Gioi Tri Thuc Binh Luan Ve Duc Phat Va Giao Ly Cua Ngai - TK Thich Quang Bao Dich

8/3/2019 Gioi Tri Thuc Binh Luan Ve Duc Phat Va Giao Ly Cua Ngai - TK Thich Quang Bao Dich

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THCH QUNG BOSu tm & chuyn dch

GII TR THC BNH LUN V C PHT&

GIO L CA NGISome Praises on the Buddha and His Teachings

Pht lich 2544-2000Ngun

http://thuvienhoasen.orgChuyn sang ebook 25-7-2009

Ngi thc hin : Nam Thin [email protected] Audio Ti Website http://www.phatphaponline.org

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Gii Thiu

c Pht ra i v thuyt php v hnh phc v an lc cho s ng.Nhng li dy ca Ngi cho con ngi ch nhm vo hai mc tiu chnh:kh v dit kh. Ngi khng tranh lun vi i. Ngi ch thuyt php, nu

bt s kin kh au i v ch by cho con ngi cch thc on tr khau.

c Pht khng khuyn khch mi ngi theo Ngi ch v nim tin sung.c li li khuyn ca Ngi cho Sha, v tng qun ngi Licchav, Upli,v gia ch ni ting ca x s Nalanda v nhng li dy dnh cho cc vKlma x Kesaputta, chng ta thy r nhn cch ln ca bc o s v tinhthn t do t tng ht sc cao c ca Gio l Ngi. Chn l khng l cquyn ca ngi no. Chn l khng c ng v ng s. Ngi ta khng nnkhng quyt rng ch c iu mnh theo l ng ngoi ra l h vng. cPht khng bao gi ni hy tin ta, nhng Ngi bo hy n m thy(Ehibhikkhu). "Hy t mnh thp uc ln m i" l khu hiu t do thmst chn l trong o Pht. S tht thch thc kh nng tm ti, khm ph

ca mi c nhn ch khng yu cu lng tin ca mi ngi.

c Pht l th v gio l ca Ngi l th. Lch s ca loi ngi l lch sca s tm kim v thc nghim s tht. Hy cho s tht t hin l trcmt mi ngi. Ngi con Pht ng gia s ch trch v tn thn hy hctheo cch ca bc o s, khng gin gi hay vui mng m hy gi tm tht khch quan t thng tin tu gic. Tp sch Gii tr thc bnh lun
http://phatphaponline.org/kinh/Audio/Thuyet%20Phap/PG%20Va%20Tuoi%20Tre/http://phatphaponline.org/kinh/Audio/Thuyet%20Phap/PG%20Va%20Tuoi%20Tre/


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v c Pht v gio l ca Ngi do Tng sinh Qung Bo su tm vchuyn dch c th gip cho ngi con Pht thc tp thi khch quan khing trc s ch trch hay tn thn ca ngi khc. Vic lm ny ca Tngsinh l mt n lc xng ng c tn thn v khuyn khch.

Hc vin Pht gio Vit Namti Thnh ph H Ch Minh

Vin trngHa thng Thch Minh Chu.

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Li Ni u

Nhng ai xem vic thay i tn gio hay chp nhn mt tn gio mi lnu tin th s lm mt iu g c th c mt nh hng su sc v cuci ca h. khng phi l mt iu g phi c t b mt cch hp tp,vi v, hoc l n c t b di s nh hng ca nhng cm xc tnhcm khi t n tt nh. Nu chn l phi c khm ph, th thi gian phic din ra, tt c nhng s kin phi c xem xt, v vn phi ccht vn v nhng kin khc nhau phi c xem xt, tho lun. Chng tac gng lm tt c nhng iu ny, trc khi a ra nhng quyt nh quantrng nht trong cuc i ca chng ta, do vy, ti sao chng ta khng nn

thc thi chng trc khi a ra nhng quyt nh quan trng nht trong cuci ca chng ta lin quan n tn ngng tn gio ca chnh mnh?

Chp nhn kin ca ngi khc mt cch m qung v khng thc mc sl mt s ngu xun, nhng lm ng kin ca h cng l mt s ngcnghch. Tr tu v kinh nghim ca nhng ngi khc, c bit l bc tr, cth gip chng ta lm su sc thm s hiu bit ca chng ta v a chng tan mt v tr tt hn chn la mt gii php ng hn. Vi s m rngca tri thc Pht gio trong khong hn trm nm qua, mt s ng gii trthc phng Ty, k c nhiu v lnh gii Nobel ha bnh, by t mt s

quan tm su sc v ngng m tn gio c i ny. Ch c mt s t thc str thnh Pht t. Mt s do b n tng bi li t duy trong sng v hp lca o Pht, s khc bi s khoan dung lng nh nhn ca tn giony. Mt s b ngc nhin bi gio l ca tn gio ny rt ging vi nhng

pht minh ca khoa hc hin i, trong khi s khc li b thu ht bi tngv i sng lun l o c m khng cn tin vo mt ng Thng y


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quyn nng. Nhng li trch dn c thu thp trong cun sch nh ny thts ng quan tm v mt s l do sau:

Trc ht, nhng li trch dn ny cho thy s hp dn ph qut ca Phtgio, m y li l li pht biu ca nhng nh tm l, nh th, trit gia vnh ton hc. C phi chng li dy ca mt con ngi sng t lu vnc th thch hp v c ngha i vi mt nh khoa hc nh Einstein, mtnh th nh Eliot hoc mt trit gia nh Rusell? Li na, nhng li trch dnny ni nhiu v nhng ngi vit ra chng nh h lm g cho chnho Pht.Chng ta c nhng g m mt s t tng gia c u c v i trong thii ca chng ta phi ni v quan im ca Pht gio v ly tham, khngchp th v tnh thng, v yu t duy l trong o Pht v v vai tr v av ca c Pht trong lch s nhn loi. H so snh Pht gio vi nhng tn

gio khc, lm ni bt s cao v yu t l tr ca tn gio ny v chochng ta bit c nhng nh hng ln lao ca n i vi nn tm l hchin i. Hy vng rng nhng g c ni trong cun sch nh ny s lmcho c gi c ng c nhn su hn na v nhng li dy ca c Pht, vnu tho mn v mt tm linh hy ng dng nhng nguyn tc ny vo isng thc tin. Thit ngh y l mt cng trnh c gi tr nghin cu v rthu dng i vi nhng ai khi nghin cu o Pht. Hn na, nhng litrch dn trong tp cch ny l nhng ngun dn chng qu gi i vinhng ai mun nghin cu v vit lch v nhng ti lin quan n Phtgio v nhng lnh vc khc.

Tuy nhin, do y l mt tp sch mang tnh cht su tm nhng ngun tliu nm ri rc trong cc ngun t liu dng nguyn bn Anh ng, cngnh mt s t liu c dch sang Vit ng, ngi dch xin co li cngvi qu c gi trong vn sp xp nhng li pht biu theo th t tngtc gi hay theo tng ch khc nhau lin quan n gio l v cuc i cac Pht. cui phn tp sch nh ny, ngi dch xin trch dn nguyn

bn tc phm "Buddhism In The Eyes Of Intellectuals" ca i lo Hothng K. Sri Dhammananda, mt v Ho thng ngi Tch Lan c cng

rt ln trong cng vic hng truyn Pht php ti Min in v cng l mtnh Pht hc c rt nhiu nh hng n gii nghin cu Pht hc tn thi.Nhn y, Ngi dch xin by t tm lng bit n i vi Ha thng Vintrng Thch Minh Chu, ngi hy sinh c cuc i mnh v s nghipgio dc n hu hc chng con. Thnh knh dng ln Thng ta Bn s,ngi c cng gio dng con nn ngi, thnh qu hc tp ny vi ttc tm lng qu knh ca ngi t. Cui cng, xin chn thnh tri n s


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ch gio ca cc bc cao minh tp sch nh ny ngy cng hon chnhhn.

Qung c, Xun Canh ThnDch gi Thch Qung Bo

Do , trong thi i ngy nay, hu ht nhng tn gio khc th mi v trkhi c so snh vi tn gio ng knh ny, mt tn gio cha ng trongn s v tn ca nim hy vng ton cu, s bt t ca tnh thng khng b

bn, mt yu t bt hoi ca nim tin v s tuyt m, v s qu quyt t honht v quyn t do gii thot nhn loi.

y hoa n r trn cy nhn loi bng n qua v s nm

Lm th gii chan ha hng thm tr tuV mt ngt tnh thng.Sir Edwin Arnold (1832-1904), Nh th, nh bo ngi Anh, v tc gi cun"nh sng chu"

Nhng li dy ca thi t ngi n thc s khng c g lay chuyntrc nhng pht minh hin i ca khoa hc Ngn t s khng lm choti hiu nu ti c gng by t s cn thit m ti ngh tri thc ca nim tinv trit l cao siu ca tn gio ny lm cho sinh ng thm ch ngha vtcht ca Ty phng l, trong bt k tnh hung no, mt chn l

lm nh hng khng ch i vi nhng t tng gia v i v hng v nhtca Hy Lp v La M m cn lm nhng c s khi u cho nn tng ca ttng C c gio-m Pht gio ra i trc tn gio ny khong 500n 600 nm. Tn gio ny c th tuyn b kt bn tt p cng ngun gcvi nhng tn gio ln, m khng c s hnh quyt v p buc nhng ngithuc tn gio khc Pht gio, v nhng l do ny c th chng kin ddng trong chnh gio l ca tn gio ny.

