Ohta, Goto, Empirical Shear Wave Velocity Equations in Terms of Characteristic Soil Indexes
GISP 2003 / Khon Keaen, Thailand1 Summary and Follow on of GAME- Siberia Activity Takeshi OHTA...
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Transcript of GISP 2003 / Khon Keaen, Thailand1 Summary and Follow on of GAME- Siberia Activity Takeshi OHTA...
GISP 2003 / Khon Keaen, Thailand 1
Summary and Follow on of
GAME- Siberia ActivityTakeshi OHTA
Nagoya University, JAPAN
FORSGC, JAPAN
GISP 2003 / Khon Keaen, Thailand 2
Activities Water and energy exchanges above typical land surface
/ cross cutting studies Key words; Phenology, Tree ages, Permafrost, Snowmelt water
Water balance in the Lena river basin Key words; spatial distribution, permafrost
Modeling of water and energy exchange Key words; winter processes
Regional distribution of the fluxes obtained from the airplane observations -> ABL/AAN
Date set Key words; Dataset CD-ROM
Domestic workshop including not only GAME-Siberia but also other projects related to Siberian regions Key words; High-speed information exchanges
GISP 2003 / Khon Keaen, Thailand 3
Water and energy exchanges Importance of phenology
There was a difference between these two forest types in spring seasons.
Effects of tree ages and tree species There was no differences between the young and old stands,
and larch and pine forets. Role of permafrost
Permafrost was buffer of the annual variation of precipitation for evapotranspiration.
Role of snow melt water Release of latent heat caused by refreezing of snowmelt wate
r was important for the increase of soiltemp.
GISP 2003 / Khon Keaen, Thailand 4
Water balance and runoff characteristics in the Lena river basin There was a significant difference
of water budget in the Lena river basin.
Direct runoff characteristics changed according to the seasonal variation of permafrost thawing depth.
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Dir
ect r
unof
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Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep.
Figure 9. Seasonal change in direct runoff ratio.
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essi
on g
radi
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May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep.
Figure 11. Seasonal changes in recession gradient.
1st-comp.2nd-comp.3rd-comp.
GISP 2003 / Khon Keaen, Thailand 5
Modeling of water and energy exchange
The winter processes, e.g. snow interception loss, were slotted into the basic land surface model. Solid water storage on the canopy is assumed to be about five
times of rainfall storage. The role of snow interception might be important for water and energy cycle in the boreal zone.
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15-Apr 14- J ul 12-Oct 10- J an 10-Apr 9- J ul 7-Oct
Liqu
id w
ater
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rage
(m
m)
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Sol
id w
ater
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LiquidSolid
GISP 2003 / Khon Keaen, Thailand 6
Date set The dataset CD obtained from
GAME-Siberia was published in November, 2003. The CD is delivered during this meeting.
GISP 2003 / Khon Keaen, Thailand 7
Domestic workshop including other projects related to Siberian regions A number of project, e.g. IGBP, Fluxnet, promoted b
y Japanese foundation are operated in eastern Siberia. It is necessary to implement high-speed information exchanges.
Domestic WS Objectives
Summarizing the results obtained from GAME-Siberia Information exchanges among the science projects in Siberia
Date and Place 17 – 19 Dec., 2004 Tokyo
GISP 2003 / Khon Keaen, Thailand 8
Follow on -Major topics unsolved in GAME-Siberis- The effects of plant (forest) ecosystem and physiology
Ecological effect: stand structure (e.g. LAI, Stand density, Crown Projection) aerodyanamics, energy balance on the floors and so on.
Physioligical effects canopy conductance vs environment vs tree species
The winter processes Snow interception Heterogeneity of micrometeorological condition snow/permafrost thawing
Long-term variations Warming issue Land use change
GISP 2003 / Khon Keaen, Thailand 9
Follow on -Project and/or Program- Frontier Observational Research System for Global Change -
FORSGC - Winter processes, Regional systems, Long-term monitoring 1999 -
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology - CREST-
The effects of biosphere on the water, energy an carbon cycles in boreal forest zone
2002 - 2007 Northern Eurasian Earth Science Partnership Initiative - NEESPI -
An umbrella project for a number of project in northern Eurasia 2003 – By NASA and RAS
GISP 2003 / Khon Keaen, Thailand 10
-FORSGC – cooperation with CREST Landsurface conditions related with the e
nergy cycle and their long-term monitoring Long-term monitoring of soil temp. and soil mo
isture Changes on permaforst cased by the warming
issue and landuse change Water and energy exchanges in boreal fo
rest during the winter season Snow/permafrost thawing characteristics Snow interception loss
Runoff processes in Siberian region Modeling of the above processes Data-base of the boreal zone FORSGC Study
Area
GISP 2003 / Khon Keaen, Thailand 11
- CREST – cooperation with FORSGC
Plant physiological effects Responses of canopy conductance to environmental variab
les Climatic conditions and tree species and/or forest types
Forest ecological effects Canopy structure and aerodynamic characteristics Evapotranspiration from forest floors Winter processes
Spatial & temporal distributions of physiological and ecological effects What is the controlling factors for these distributions?
Modeling of physiological/ecological effects in the landsurface skeam Estimating of on water/energy/carbon exchanges caused b
y the biosphere changes under the global changes
CREST Study Line
GISP 2003 / Khon Keaen, Thailand 12
- NEESPI - NEESPI’s Role
To provide the “framework” for developing an integrated understanding of the Earth system for this part of the globe
NEESPI’s Goal Establish a large scale, interdisciplinary program b
etween the ecosystem, atmosphere and human dynamics
Develop a science plan, initially based on U.S. & Russia Earth Science research funding
Assess institution, information and infrastructure resources in Russia & other northern Eurasia
Prepare research proposal Develop international agreements that facilitate joi
nt research Implement a high-speed information and data exc
hange networkNEESPI Study Area