For your reference New Markets and Towns Created because of the revival of...
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Transcript of Global AIS Unit 7. For your reference New Markets and Towns Created because of the revival of...
RENAISSANCEGlobal AIS Unit 7
MAP AND TIMELINE
For your reference
THE RISE OF CAPITALISM
EFFECTS OF THE CRUSADES ON THE ECONOMY New Markets and Towns
Created because of the revival of trade after the Crusades
Remember: How did the Crusades revitalize trade?
End of Feudalism Freed serfs left the manors and moved to
cities and towns Remember: Many serfs joined the Crusades
Money economy (capitalism) replaced land ownership Land was no longer the best to thing to have Why? Because it’s no longer necessary to be self-
sufficient
THE COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION Commercial Revolution
A “change” from a feudal economy to money (market) economy
Remember: What was the Neolithic Revolution? Market Economy
Price is determined by two things Demand for a product (how popular it is) Supply available (how much there is)
CapitalismEconomic system based on using capital
(investment money)Prices are determined by the market (trends,
necessities)
THE COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION CONT’D Rise of the Middle Class
Before there wasn’t a middle class: people were either rich or poor
Created in the new townsMade of business people: merchants,
bankers, and craftsmen Guilds
Business organizations created to promote and protect a certain trade (craft) in a community or region Created by the middle class to help them
maintain their status in the town/society
“INTERNATIONAL” TRADE Hanseatic League
Northern Europe-Baltic Sea The big circle by Sweden on your map Organization of trading merchants from large cities
in Northern Europe Reaction to the success and domination of Italians
in the south Italian City-States
Southern Europe-Mediterranean Sea Dominated trade between Asia and Europe Main cities: Venice, Genoa, Naples Very independent Remember: What classical civilization had city-
states?
HUMANISM AND A REBIRTH OF LEARNING IN EUROPE
RENEWED INTEREST IN LEARNING People became more creative and
began to look at things from a different perspective
In the Dark Ages, monks were the most literate people. Pictures and art were used to teach people in the church.
During the Renaissance, more people got an education and became CURIOUS about the world.
RENEWED INTEREST CONT’D Greek and Roman Learning
Reborn in Europe Art, Philosophy, Literature, Science
Asian Learning Asian ideas spread to Europe through TRADE
with Muslims (cultural diffusion!) Navigation, Science, Medicine
Monastic System Same as the Middle Ages (monks in
monasteries) Preserved and spread old and new learning Began new universities
Where many of the non-monks learned!
WHY THE RENAISSANCE BEGAN IN ITALY Italy’s GREAT location led them to
become great tradersOn the Mediterranean SeaCentral in Southern EuropeClose to the Muslim Empire and Asia
Trade led to great wealthThroughout history, trade centers naturally
become wealthy
WHY THE RENAISSANCE BEGAN IN ITALY CONT’D Wealth led to many patrons (a person
who supports an artist or thinker)Picked people who they felt had talent
Patrons led to great universities and works of artWould give money to universities to
encourage subjects they thought were important
Sponsored artists so they could create without their own income
WHY THE RENAISSANCE BEGAN IN ITALY CONT’D Florence, Italy
Center of the Renaissance artistic worldGrew from the support of the Medici family
(a VERY wealthy family)
HUMANISM
HUMANISM Humanism
The intellectual and artistic movement during the Renaissance
Focused more on everyday life (secular) Secular
Not church-relatedPart of the everyday world
HUMANISM IN ART Theme: everyday man
Painted/sculpted normal people as opposed to the Bible Stories and saints in art from the Middle Ages
PerspectivePainting technique used to make images
look more realisticGoal was a 3-dimensional image
HUMANISM IN ART CONT’D Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
“Renaissance Man” Could do many things really well
Famous Paintings: Mona Lisa, The Last Supper
Scientist, obsessed with anatomy Dissected a body to improve his paintings
Mirror Writing Famous for writing fluently in a way that could
only be read in a mirror Inventor
Invented things that were way before his time
Paintings
Inventions
The identity of the woman in the Mona Lisa has never been discovered.
Scientist
HUMANISM IN ART CONT’D Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564)
Great sculptor and painterSculpted the statue of DavidPainted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in
Venice
Sistine Chapel
David
HUMANISM IN LITERATURE Characteristics
Wrote less about religion and more about everyday life
Wrote to entertain peopleWrote in the vernacular
VernacularThe local everyday language of the people
Italian, French, Spanish, etc…Latin: language of the church
HUMANISM IN LITERATURE CONT’D Dante Alighieri
Italian writerWrote in vernacular (Italian, not Latin)Most famous work: Divine Comedy
Put a human touch on heaven and hell Story of himself walking through those places
“Do not be afraid; our fateCannot be taken from us; it is a gift.”
“In the middle of the journey of our life I found myself within a dark woods where the straight way was lost.”
“There is no greater sorrow then to recall our times of joy in wretchedness.”
Dante’s Circles of Hell1: Limbo2: Lust3: Gluttony4: Greed5: Anger6: Heresy7: Violence 8: Fraud9: Treachery
HUMANISM IN LITERATURE CONT’D Cervantes
Spanish writerMost famous work: Don Quixote
Poked fun at traditions, such as knighthood, chivalry, and nobles
“Finally, from so little sleeping and so much reading, his brain dried up and he went completely out of his mind.”
Too much sanity may be madness. And maddest of all, to see life as it is and not as it should be.”
“Virtue is persecuted by the wicked more than it is loved by the good.”
HUMANISM IN LITERATURE CONT’D William Shakespeare
English writerWrote plays and sonnetsFocused on everyday emotions, situations,
and lifeHis storylines are still being used today
The Lion King: Hamlet 10 Things I Hate About You: Taming of the Shrew She’s The Man: Twelfth Night Warm Bodies: Romeo and Juliet
“The fool doth think he is wise, but the wise man knows himself to be a fool.” ― William Shakespeare, As You Like It
“Love all, trust a few, do wrong to none.” ― William Shakespeare, All's Well That Ends Well
“Be not afraid of greatness. Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and others have greatness thrust upon them.” ― William Shakespeare, Twelfth Night
“The fault, dear Brutus, is not in our stars, but in ourselves.” ― William Shakespeare, Julius Caesar
“This above all: to thine own self be true, And it must follow, as the night the day, Thou canst not then be false to any man.” ― William Shakespeare, Hamlet
Poor Yorick from Hamlet
RENAISSANCE TECHNOLOGY Printing Press (1450)
Invented by Johann GutenbergMade books available to and affordable for
the masses People started reading more than the Bible
Dramatically increased the collective knowledge of Europe
Considered by many to be the most important innovation in history