L. Adam Beck, mt nh l hnh v mt hc gi ngi Hoa K.

i vi tn C c gio, th tnh yu l c tnh ti thng; nhng i vitn Pht gio, th li l tr tu bi v h cho rng v minh l ngun gcca tt c nhng ti li. ng thi, tnh yu cng c xp ln hngcao.Khoan dung v lng t, c hai c cn c tn c s tr tu Pht gio,c l l nguyn nhn chnh gii thch ti sao con ng Trung o ca cPht C m truyn b t th h ny sang th h khc hn 2500 nm qua.


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Sir Charles Bell KCIE, CMG (1870-1945), nh ngoi giao v nh bin sont in ngi Anh.

Thng ip ca c Pht v chn l, ha bnh, t bi v khoan dung rt lthch hp i vi x hi ngy nay cng nh nhiu th k trc y. Thigian tri qua lm cho nhng nh sng cng ta sng hn. S lan trn cach ngha vt cht v s theo ui nhng thnh t ca c nhn bt chp migi lm xi mn nhng si dy tht cht tnh huynh v tnh cng ng.Trong nhng tnh hung ny, iu cn thit v quan trng i vi chng ta lnh li v truyn b thng ip v t bi v tr tu ca c Pht m hnth c th c thay th bng tnh thng, xung t bng ha bnh an lc, vs i u bng hp tc ln nhau.

Tin s Amadou-Mahta M'Bow-Ch tch t chc UNESCO.Ch c mt trong tt c cc tn gio ln lm cho ti hp dn l Pht gio;v l, nh s hiu bit ca ti v tn gio ny, ng hn l mt h thngtrit hc ca th gii, v mt trit l sng i vi nhng ngi u t chnh thnh ni tn gio ny, ch khng phi l mt tn gio xt theo ngha thng thng ca ngn t.

CD Broad (1887-1971), trit gia ngi Anh.

Cuc cch mng gn y ca con ngi c l bt u vi s tin b cao cachn tay, v s la chn mt b no, c bit thng tho thao tc ca i bntay. Chng ta cm thy vui mng v iu trong nhng hnh ng camnh, vi kt qu l i vi gii ngh thut, bn tay l mt biu tng chnhyu; chng hn bn tay ca c Pht, ban tng cho con ngi mn qu calng nhn o trong mt t th tch lng, mn qu ca s v u. J. Bronowski (1908-1974), mt tc gi v trit gia, khoa hc gia ngi HoaK.

Cho d ngi phng Ty ln u n vi gio l o Pht m h vn d

quen vi khoa hc hin i, hay nhng thut ng chuyn mn ca o Cc gio, anh ta nn lun lun ghi nh trong tm mnh rng c Pht khngquan tm s hin hu hay khng hin hu ca mt ng quyn nng ti cao,hoc l nhng mnh trit hc tru tng khc. iu Ngi quan tm duynht l con ng, con ng thc t, qua con ngi c th chm dtnhng kh au ca mnh trong kip ny v mai sau.


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Marie b. Byles (1900-1979), mt tc gi v nh leo ni ngi c.

Thng ip ca c Pht v t bi v s tn tm, nhit tnh trong cng vicphc v cho nhn loi cng thch hp hn trong x hi ngy nay hn bao giht trong lch s nhn loi. Ha bnh, s hiu bit v mt cch nhn vtkhi nhng hn ch thun tu trong phm vi quc gia th cng cp bch hni vi thi i bt an, thin v v kh ht nhn.

Javier Perez De Cuellar, nh ngoi giao ca Peru, v Tng Th k ca LinHp Quc.

Ngi ta khng th t chi rng v p thc s ca ng phng trongnhiu thnh ng m gii Pht t s dng; v rng c c s thc s cho snhit tnh khin h pht sinh. Cha bao gi trong lch s ca th gii mt k

hoch nh th li c vch ra, qu t do thot khi nhng tc nhn ca mtng siu nhin, qu c lp, thm ch rt i khng vi nim tin v mt linhhn, nim tin vo mt Thng , v hy vng mt kip sng tng lai.Cho d nhng iu ny l ng hay sai, l mt im chuyn i tronglch s tn gio ca con ngi khi m mt nh ci cch, hon ton y nhit tm nht v nhng mc tiu lun l o c v c o to trong ttc nn vn ha tri thc trong thi i ca v y, a ra mt cch thntrng, cn nhc, v vi mt tri thc c nhng quan im chng li hcthuyt ca s cu ri c tm thy y, ngay trong kip sng ny, trongmt tri tim tm hn thay i bn trong.

D l Pht t hay khng phi, ti xem xt mi mt h thng ca tt c cctn gio ln trn th gii, v ti khng tm thy tn gio no c th vt quaci p v tnh ton din ca gio l Bt thnh o v T thnh ca cPht. Ti bng lng xy dng cuc i mnh theo con ng .Gio s T.W. Rhys Davids (1843-1922), nh bin tp t in ng phngv ngi u tin nm chc Ch nhim khoa Tn gio so snh ca Trngi hc Anh quc.

Cng nh nhng bc thy khc cng thi i Ngi, c Pht ging dythng qua nhng cuc hi thoi, bi din thuyt, v nhng hnh nh n d.Bi v Ngi chng bao gi ny ra suy ngh, so vi ng Christ hoc lSocrates, em hc thuyt ca Ngi vit thnh vn bn, Ngi tm ttnhng li thuyt ging y thnh nhng b kinh nhm mc ch nhc nhcho chng ta ghi nh nhng g Ngi dy. Nh c ch v t Ngi botn cho chng ta ngy nay, nhng bi kinh ny v tnh v cho chng ta mt


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nhn vt c trng nht trong lch s n : mt con ngi vi ch vngh lc mnh m, quyn uy v t ho, danh ting, nhng c mt nhn cchnh nhn t nh v ngn t hin ha t i, v mt lng t tm v bin. Ngituyn b s gic ng gii thot nhng khng c mt s khu gi; Ngikhng bao gi gi v rng mt v thin thn ang ni chuyn vi Ngi.Trong tranh lun, Ngi kin nhn v trung dung hn bt k nhng v o skhc ca nhn loi.

Ging nh c Khng Phu T v Christ, Ngi mong mun chuyn ha cthnh thin, tnh thng thay hn th; v Ngi hon ton im lng trcnhng s hiu lm v nhc m ca k khc Khng ging nh hu ht cc

bc Thnh khc, c Pht c mt c hi hc, v bit rng hin tng siuhnh hc m khng c hnh ng l s ku cng.

Will Durant (1885-1981), mt s gia ngi M v ngi ot gii thngPulitzer.

Nhng s cun ht ca Eliot n vi Pht gio khng ch n gin l l doca h thng trit l ca tn gio ny. Nit-bn l s dp tt hon ton catham, sn, si; s on dit hon ton tham i, t do gii thot khi s chpth. S chuyn ch ca o Pht th rt nghim khc nh nhng g m anhta tm thy trong Maurras, v mc d c l anh ta b cun ht bi Pht giocng v nhiu l do tng t, tn gio phng ng c nhng s gn blng mn cho nhng ai mun tch khi nhng s rng buc ca gia nh.

Peter Ackrayd bnh v nh th ngi Anh-T.S.Eliot (1888-1965).

Trong nhng tn gio v i nht trong lch s, ti thch Pht gio hn, cbit l Pht gio Nguyn thu, bi v tn gio ny khng c nhng yu tngc i, khng b. Pht gio l mt s kt hp gia nn trit l t bin vkhoa hc. Pht gio tn thnh nhng phng php khoa hc v tip tc theoui mc ch v c th c gi l mt tn gio l tr. Trong tn giony chng ta tm thy cu tr li cho nhng cu hi nh: "Danh v sc l g?Ci no quan trng hn ci no? Th gii v v tr c chuyn ng n mtmc tiu no hay khng? a v ca con ngi l g ? Liu c mt isng thnh thin hay khng?" Pht gio du dt n nhng ni m khoa hckhng th a n bi v nhng gii hn trong vic s dng nhng cng cca khoa hc. Nhng i hi chnh l yu t tm.

Chnh bn thn ti khng th cm thy rng hoc l trong vn ca trtu hoc l trong vn ca c hnh m Cha l ngi i din cao nht


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trong lnh vc ny cng nh mt s ngi c bit trong lch s. Ti nghrng ti nn t c Pht v Socrates ln trn Cha i vi nhng s tnknh ny.

Bertrand Rusell (1872- 1970), nh ton hc, trit gia, hc gi v nh phbnh x hi ngi Anh.

Con ngi t b s v minh vng tng v mt ng Thng nh lmt ngi cha gip - nhng anh ta cng t b nhng mc ch chn thtca tt c nhng tn gio ln mang tnh nhn bn: vt qua nhng s giihn ca mt ci t ng ch k, t c tnh thng, mc ch v s khimnhng v tn trng s sng m mc ch ca cuc i c sng, vcon ngi tr li vi nhng tim nng n cha bn trong anh ta.y l nhng mc ch ca cc tn gio ln phng Ty, cng nh y l

nhng mc tiu ca cc tn gio ln phng ng. Tuy nhin, phngng th khng b nng bi nim v mt ng Thng siu nghim-mt ng cu th m cc tn gio nht thn thng cho l ti sn ca ringh.o gio v Pht gio xt v mt hp l v thit thc th siu vit hn nhngtn gio phng Ty. Hai tn gio ny c th xem xt con ngi mt cchthit thc v c mc ch, khng mt ai ngoi tr bc gic ng c th dndt con ngi v c th c dn dt ch ng bi v mi ngi u ctrong mnh kh nng gic ng v c gic ng.

y l l do qu him gii thch ti sao t tng ong phng, o gio,Pht gio v thin Pht gio m nhim mt vai tr quan trng nh th trongx hi phng Ty hin nay. Thin Pht gio gip cho con ngi tm ranhng gii p cho vn hin hu ca anh ta.

