Gis tutorial2013
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Transcript of Gis tutorial2013
![Page 1: Gis tutorial2013](https://reader038.fdocuments.in/reader038/viewer/2022102805/555c3dc5d8b42a0b038b4c03/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Intro to ArcGIS
Yoast 2013
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Overview
• What is GIS?• Common uses• Software• Interface & navigation• Adding layers• Customizing &
displaying layers
• Select features by attribute
• Select features by location
• Buffer features tool• Layout view• Datums & projections• File management• Data sources
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What is GIS?
• Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a computer-based methodology for collecting, managing, analyzing, modeling, and presenting geographic or spatial data.
• Allows you to overlay datasets and query them in terms of their spatial relation to each other
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Two Types of Spatial Data
• Raster - continuous data– E.G., air photos, scanned maps, elevation layers – Most remote sensing data is raster data
• Vector - discrete features– A layer comprised of individual points, lines or
polygons (e.g., roads or states)– This presentation focuses on vector data
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Common Uses
• Analyzing potential environmental hazards• Emergency services planning and routing• Siting new facilities: – wind farms– power plants– vineyards
• Identifying food deserts in urban areas• Much more!
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Esri
• Environmental Systems Research Institute• ESRI is now Esri• Industry leader for GIS software• Program is ArcGIS/ArcMap– Now up to version 10.1.
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Table of contents that shows the doc’s layers.
The “data frame” that displays the spatial data.
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Go to full map extent
Go to previous extent
Go to next extent
Select features (by hand)
Clear selected features
Select elements (to move or edit)
Identify feature
Add data
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Project: Identify Washington County Parcels
Near Perennial Streams
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Add Layers
• States (Census Bureau)• Counties (Census Bureau)• Hydrography (Area - National Hydrography Dat
aset)• Parcels (Washington County – Wash_Co_Data
_Month_Year.zip)• Public lands (GeoStor)
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Click to add data
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Coordinate Systems
• All your layers may not necessarily use the same coordinate system.– OK to draw and display– Not OK for detailed analysis
(need to reproject layers – advanced step)• Data frame will use the coordinate system of the
first layer that’s added – (displays feet, meters, or decimal degrees/lat/long of
cursor location in bottom-right corner, depending on coordinate system)
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View With All Layers Added
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Zoomed to Washington County
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State layer renamed
Rename States Layer
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Open the Attribute Table
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Customizing Layers
Select by Attribute Tool
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Selection is Highlighted
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New Layer is Added to Map
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Arkansas Only Remaining State
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Changing the Display of Layers
• Change symbology/colors• Turn individual layers on or off • Change the display order
– Layers on map display according to their order in the table of contents
– Top layers may hide features in layers under them
– Click & drag a layer in the table of contents to change its display order on the map
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Change the Display Order
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Change Symbology of Layers
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Change Color of Streams
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New Symbologies Displayed
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Clip Streams to Washington County
Clip Tool
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Access Clip in Geoprocessing Menu
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Clip Tool Dialog Box
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Clip Tool Progress Indicator
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Clip Completed Indicator
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Change Symbology of New Clipped Hydro Layer
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New Clipped File Looks Great!
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Analysis
• We will find parcels that:
– Contain perennial streams
And note their status in the parcel layer’s attribute table.
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Add New Columns to Attribute Table
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Field Types
Whole Numbers• Short Integer
(integers from -32,768 to 32,767)
• Long Integer (integers from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647)
Decimals• Double
(up to 6 decimal places)
• Float (unlimited # of decimal places)
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Task: Select Parcels with a Perennial Stream
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View Selected in Attribute Table
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View Selected Records Only
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Task: Select Parcels in a “flood Zone” Within a Distance of Perennial Streams
• Use the buffer tool to draw a “buffer zone” around specified features
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Manage Files with ArcCatalog
• File manager for files used in ArcMap
• Best to manage moving pieces this way, instead of Windows Explorer
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ArcCatalog Window
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Use ArcCatalog to View Metadata
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Share Maps and Layers with Packages
• Package up all the information used to create a layer or map document for easy sharing by email, a shared drive on the LAN, etc.
• Right-click a layer in the TOC and select “Create Layer Package”
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Share a Map Package
• To package up an entire map document for sharing, use File | Create Map Package
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ArcMap will force you to create some limited metadata before creating a sharable package. Click OK.
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Creating Packages
• Save the package as a file and share as you usually would
• You must “validate” your package before saving
– Detects any errors that would impede sharing
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Validation
• Any errors need to be corrected. Click on any error messages to see a help document.
• Warnings are warnings only – can go ahead and publish.
• If no problems, the share button will become active.
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What Else Can You Do with GIS?
• Join stats based on geography (i.e., states) to a states GIS layer and view the data spatially– Excel, CSV, text formats
• Create/digitize your own data
• import GPS data
• Analyze viewsheds and shadows
• Use web map services for mashups in your own applications
• Much more!
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GIS Software at University of Arkansas
• Reference desk machine (version 10.1)
• Campus-wide license – administered by the Center for Advanced Spatial Technologies (CAST)
• Free software
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Sources of GIS Data
• Search for selected base layers (reference maps) from right within the application
• GeoStor (Arkansas state portal)• geo.data.gov (federal portal)• National Map (USGS)• TIGER/Census Shapefiles (reference layers –
boundaries, roads)
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LibGuide
• The Maps, GIS and Remote Sensing LibGuide can point you to:
– Information on how to get Esri software through the campus license
– Resources for learning GIS– Sources of GIS data (spatial and attribute)
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Good luck!
Thank you!