Nghch l thay, t tng tn gio ong phng ha ra thch hp hn i vit tng duy l phng Ty hn l chnh bn thn t tng tn gio TyPhng.Erich Fromm (1900-1980), mt trit gia x hi v nh phn tch tm lngi M.

C th c mt ngha ln lao trong s kin rng trit gia Pythagoras ti HyLp v c Pht ti Phng ng u xut hin cng lc vo th k th 6B.C. C hai Ngi u l nhng nh t tng v hot ng mnh bo v susc


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R.Buckminster Fuller (1895-1984), mt nh pht minh, trit gia v k sngi M.

L mt ngi nghin cu v tn gio t gio, ti tin tng o Pht l ohon ton nht m th gii c. Hc thuyt tin ha v lun hi cao phn bt c nim tin no khc. Khng phi lch s tn gio cng khng phil s nghin cu trit hc m chnh ngh nghip chuyn mn ca ti nh lmt bc s a ti ln u tin n th gii t tng Pht gio. Cng vicca ti l cha tr nhng kh au v mt tm thn v chnh iu ny ay ti lm quen vi quan im v phng php ca Bc thy v i canhn loi, m ti chnh yu l s kh au trin min, gi, bnh v cht.Bc s Carl C. Jung (1875-1961), tm l gia ngi Thy S v ngi snglp trng chuyn v nghnh tm l.

Li ging dy cn bn ca Ngi C m, nghin cu t ci gc ngy nay tr nn r rng v d hiu v hon ton ph hp vi nhng t tng tn tin.N vt khi tt c nhng s tranh chp, v l s thnh tu ca mt trongnhng ngun tr tu th nhp tuyt vi m th gii tng bit n.Hn ht mi nh hng trong bin nin s nhn loi, o Pht ng gpnhiu hn cho nhng s tin b ca nn vn minh th gii v nn vn haca nhn loi

H.G. Wells (1866-1946).

Ta nhp th bng tnh yu bt ngt, d cuc i vn qun qui thng au.Bt c ai nu chm ch c mt vi bi thuyt php ca c Pht cng snhn thy s nhp nhng, s yn tnh ca tm hn, s cao p vui ti, squyt tm khng my may lay chuyn, lng yu thng dt do v s kintr khng b bn.

Ni dung tr tu nhng li dy ca Ngi ch l mt phn s nghip ca Ngi,v na cn li l cuc i ca Ngi, i sng thc m Ngi sng, mt stu tp, s t tu tp tm linh cao nht m Ngi hon tt v em ra gingdy ni y. c Pht hon tt s tu tp tm linh cho chnh mnh vch t ca Ngi. Ngi xut mt mc ch v t c nhng ktqu m cc nh hnh ng chn chnh ni danh ca phng Ty phi ngm knh phc.

Herman Hesse (1877-1962), ngi ot gii thng Nobel vn chng.


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Chng hn nu chng ta thc mc liu v tr ca m in t ng yn, chngta phi tr li l khng; nu chng ta hi liu v tr ca m in t c thayi cng vi thi gian hay khng, chng ta phi tr li l khng; nu chngta hi rng liu m in t c yn ngh hay khng, chng ta phi tr li lkhng; nu hi m in t c di ng hay khng, chng ta phi tr li lkhng. c Pht cng tr li nh vy khi c hi v nhng iu kin v tng ca con ngi sau khi cht, nhng chng khng phi l nhng cu trli tng t i vi truyn thng ca nn khoa hc th k 17 v 18.Robert Oppenheimer, nh vt l hc, cha ca tri bom nguyn t u tinca Hoa K.

Ch ngha bi quan ym th by t thi tuyt vng i vi i sng, mt nim tng qut v m h rng i sng y dy kh au v ti li. Trongthc t, gio l nguyn thy ca c Pht cng lc quan nh bt lun ch

ngha lc quan no khc phng Ty. Ch trng rng Pht gio l "biquan" l ch p dng sung vo Pht gio nguyn tc c cch ca ngiphng Ty, theo khng th c hnh phc nu khng c t ng. NgiPht t chn chnh nhn tng lai vi tinh thn nhit thnh hng v hnh

phc trng cu.

Encyclopaedia of Britannica.

Tnh cht n ha ca dn tc n biu hin trn vn gio l ca c Pht.Pht gio truyn b tinh thn bt bo ng, tc l lng bi mn i vi tt c

chng sanh. i vi ngi c s Pht t, ch to v bun bn sng n, chtc, cht say, git hi cm th u l nhng gii khng nn phm.Aldous Huxley.

Chc chn c nhng l do ch trng rng ci "Ti" ngy hm nay v ci"Ti" ngy hm qua l mt, v ly mt th d hin nhin hn na, nucng mt lc, ti thy mt ngi v nghe ngi y ni th r rng l ci"Ti" nghe v ci "Ti" thy l mt.

Bertrand Russell-Religion and Science.

Tht khng phi qu ng khi qu quyt rng nh s trung gian ca ngiBa T m nhng ngi Hy Lp hiu k ng thi vi c Pht.. thunhp nhng kin thc t nhiu chnh xc v thi k vn ha cc thnh ca

phng ng.

Greek Thinkers- s gia Garbe.


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Nhng ai c trong mt gia tc hoc trong mt lng nm theo lu vcsng Hng (Ganges) tht l hu phc, v ni y dn chng sng trong tinhthn bc i, an lnh, trong tinh thn cng l cao thng, ni y dn chngc ht th mt th khng kh nh nhng, do nhng li gin d cht phcto nn Ta cng c th ni rng nhng ai sng trong mt gia nh hocmt lng nm trong lu vc sng Thames ngy nay cng khng km phnhu phc, v ni y gio l t bi gia ngi v ngi ca c Pht thm nhun i sng gia nh v x hi v lm cho nn lun l vngchc. Gio l vn cn r rng, y v thch hp vi ngi Anh hinnay, cng nh t bao gi, thch hp vi ngi n.

Gio s Rhys Davids.

c Pht l s hin thn ca tt c nhng c hnh m Ngi thuyt ging.

Trong sut cuc hnh trnh 45 nm y thnh cng v ng ghi nh caNgi, Ngi chuyn dch tt c nhng ngn t ca mnh thnh hnh ng;v khng c ch no m Ngi khng ni ht nhng khim khuyt ca conngi hoc l nhng s am m h lit thp hn. Nn tng lun l o cch yu ca c Pht l hon ho nht m th gii tng bit n.Gio s Max Muller, Hc gi ngi c.

Paul kt hp tnh yu vi lng tin v hy vng, v quan im ca ng ta vtnh yu lin quan n nim tin v hy vng: " Tnh yu, ng ta ni, l tintng tt c mi th v hy vng mi th." Theo ti, tnh yu khng c

ngha l tin tng vo tt c v hy vng tt c. Tnh yu sng sot khi s vmng, tht vng bt u v tip tc s tht vng, bun ru. Tnh yukhng phi l th tnh thng ngng hot ng khi khng c nim tin v hyvng. Min l khi no cn nim tin v hy vng h tr tnh yu th ch lmt th tnh yu tr con. Rng tnh yu l hnh phc d chu l mt chuynhoang ng mang tnh cht thi trang. c Pht bit rng tnh yu mang li"s tn thng v kh au, bun ru, tht vng, o no"; v Ngi khuynthi ly tham, khng chp th. Tnh yu m ti xem nh l mt c hnhth khng phi l mt th tnh yu m qung v ngi mnh yu hoc l

ngi mnh tin cy, mt tnh yu y hy vng ca Paul, nhng tnh yu m bit nhng g c Pht bit v vn yu, vi i mt m rng.Gio s Walter Kaufmann, trit gia ngi M.

Anh ta c nhiu sch v hiu su sc v kinh in Pht gio, phin dchkinh in sang Php ng, v thm ch vit tiu s ca c Pht. Nhng cnnguyn su xa khin cho anh ta quan tm thch th o Pht l s kin m


12/58

anh ta cm thy Pht gio mang li cho anh ta s cng c trc tip v ttng trit hc gii ta nhng s tht vng trong cuc sng ca anh taJack tun gi gii th nht trong o Pht hn tt c nhng th khc v pht

biu rng: "Tt c i l kh au".

Ann Charters.

Nu ti bit rng c Pht s thuyt ging y vo ngy mai, th trn thgian ny khng c mt th g c th ngn cn vic ti i n nghe Ngithuyt ging. V ti s theo Ngi cho n cng.

J.Krishnamurti, trit gia ngi n (1895-1986). Krishnamurti

Ngi n, ngi Aztec, v ngi M-hi-c xa! Tt c u lm cho tithch th v lm cho ti thch th trong nhiu nm qua, c mt sc quynr, v mt php thn diu i vi ti. Khng phi l c Pht. c Pht lmt con ngi qu hon ho v sung mn i vi ti.

D. H. Lawrence (1885-1930), tiu thuyt gia ngi Anh.

Ngy nay khoa hc ang th thch s hn ch ca b no con ngi, mt bno bao gm khong 10.000 triu t bo c kch thch xung in ctr tnh vi nhng bn nng ca lch s lu di ca chng ta v d tip thunhng kin mi d ng hay sai. Tng s nhng t bo ny cung cp cho

chng ta bit c c tnh lun thay i ca chng ta v s loi b tng phnbng cch gii phu hay thay i nhp bng s iu tr bt ng thay i nhncch ca chng ta

Bn thy r rng c Pht l mt con ngi gin n, tn tu, n chic,phn u t c nh sng tr tu, mt c nhn mang bn cht con ngisinh ng, ch khng phi l mt huyn thoi. Trong s cc truyn thuytthn k ti cng cm thy c mt con ngi, l c Pht. Ngi gi bcthng ip tiu biu cho tnh cch ca tn gio mnh cho ton th nhn loitrn khp ton cu. Nhiu t tng hin i tuyt vi nht ca chng ta ngy

nay rt hi ha vi gio l ca Ngi. Ngi dy tt c nhng kh au v sbt mn trong cuc sng l do ch k. ch k c 3 hnh thc. Mt l s thammun nhm tho mn nhng cm gic ca c nhn; hai l s kht i, haymun bt t; ba l tham vng c thnh cng v ca ci vt cht v thgian trn tc. Trc khi mt con ngi mun tr nn thanh tnh, anh ta phit b li sng cho nhng nhu cu dc vng ca chnh mnh. Sau , anh tami c th tr thnh mt bc v nhn. c Pht, ra i trc ng Christ,
http://thuvienhoasen.org/index-tacgia-krishnamurti.htmhttp://thuvienhoasen.org/index-tacgia-krishnamurti.htm


13/58

dng nhiu hnh thc ngn ng khc nhau ku gi con ngi hy sngvi c tnh v tha. Xt v mt s phng din, Ngi rt gn gi vi chngta v nhng nhu cu ca chng ta. Ngi rt minh bch hn Cha i vi tinhthn phc v con ngi, v khng m h v vn bt t ca c nhn.H.G. Wells

Nu chng ta ao c mun nhn thy con ngi thnh thin nht ca nhnloi, hy nhn v hong trong y phc ca mt ngi hnh kht; chnh l

Ngi m s thnh thin ca Ngi v i nht so vi tt c nhn loi.Abdul Atahiya thi nhn Hi gio.

Nu bt k vn no phi c xem xt, th vn y phi c xem xtmt cch hi ha an lc v dn ch nh phng php m c Pht dy.

Nehru

S khc bit gia c Pht v mt chng sanh tm thng th ging nh skhc bit gia mt ngi bnh thng v ngi in khng mt tr.Mt nh vn.

c Pht c th c d dng chn la nh l mt nhn vt c i as nhn loi tn knh nht.

Gio s Saunders, Tng th k vn ha Y.M.C.A, n , Min in vTch Lan.

c Pht v i hn tt c cc hc thuyt v tn iu khc, v thng ipvnh cu ca Ngi lm cho nhn loi rung ng qua nhiu thi i. C lkhng thi im no trong lch s qu kh nhn loi m thng ip v ha

bnh ca Ngi li cn thit hn cho nhn loi ang kh au v in cungnh th gii hin nay.

Nehru

Khi chng ta c nhng bi php ca c Pht, chng ta b cm kch bitinh thn l tr khoa hc ca Ngi. Con ng o c lun l ca Ngi,

ngay trong nhng bc u tin l nhng quan im ng n, mt ci nhnl tr. Ngi n lc nhm xua tan tt c nhng mng nhn ging mc lm nhhng n ci nhn v nh mnh ca nhn loi.

Tin s S. Radhakrishnan, c Pht C m


14/58

c im ni bt ng ch nht ca c Pht l s kt hp c nht v nhgia mt tinh thn khoa hc trm tnh v s thng cm thm uyn m mv t tm. Th gii ngy nay ngy cng hng v c Pht nhiu hn v chc Ngi l ngi i din cho lng tm ca nhn loi.

Moni Bagghee, "c Pht Ca Chng Ta".

c Pht l ngi tin phong nh l mt ngi thng yu nhn loi v lmt trit gia siu phm kt hp trong mnh mt c tnh dng cm v sngchi. Ngi c nhng iu ni m khng mt ai kh lng m qun c lsau hn 2500 nm hng say, vi v v thuyt ging v nn tng ca tri thc.V i hn l tr tu ca Ngi l mt tm gng m NGi a ra lmchng.Moni Bagghee, c Pht ca chng ta.

c Pht nh l mt bc lng y. Cng nh bc s phi bit chn on nhiucn bnh khc nhau, nguyn nhn ca bnh, thuc gii c v phng phpcha tr, v c th p dng thuc thch hp; c Pht cng vy, NGi dycho chng ta Bn chn l thnh thin (T Thnh ) ch ra s hin hu cakh au, nguyn nhn ca kh, s on dit v con ng a n s dittn ca kh au.Tin s Edward Conze, "Pht gio"

c Pht khng phi l ti sn ca ring cho gii Pht t. Ngi l ti sn ca

ton th nhn loi. Gio php ca NGi dnh cho tt c mi ngi. Mi tngio, c ra i sau c Pht, mn nhiu tng hay p t c Pht.Mt hc gi Hi Gio.

c Pht l mt ngi cha nhn thy n con ca mnh ang n a, vuichi trong ngn la th gian y nguy him v Ngi dng mi phng tinthin xo cu cc con mnh ra khi nh la ang chy ny v a chngn ni an lc ca Nit-bn.

Gio s Lakshimi Narasu, "Tinh Hoa Ca Pht gio"

Cng ngy ti cng cm thy rng c Pht Thch Ca Mu Ni gn gi nhtv c tnh v thc nghim ca Ngi. Ngi l con ng, l chn l, v l lsng.Gim mc Milman.


15/58

chnh l lc ti ang sinh sng ti Oxford vo nhng nm u nm 1970ti bt u quan tm thch th Pht gio. Cuc i ca ti th y dy nhng

bi ri v cng thng, v ti tm thy trit l o Pht mt phng php tduy m c th lm say m ti bi s thanh tnh vng lng v li phn tchtrit nhng tham dc, s t b tt c nhng sc mnh ca mt th giicm xc h o m ti ang sng, v mt s ha hn ca mt s thnh thtmnh m khng mang bn cht tnh cm.

Andrew Harvey tc gi ngi Anh v nh th ca trng i hc Fellow ofall Souls Oxford.

Ti ri n v tr v Colombo, ni ti lm mt ngi khch ca mt gianh sinh vin Sinhalese m ti gp anh ta ti Perth. H u l Pht t, nhca h xung quanh mt ngi n, v khng kh ngi nh rt l yn tnh v n

ha. Ti m lun rt nhiu v Pht php vi h v h a ti i n mtngi n nm trn nhng ngn i ti Kandy, ni m ti gp nhng tu s vti i thoi rt nhiu v v tr tr gi ca ngi cha, v tr tr ny giithch cho ti rt nhiu v o Pht. Ti cm thy v cng thch th v tngio ny.

Mt nh l hnh ngi u chu

Pht gio l mt h thng khng bit n theo nim cu Ty phng; tchi mt s hin hu ca mt linh hn ni con ngi; coi c tin vo s

bt t l mt s sai lm; t chi bt c kt qu no ca s cu nguyn v hysinh dng hin thn linh. o Pht cn l mt h thng khuyn con ngikhng nn trng cy vo u nhng ch bng n lc ca chnh bn thn t c s gii thot, cu ri cho chnh mnh; mt h thng m s thanhtnh bn lai ca n khng bit g v nhng hnh nguyn ca s phc tng vcha bao gi tm s cu gip ca mt cnh tay th tc no, nhng truyn

b khp nhn loi.

Trong th gii y bo t v xung t, hn th v bo ng, thng ip cac Pht to sng nh mt vng thi dng rc r. C l khng mt thiim no trong lch s nhn loi m thng ip ca Ngi li cn hn cho thgii ca nhng qu bon nguyn t v khinh kh. Hn hai nghn nm qua lm tng thm sc sng v s tht ca thng ip ny. Chng ta hy nh li

bc thng ip bt dit v c gng un nng t duy v hnh ng cachng ta da trn nh sng ca chn l . Chng ta c th bnh thn idin vi nhng s kinh hong ca thi i bom nguyn t v gip mt phn


16/58

nh trong vic thc y con ngi t duy v hnh ng ng n.Nehru

y l mt h thng gio l m chng ta c th thc hnh theo mt cch ttin. Liu ni no trong th gii cc tn gio, h thng th cng tn gio vcc tn ngng, chng ta c th tm thy mt bc o s thng thi nh th?Trong chui nhng v sao sng t, Ngi l v tinh t khng l ca nhng vsao sng nht, v i nht. Khng c g l ngc nhin my khi m cc nhkhoa hc, trit gia, v nhng con ngi c hc thc cao khng quytrng: "Ngi l con Ngi v i nht cha tng c trong lch s nhn loi".Vng ho quang to sng ca bc thy v i ny ri sng khp th gian aukh v ti tm, ging nh ngn hi ng dn ng v to sng cho nhnloi.Mt nh vn u chu.

Nhng gio l nh : Lch thip, thanh tnh, t bi v s gii thot khi nhngtham i ch k l nhng li dy cn bn ca o Pht- mt tn gio v ica Phng ng.

E.A. Burtt, "c Pht T Bi"

Pht php ging nh mt ci cu c kho xy bng nhng mnh thpuyn chuyn, linh ng, gi v nc kh lm cho n hu hoi c. N tthch nghi vi nhng hon cnh thay i, nhng ng thi n cng cng

c mt cch chc chn nhng nn tng v m ra mt con ng an ton an s Bt T, Nit-bn.

Phra Khantipalo, "Khoan Dung"

Phng ng huyn b, qu hng mu m ca cc tn gio, chc chn cung cp cho chng ta mt s pht hin chn tht ni o Pht, bi v oPht gip cho chng ta bit c v p ca lun l o c v s thanh tnhvn tim n su xa trong bn cht ca con ngi m khng cn mt ngthn linh no khc hn l mt ng thn linh tr n trong tm ca con ngi

thc tnh h sng mt cuc sng huy hong.

Charles T. Gorham

Pht gio l mt tn gio rt thit thc bi v Pht gio quan im v cuci v th gii mt cch thc t. Pht gio khng li ko chng ta n thinng ca nhng ngi v tr mt cch sai lm. Pht gio cng khng e do


17/58

v lm cho chng ta kh s bng tt c nhng ni m nh s hi tngtng v cm gic ti li. Tn gio ny ku gi chng ta mt cch chnh xcv khch quan nhng g chng ta ang l v nhng g th gii xung quanhchng ta, v ch cho chng ta con ng a n t do gii thot hon ton,s an lc, hnh phc.

Thng to Tin s W.Rahula.

S mnh ca c Pht v cng c o tiu biu cho tnh cch ca Phtgio. V v th, s mnh ny ng bit lp hn vi cc tn gio khc trn thgii. S mnh ca Ngi l mang li nhng loi chim l tng bay trn khnggian nhng gn mt t hn, bi v thc n ca chng thuc v tri t. Hazzat Inayat Khan, "Thng ip ca Sufi"

Pht gio cung ng cho bc tin ca nn vn minh th gii v vn hatht s, nhiu hn bt lun nh hng no khc trong k s ca nhn loi.S gia H.G.Wells

Vn minh Pht gio vn mnh ln vng vng trc khi tt c mi ngin nm trong nh hng ca n, mt kiu mu ca con ngi xng ngc knh trng phi nh vy, mt nhn vt l tng ng nu gng lnhcho hng vua cha cng nh hng cng inhsn xut ti sn s dngtrong cng tc x hi thay v li ch c nhn, o lng c nhn bng gi tro c v tr tu, khng phi bng quyn lc kinh t, v s ln mnh ca

quc gia bng tnh trng thanh bnh thnh vng ca dn trong nc chkhng phi thng bng ch s chi thu thng mi. l vi gi tr c cth ha trong l tng ca ngi Pht t.

Tin s Richard A. Gard

Duy nht trong tt c cc tn gio ln th gii, Pht gio tin hnh trn conng ca mnh m khng gy st hi, hnh h, cm on, kim duyt hoctm ti soi bi.

Aldous Huxley

Tn gio ca nhng tm hn cao c v ton vn nht c th tn ti chung mhon ton khng c nim tin khi th no, trong ngha chn tht nht cadanh t khng c nim tin ni tinh cht ct yu ca o gio thn khi, nic mt thn linh v ng. Trong danh t thn linh v ng, ti bao gm tt cnhng nim v ci gi l thn linh siu nhn, cng mt bn cht tinh thn


18/58

v o c nh mt ngi nhng tng lp cao hn, hoc mt nng lc oc siu phm.

Julian Huxley, Relegion without Revelation

Bng c hy sinh rng ln mnh mng ca Ngi, bng hnh t khc v ica Ngi, v bng phm hnh thanh tnh v nhim ca i Ngi, Ngi ghitc ln trn An gio nhng du vt khng bao gi phai m, v i vi

bc thy v i y, An gio cn mang mt mi n phi c tri n muni.Mahatma Gandhi

Ti khng bit ci chi trn th gian ny v i hn hnh nh ca c Pht. l s hin thn tuyt ho ca tm linh trong lnh vc hu hnh.

B tc Kayserling " The Travel Diary of a philosopher".c Pht lc no cng l ngun gi cm di do cho ti chnh phm cchc nhn ca Ngi li cun ti.

Nehru

Pht gio truyn dy mt li sng, khng phi bng cch thng tr m bngnguyn tc, mt li sng tt p, v l mt tn gio khoan dung lng. y l h thng t thin nht di mt tri. Khng bao gi v khng

ni no c mu trong s nghip truyn b. Khng bao gi c s hnh hngc i nhng ai khng cng theo mt tn ngng- mt bi hc m ngiC c gio vn cn phi hc. c Pht dy cho con ngi lm cho th giingy cng tt p hn v hin ti thnh thin.

Joseph Wain

Ta c th nhn thy trong gio hun ca c Pht nhng im ging nhaugia Pht gio v dn ch. Ngi khuyn dy lng khoan dung i lng, nim khi dy nhng cuc tho lun, quyn t do la chn rng ri, bnh

ng bt bo ng, v thng-mi nim y u i ngc dng nhng tptc thng thng vo thi ca Ngi. l nhng khi nim cch mng mc Pht a vo t 2500 nm trc y. l nhng ci tin tri thc trngi.. nhng tt c u c tnh cch dn ch, trong ni dung cng nh tc .

Gio s Ralps Buultjens " Buddhism and Democracy"


19/58

Con ng ca Pht gio l con ng trung o gia hai cc oan. ykhng phi l mt s tho hip yu ui, nhng l mt s va phi hp ltrnh s cung tn v s li bing gii i, v tin ln mt cch u u vc quyt tm m khng c s chn ch em li s phn ng ring, m luntin khng ngng bc. c Pht gi n l Con ng Tm Ngnh (Btthnh o) a n Nit-bn, v con ng ny c th c xem nh l mtcuc hnh trnh tu tp tm linh thnh thin cao qu nht, song c biuhin mt hnh thc gin n.

Pht gio cng khng bi quan hay ym th. Pht gio l mt h thng tduy, mt tn gio, mt khoa hc tm linh, v mt trit l sng hp l, thitthc v bao hm tt c. Hn 2500 nm, Pht gio lm tho mn nhngnhu cu tm linh ca hn 1/3 nhn loi. o Pht mi gi nhng ai i tmchn l bi v Pht gio l mt tn gio khng c gio iu, lm tho mn

nhu cu ca l tr cng nh con tim, nhn mnh tinh thn t tin, t lp ikm vi s khoan dung i vi quan im ca nhng ngi khc, bao hmc khoa hc, tn gio, trit hc, tm l hc, huyn thoi, o c lun l vngh thut. o pht cn ch ra duy con ngi l ng sng to ca kipsng hin ti ca mnh v l ngi thit k c nht ton b sinh mnh caanh ta.

Christmas Humphreys (1901-1983), thm phn ni ting ngi Anh.

Ti cng tu tp thin ch, ti cng tr nn c n tng vi phng php ny

nh l mt h thng hun luyn tm. N ph hp vi thi ca tm cangi phng Ty chng ta khi nghin cu khoa hc: khng thnh kin,khng thin v, khch quan v phn tch. N da trn kinh nghim c nhnv trc tip ch khng da vo kin hay quan im ca mt ai khc. N vcng n gin v tn dng va phi s ch mt cch c bn n gin nhmt ci nhn c duy tr nhng trong mt s chn la cn thn v h thnggii lut nghim khc. Do , n khm ph ra tt c nhng s phn quythp tp, thiu chnh xc, tt c nhng iu ni v n, tt c nhng tranhlun, tho lun, v mt s lng ph thi gian nh chng ta thng am m

trong th gii Ty Phng ca chng ta. Trn thc t, n gii thot chng tara khi cuc sng theo ng mn v s tri buc ca chnh mnh, nhngthnh kin ca chng ta, nhng li so, s v minh v s bo th c chpca chng ta, nhm mc ch to cho chng ta s t do nhn th gii vchng minh th gii chn tht.

Tin s Graham Howe MB.BS. DPM, nh vt l hc ni ting ngi Anh.


20/58

Qu tht ch c nh sng t phng ng, t nhng trit l sng ng, hiha v nht l nhng hun th su sc v gio l c nht v nh ca cPht s l s dn tri v kho lp nhng l hng, cng nh s gii tr cckhng hong cho i sng hin i ca Ty phng-mt i sng mangdanh l tin ha nhng thc cht ang ri vo tha ha.

Matthieu Ricard, nh khoa hc v sinh hc phn t ngi Php.

Thc th hay chn ng l s khng nh bao la, khng c tnh ph nh, scn bng ha gii ht mi th quan h dnh mc rng buc..chn tm khng

b rng buc bi tt c mi gii hn. Trong con ngi n lun lun c xcnh nh s lc quan, tch cc ngc li vi s bi quan tiu cc..Pht giol mt trit thuyt siu nghim, mi hnh vi to tc d thin hay c u tora qu v khng vt khi lut nhn qu.

Ngi tt lnh hay thin tri thc, ngoi vic thy bit v thin quc cnthy c nhng iu tt lnh trn mt t, thy c nhng cng c caoqu ca nhng tm hn cao qu. Khi chng ta thy cc ng xe ho, ccnh my v cc ngn hng, chng ta thng hi cho s ngho kh ca nhngngi Pht t m mng. Thc s, tinh thn Pht gio cng to ra mt lclng sng to tng t, nhng n em li s bnh yn v hnh phc thc scho ton th v tr thay v s th hng trn tc qua vic n ngon mc pv nhng ly ru t tin, nhng phi tr gi bng nhng kh au, bngchin tranh bc lt, bt cng v bng sa o.

Ralph Waldo Emerson, nh vn ngi M.

Nhng li Pht ni l chn l ti thng m ngi nghe c th t n chon dit hon ton mi kh au; c th i n con ng tt nht tc chn tnh (Pht tnh) v c th thnh Pht. Con ng tt nht tc Pht tnh l con ng thin nh.

Ti bit mt s ngi ngh xu v ti khi h nghe ti ni v c Pht, v hknh yu Cha hn Pht ca ti; nhng ti cam oan rng ti vn vui lng v

lng knh yu l nguyn tc chnh ca lonhg m o.

Henry David Thoreau, nh vn ngi M

Tn gio ca tng lai s l mt tn gio ca ton cu, vt ln trn mithn linh, gio iu v thn hc. Tn gio y phi bao qut c phng dint nhin ln siu nhin, t trn cn bn ca thc o l, pht xut t kinh


21/58

nghim tng th gm mi lnh vc trn trong ci nht th y ngha.Pht gio s p ng y cc iu kin .

Nu c mt tn gio no ng u vi cc nhu cu ca khoa hc hin ith l Pht gio. Pht gio khng cn xt li quan im ca mnh cpnht ha vi nhng khm ph mi ca khoa hc. Pht gio khng cn t bnhng quan im ca mnh xu hng theo khoa hc, v Pht gio baohm c khoa hc cng nh vt qua khi khoa hc.

Albert Einstein, nh vt l hc hin i.

Pht gio l mt tn gio cao c nht, v l mt trong nhng tia sng v inht khng ch ring cho Chu m cho khp ton cu.

Schopenhauer, trit gia ngi c

Trong o Pht, khng c thn thnh no c kh nng gii thot con ngi.Ch c chnh con ngi c kh nng , hin ti v ngay y.

S gia Jean Marc.

Khoa hc v o Pht c mt nn tng chung v tng quan, tng duyn,v khi nim v thng. Mi hin tng u c coi nh mt mu trongmng li ca quan h nhn qu; v th nn n khng c bn cht ring bit.

Cch nhn y ngc li vi nhng cch nhn ca nhng tn gio ln, tin ning Thn linh. Cc tn gio ny khng nh s tn ti ca nhng thc thbt di, bt dch, vt ngoi quy lut nhn qu, nh c Thng , c Cha,c linh hn.

Francisco Varela, nh sinh hc thn kinh, Gim c nghin cu ca Trungtm Nghin cu Khoa hc ton quc, Php.

c Pht vi tr tu v i chng li cc tp tc m tn, cc l nghi phintoi, cc Thy tu B-la-mn th on v nhng c quyn c li dnh cho

giai cp ny. Ngi ln n nhng quan nim thn hc v siu hnh hc, ccba php, s thin khi v s siu nhin phn khoa hc. Ngi ch trng nlogic, l tr v thc nghim. Ngi nhn mnh n cc phng din o cv phng php ca NGi l s phn tch mang tnh tm l hc

Jawaharlal Nehru.


22/58

Tt c mi ngi sng chu u c th hnh din v mt tn gio khngnhng c trc tn gio Ty phng c hn 500 nm m cn c th bnhtrng v duy tr m khng cn dng n bo lc, v khng h b hen binhng cuc chin tranh tn gio v Thnh chin.

Tin s Edward Conze-Buddhism.

Tt c cc tn gio ng u phi bit n Pht gio v gio l o cnht m gi tr ca tn gio ny cn hu hiu cho n ngay by gi m ttnh ca gio l ny l lng t bi i vi mi chng sanh, gio l ca ngTon Gic.

William Hunter- A Brief History of The Indian People.

Pht gio thc s l ln gi xun thi t u ny ti u kia ca cn vn chu v lm n ra, khng nhng ch c nhng bng sen n , m cnlm n nhng bng hoa hng Ba T, hoa n i Tch Lan, hoa cc Trung Hoa, hoa Anh o Nht Bn v.vTon b vn ha chu l vnha Pht gio. Khng c ni no ngoi ng phng m t tng Pht gioli c th thng nht. Mi quc gia u c cch ring chp nhn t tngPht gio theo nhu cu a phng, nhng khi khi ng phng phi iu vi khi Ty Phng th t tng Pht gio l lc ni kt nhng qucgia ny li vi nhau.

y chng ta nhn mnh s kin l, nu lch s Pht gio c cho th gibi hc no, th l trong s truyn b o Pht t thung lng sng Hngn Tch Lan min nam, cho ti Cao Nguyn Trung pha bc, ri ticc hi o Nht Bn pha ng, Pht gio, vn ha, vn minh v gio dcl nhng bn ng hnh khng th tch ri nhau c.

Gio s Bapat- 2500 Years of Buddhism.

Ton th v tr l mt bi chin trng bao la hng v. Ni ni u din ras tranh u. S hin hu ch l mt s tranh u v hiu chng li nhng

mm mng ca cc loi bnh khng khip, gia cc phn t vi cc phn t,cc nguyn t vi cc nguyn t, cc in t vi cc in t. Tm vn lmt cnh chin trn. Sc, thinh, hng, v, v.vl nhng hu qu ca s

phn cng v s tham gia ca cc nng lc bn ngoi. Chnh s hin huca chin tranh chng minh rng trn th gii khng c mt quc gia honton ha bnh v c mt trng thi hon ton an lc, ha bnh. l nhngg chng ta gi l Th gii Nit-bn.


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Vi kin cn nhc thn trng, ti cho rng phn cn bn thit yu nht cann gio l c Pht hnh thnh nn mt phn khng th thiu c ca ngio. Hin nay ngi n gio ti n khng th hi tng li nhngdu vt ca h v i ng sau bc chn ca nhng s ci cch v i mc Pht C- m lm nh hng n n gio. Bng s hy sinh ln lao,

bng s xut th v i ca Ngi, v s thanh tnh hon ton ca cuc iNgi, Ngi li mt n tng khng th no ty xo c cho n gio,v n gio sut i nh n cng lao v i ca bc thy v i .Thnh Mahatma Gandhi, Maha Bodhi.

Khng c mt tn gio no ti n thi tin Pht gio c th c cho ltn gio thit lp nn mt h thng lun l o c v tn gio mang gi tr

ph qut v bt buc cho ton th nhn loi.

Tin s S.N Dasgupta.c Pht khng ch nhn ra s thc ti hu m Ngi cn trnh by mt cchr rng tri thc thm uyn ca Ngi vt khi nhng phm tr ca lnh vctri thc ca nhn loi v cc thn linh thot khi nhng s ngu trang huynthoi v lp v hoang ng. y, tuy nhin, tri thc ca NGi ctrnh by theo mt hnh thc thuyt phc v vng chc cho con ngi cth theo NGi m hnh tr nhng li dy y mt cch tch cc v t tin. Vchnh l do ny, c Pht khng yu cu bt k mt nim tin no, nhng hahn mt tri thc.

George Grimm, The Doctrine of The Buddha.

Ln u tin trong lch s nhn loi, c Pht tuyn b mt s cu ri mmi ngi c th t mnh t c v bng chnh bn thn mnh ngay trongkip sng hin ti m khng cn n s gip ti thiu ca mt ngThing Ling no hay cc v thn linh. Ngi hon ton nhn mnh v gio lt tin, t thanh tnh, thanh nh, gic ng, an lc, v tnh thng ph qut.

Ngi cng nhn mnh s cn thit ca tri thc, bi v khng c tr tu th trtu siu vit khng th t c ngay trn cuc i ny.

Gio s Elliot, Buddhism and Hinduism.

Khng phi chnh c Pht gii thot con ngi, nhng Ngi dy h tgii thot cho chnh mnh. H chp nhn v gio l chn tht ca NGikhng phi ch v gio l l ca NGi, nhng v s thuyt phc cc nhn


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NGi, c thc tnh bi nhng li dy ca Ngi, pht sinh t nh sng trtu ca chnh h.

Tin s Oldenburg, mt hc gi ngi c.

Khoa hc khng th a ra lng t tin trong trng hp ny. Nhng Phtgio c th ng u vi nhng thch thc ca nguyn t bi v tri thcsiu th ca Pht gio xut pht t im m khoa hc kt thc. V iu nyr rng i vi nhng ai nghin cu o Pht. Bi v, thng qua thin nhPht gio, nhng yu t cu thnh b khuyt cho vn c chngminh v cm nhn c, v s kh au, bun ru hoc "Dukkha" ca shin hu v dit tn (L duyn khi) to ra chnh n vi nhng g chngta gi l mt "t ng" hay "linh hn"- s v minh v Sakkhayaditthi nh c cp trong gio l ca c Pht.

Egerton C. Baptist, -Supreme Science of the Buddha.

Pht gio gip cho con ngi t ng vng trn i bn chn ca chnhmnh v nh thc s t tin v t n lc trong mi ngi.

Ha thng Narada Thera-Buddhism in a Nutshell.

Con ngi v i hn nhng sc mnh m qung ca thin nhin bi v ngayc anh ta b che ph bi chng anh ta vn duy tr c s vt tri hn v

c hnh ca s hiu bit ca anh ta v nhng hin tng y. Li na, Phtgio cn chuyn ti chn l i xa hn na: Pht gio ch ra rng bng nhngphng tin ca s hiu bit, con ngi cng c th iu khin nhng honcnh, kim sot nhng vn . Con ngi c th thot ra khi s che m canhng hin tng sc mnh y, v vn dng nghng quy lut ca t nhin t mnh vn ln.

Pascal

Lut theo ngha khoa hc l mt sn phm thit yu ca tm tr con ngi

v khng c mt ngha g khi tch ra con ngi. Li cng c ngha hnkhi tuyn b rng con ngi to ra nhng quy lut ca t nhin hn l lplun ngc li rng t nhin to ra cho con ngi nhng quy lut.Gio s Karl Pearson.

Con ngi ngy nay l kt qu ca s lp li hng triu ln nhng t duy vhnh ng ca anh ta trong v lng kip. Con ngi khng phi l mt th


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sn phm c lm sn; anh ta tr thnh v ang tr thnh. Nhn cch anhta do s la chn ca chnh anh ta inh ot, nhng t duy v hnh ng manh ta chn ly cho ring mnh bng thi quen hnh thnh nn con ngithc ti ca anh ta.

Thng ta Piyadassi.

Pht gio l mt tn gio hot ng v tinh thn dn ch, cao tnh dn chtrong tn gio, tnh dn ch trong x hi, v tnh dn ch trong lnh vcchnh tr.

Tin s Ambedkar.

Trn th gii ny, c Pht trnh by nhng chn l v nhng gi tr vnhcu v s tin b v mt lun l o c khng ch cho ring mt lnh thn m l cho ton th nhn loi. c Pht l mt trong nhng nh oc v i k ti cha tng c chng kin trn th gian ny.

Albert Schweitzer, trit gia phng Ty.

Pht gio ng gp nhiu cho s tin b ca nhng nn vn minh th giiv nn vn ha chnh ng hn l nhng s nh hng khc trong nhng

bin nin s ca nhn loi.

H.G. Wells.Khng mt trang s Pht gio no tng b nht mu i bi nh sng canhng ngn la ca to n d gio, hoc l b lm en ti bi ln khi canhng ngi ng h d gio hoc l cc thnh th ca nhng ngi dn theot o nng bng, hay b nhum bi mu ca nhng ti nhn v ti v shn th tn gio. o Pht ch nm v s dng mt thanh gm duy nht -thanh gm ca tr tu, v ch nhn ra mt k th duy nht- l v minh. l mt bng chng trong lch s, v ngi ta khng th chi ci c. Gio s Bapat, 2500 years of Buddhism.

l mt s huy hong ca Pht gio m n to ra s gic ng v mttm linh nh l mt iu kin cn thit cho s cu ri, gii thot. Trong Phtgio, s gic ng v mt lun l o c v tm linh l hai nhn t khng thchia cch nhau c. Trong khi lun l o c hnh thnh nn c s chomt i sng cao thng hn, tri thc v tr tu lm hon ho i sng .Khng c mt s hiu bit hon ton v quy lut duyn khi v chuyn ha,


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th khng mt ai c th c cho l sng c o c thc s nu anh takhng c mt tr tu ni qun v tri thc cn thit. Xt v phng din ny,Pht gio khc so vi tt c nhng tn gio khc. Tt c cc tn gio thucnht Thn gio khi u vi mt vi gi nh no , v khi nhng gi nhny tng phn vi s pht trin ca tri thc, th s bun ru, kh au cngtng trng. Nhng Pht gio khng bt u bng nhng gi nh. Pht giong trn tng vng chc ca nhng s kin, v cho nn khng bao gilnh xa nh sng ca tri thc.

Gio s Lakhsmi Narasu, The Essence of Buddhism.

c Pht C m bc b ngay c ci bng dng ca s hin hu thnghng bng mt sc mnh siu hnh hu ch ln lao cho nhng ngi nghincu trit hc, v xt thy iu ch cung cp mt na nhu cu cho cc li

tranh lun ni ting thuc ch ngha l tng ca Gim Mc Berkeley. Thtl mt du hiu ng k v s suy on t nh ca Ngi n rng c Phtphi c nhn nhn su sc hn cc nh theo ch ngha l tng hin i.Ngy nay trn khp th gii tt c nhn loi u c khuynh hng t duygic ng khng thin v t duy thn hc, m thin v t duy trit hc v tml hc. Hc thuyt nh nguyn thn hc ang b tri dt vo s him nguy.

Nhng nguyn l c bn ca tin ha v nht nguyn lun ang c ccnh t tng th gii chp nhn.

Gio s Huxley, Evolution and Ethics.

Ti n 25 th k trc y, ngi ta chng kin mt cuc cch mngv tm linh v tn gio cui cng lt c ch ngha c thn v giitu s ch k, v thit lp nn mt tn gio tng hp, mt h thng tr tu v ttng c th c gi l Dhamma (Gio Php)- mt Trit Hc Tn Gio. Anagarika Dharmapala, The World's Debt to Buddha.

Pht gio l mt s chun b cho cuc sng theo mt cch m c th mangli nhng li ch cao nht cho cuc i. Pht gio l mt tn gio ca tr tum tri thc v kh nng l tr hon ton chim u th. c Pht khngthuyt ging m gio ha nhn loi v tn gio ca mnh m lm chohng thnh gi nghe v gic ng gio l ca Ngi.

Mt nh vn Ty phng.

Pht gio lun lun l mt vn ca thy v bit, ch khng phi l vn ca tin tng v cu nguyn. Gio Php ca c Pht c nh gi nh l


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mt h thng gio l mi bn n m thy, ch khng phi n m tin.

Thng ta tin s W.Rahula, What the Buddha Taught.

Pht gio s trng tn cho n khi no mt tri v mt trng khng cnhin hu na, v cho n khi no nhn loi khng cn tn ti trn th gianny na, bi v Pht gio l mt tn gio ca con ngi cng nh ca chungcho tt c nhn loi.

Bandaranaike, cu Th tng Tch Lan.

Ngi Pht t khng phi l mt k n l cho kinh sch hoc cho bt cngi no. Anh ta cng khng dng hin s t do t tng ca mnh bngcch tr thnh t ca c Pht. Anh ta c th hnh ng theo ch ch t

do ca mnh v pht trin tri thc ca anh ta n mc c th t mnhchng thnh qu v Pht bi v tt c mi ngi u c th thnh Pht.Thng to Narada Maha Thera, What is Buddhism.

o Pht dy mt cch sng khng phi l theo lut l m l theo nguyn l,mt li sng cao p; v kt qu l, Pht gio l mt tn gio ca t bikhoan dung. Pht gio l mt h thng nhn t nht trn th gian ny. Gio s Joseph Wain.

c mt t kin thc v Pht gio l nhn thc rng hn 2500 nm trc

y, o Pht bit nhiu hn v vn tm l hin i ca chng ta hn lnhn loi bit n. Nhng tn o Pht nghin cu nhng vn ny t lu v cng tm ra nhng gii Php cho vn .

Tin s Graham Howe.

Hin nay, chng ta nghe thy nhiu v sc mnh ca t duy, song Pht giol mt h thng hun luyn tm hon ho nht v hiu qu nht ctrnh by trc th gii.

Dudley Wright.

c Pht to ra mt tn th h nhn loi, mt th h ca nhng anh hnglun l o c, mt th h gii phng nhng ngi cng nhn lao ng,mt th h ca cc v Pht.

Manmatha Nath Sastri.


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Pht gio l mt tn gio s mnh u tin trong lch s nhn loi vi mtthng ip ton cu v s cu ri, gii thot cho tt c nhn loi. Sau khigic ng v thng Chnh Gic, c Pht phi 62 v t u tin i voi truyn b gio php ca NGi theo nhiu hng khc nhau, yu cu ccv ny hy truyn b chnh Php v li ch v hnh phc cho qun sanh. y, iu cn thit l lu n mt c trng c nht cu tn gio cac Pht, chnh l l mt tn gio ca bt k mt v o s no, m ktqu l mt nn trit hc nht qun cho chng ta bit v nhng chn l tihu ca s hin hu v thc ti. Tn gio ca c Pht l mt trit l sngdo s chp nhn mt quan im sng c cho l thc ti. Trit l ca cPht khng phi l khng cp n bn cht ca tri thc.

Tin s K.N. Jayatilleke, Buddhism and Peace.

Ch ni v Pht gio thi, ngi ta c th khng nh l mt tn giokhng c s cung tn. Mc ch ca Pht gio l nhm to ra mt schuyn ha t bn trong ca mi c nhn bng cch t chinh phc v chinthng mnh, cho d nhng sc mnh ca tin bc vt cht hay s thuyt phc nh hng n s chuyn ha i na. c Pht ch ch ra con ng duynht a n s gii thot, v con ng c li cho mi c nhn t mnh quyt nh nu mnh mun i theo con ng .

Gio s Lakshmi Narasu, Essence of Buddhism.

o Pht ging nh mt lng bn tay v cc tn gio khc ging nh nhngngn tay trong lng bn tay.

The Great Khan Mongka.

Mt s ngi ngh rng Pht gio l mt tn gio en ti v bun chn. l mt s nhn xt sai lm; Pht gio s lm cho tn ca mnh sng lngv vui ti. Khi chng ta c nhng mu chuyn tin sinh ca cc v B tt,cc v Pht tng lai, chng ta bit c hnh nguyn tu tp v s hon hoca cc c tnh kin nhn v khoan dung lng nh th no. Pht gio

s gip cho chng ta c vui ti ngay c trong nhng tnh hung khkhn ln v ly lm vui mng trong nhng li ch khc.

Thng ta Gnanatiloka, mt hc gi Pht hc ngi c.

Hy tr v vi Pht gio v bn s c c nhng g m v Hong ADc khng ch tuyn thuyt mt nn lun l o c cao thng m cn s


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dng quyn uy ca mt bc vng theo mt phng cch khin cho ccv vng hin i cu cc nim tin khc phi h thn.

Geoffrey Mortiner, mt nh vn Ty Phng.

Thm ch cho n ngy nay khng th xem rng Pht gio b mai mt,suy yu bi v Pht gio c bm cht trn nhng nguyn l c nh khng

bao gi c sa i.

Gertrude Garatt.

Tt c nhng li dy ca c Pht c th c tm gn li trong mt thutng: " Dhamma" (Php- Chn L). Php ny chn tht, hin hu khng ch ni tm tr ca con ngi m cn hin hu khp ni trn v tr ny. Ttc v tr l mt s hin thn tit l ca Php. Quy lut ca t nhin m giikhoa hc ngy nay khm ph l s biu hin ca Php- Chn l.

Nu mt trng ln v lng xung, th l bi v Php, bi v Php l quylut tr ng trong v tr khin pht sinh ra nhng hot ng theo nhng

phng cch c nghin cu trong vt l hc, ha hc, ng vt hc, thcvt hc v thin vn hc. Php hin hu trong v tr ch v Php hin hutrong tm tr ca con ngi. Nu con ngi sng theo ng vi chnh Php,th anh ta s thot khi kh au v chng c Nit-bn, an lc.

Thng ta A. Mahinda.

Mc d ngay t u ngi ta c th b thu ht bi s khang t ca tn giony, ngi ta c th tn dng chn gi tr ca Pht gio ch khi ngi ta

phn xt Pht gio thng qua kt qu m n pht sinh trong chnh cucsng hng ngy ca chnh mnh.

Tin s Edward Conze, mt hc gi Pht hc Ty phng.

Nu khng c nhng th vui nhc dc, th liu cuc sng c th no chung c? Khng c mt nim tin vo s vnh hng bt t, th liu con

ngi c th sng c lun l o c? Khng c s sng bi, cu nguynmt ng Thn linh, Thng th liu con ngi c th tin n mt cucsng Thnh thin, Chn chnh? Vng, c th, c Pht tr li. Nhng mcch ny c th t c bng tr tu, tri kin; chnh tri thc, tr tu l chakha a n o l cao thng hn, mt o l ng c theo ui trongcuc sng; tri kin, tr tu mang li cho chng ta s an lc v hnh phc


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trong cuc sng, gip chng ta khng dao ng trc nhng cn bo t cath gii hin tng.

Gio s Karl Pearson.

Nhng v t khim nhng ca c Pht tht l may mn bit bao! Hkhng c tha hng li ngu bin v tnh khng th sai lm ca bt cnhng sch khi huyn ngay t lc khi u.

Thng to tin s Ananda Kaushalyayana.

Do vy, Pht gio l mt tn gio dnh ring cho c nhn ca mi ngi, vkhng c l do hnh thnh nn hnh thc l nghi cng bi trong tn giony. Mt hnh ng c thc thi vi mt tng phc v cho iu kinring ca c nhn th khng phi l mt hnh thc l nghi. Khi chng ta nhn

b ngoi ca hu ht nhng hnh thc dng nh l l nghi ca o Phtngy nay, th khng nn vi kt lun o Pht l o mang bn cht l nghitn gio, m thc s khng phi l hnh thc l nghi.

Tin s W.F. Jayasuriya, the Psychology and Philosophy of Buddhism.

Nu c Pht phi c gi l mt "Bc cu th" th ch l da trn ngha ngn t rng Ngi khm ph v ch ra Con ng a n s giithot, Nit-bn. Song chnh chng ta phi thc hnh con ng.

Thng to tin s W.Rahula, What the Buddha taught. c Pht DyNhng G - Ha thng Walpola Rahula-Thch N Tr Hi dch (1998)-Nguyn tc:"What The Buddha Taught" (Ta ln xut bn th nht,1966: "Con ng thot kh")

To p lc cho chnh mnh tin vo v chp nhn mt iu g m khng c shiu bit ng n th l mt thi chnh tr ch khng phi l thi tm linh hay tri thc.

Thng to tin s W.Rahula, What the Buddha taught.

Chng ta khng nn ch tn trng tn gio ca mnh v ch bai ph tngio ca nhng ngi khc, nhng chng ta nn tn trng ton gio canhng ngi khc v l do ny hay l do khc. Lm nh vy, chng ta gipcho tn gio ca mnh pht trin v cng gip ch cho cc tn gio khccng pht trin nh tn gio mnh. Khi hnh ng khc i vi tinh thn trn,th chng ta t mnh o m chn tn gio ca chnh mnh v cn lm hi
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cc tn gio khc. Bt c ai knh trng tn gio ca mnh v ch trch ch baitn gio ca ngi khc, tng rng thc s lm nh vy l tn tu vi tngio ca mnh v ngh rng "Ti s lm rng danh tn gio ca mnh." Songtrn thc t li ngc li, khi lm nh vy l anh ta lm tn thng tn gioca mnh ngy cng trm trng thm. Do vy, nn hi ha l tt hn: Tt chy cng nhau lng nghe v sn sng lng nghe gio l ca nhng ngikhc tn gio mnh.

i A Dc (Asoka)

Mt tn gio ca trit l sng c nh gi khng ch bng chn l m tngio ny tuyn thuyt m cn bng nhng s chuyn ha, i thay m tngio ny mang li trong cuc sng ca nhng tn ca tn gio . Ttrc n nay, s kim nghim ny lin quan n Pht gio, t c mt

k lc v nhng thnh tu m chng ta c th ly lm hnh din thc s.D. Valisinha, Tng Th k Hi Maha Bodhi, Buddhist Way of Life.

Ngi ta cng c th ni rng n khm ph ra v thc sm hn ccnh tm l hc Ty phng. i vi h, v thc bao gm tng th nhngcm gic tim tng trong c nhn nh l s tha hng t kip sng trc.K thut thin nh ca o Pht, cp n nhng ngun nng lc tim n

bn trong, l mt ngi i trc so vi li phn tch tm l hin i, cngnh s hun luyn tinh thn mang tnh t sinh v.v

Gio s Von Glasenapp, mt hc gi ngi c.

Pht gio l mt tn gio ln duy nht trn th gii c hnh thnh trn cs thc v chn thc, cn c trn mt h thng phn tch hp l v nhngvn trc tr ca cuc sng v gii php gii quyt nhng kh khn y.Moni Baghee, Our Buddha.

Khng c nhng g m chng ta c th gi l tn iu trong gio l ca cPht. Vi mt quan im khang t him c trong thi i ca Ngi vkhng my ph bin trong thi i ca chng ta, Ngi t chi kim ch

n p s ph bnh ch trch. i vi Ngi, thiu khoan dung lngdng nh l k th v i nht ca tn gio.

Tin s K.Radhakrishnan, Gautama the Buddha.

Hu ht nhng ngi mi vo o ca cc tn gio khc c iu khinbi nhng v trng gio ca h v b ngn cm khng cho c nhng kinh


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sch, gio l, hc thuyt, tp ch, sch b ti hay nhng cun tiu lun cacc tn gio khc. Thi ny dng nh khng thy xy ra trong o Pht.

Phra Khantipalo, Tolerance.

Nm gii ny ch ra nm hng chnh quan trng m mt ngi Pht t tkim sot mnh phi thc thi. Do vy, gii th nht khuyn rng ngi Phtt kim ch lng tham dc ca s gin d; gii th hai gip h kim chnhng tham m v ca ci vt cht; gii th ba kim ch v nhc dc; gith t gip ch ng s khip nhc, hn nht v c tm mun hi tha nhn(nguyn nhn ca tnh khng trung thc); v gii th nm gip ch ng lngtham i i vi nhng thch th tiu cc, bt thin.

Edmond Holmes, The Creed of Buddha.

Mt trong nhng hc gi u tin bt u cng vic chuyn dch h vn hcPli sang Anh ng, l con trai ca mt Mc S ni ting. Mc ch ca vy khi thc thi cng vic ny l chng minh s vt tri ca C c gioso vi Pht gio. Tuy ng ta tht bi trong nhim v ln lao ny, song tc mt s chin thng v i hn ng ta mong i. Kt qu l ng ta trthnh mt Pht t. Chng ta khng bao gi qun c ci c duyn maymn hnh phc thc y ng ta thc hin cng vic ny v do mangli gio Php qu gi ny cho hng nghn ngi dn ti Ty phng. Danhxng ca v hc gi v i ny l Tin s Rhys Davids.

Thng to A.Mahinda, Blue Print of Happiness.

C th rng khuynh hng hng n mt chnh quyn t tr c lm bngchng bi nhng hnh thc a dng ca nhng hot ng phi tc c nhnly t hnh thc phi thai u tin ca Pht gio, t b th lc quyn hnhca giai cp, tng lp tu s tng l v i xa hn na l bng hc thuyt v s

bnh ng cng bng nh c chng minh qua s xo tan h thng giaicp c quyn. Qu nhin, chnh nh vo nhng kinh sch o Pht mchng ta phi tr v tha nhn rng s kin x hi c t chc ca nhngm hnh gng mu u tin ca nhng i din th ch t tr c thc thi.

Nhiu ngi hi ngc nhin khi bit rng nhng cuc kit tp kinh in cach v t c Pht ti n cch y 2500 nm v v trc na lic tm thy nhng nguyn l m chng ta ang thc thi ngy nay ti nghtrng.Cp bc ca hi chng c bo v bi s ch nh ca vin chc c bit-l


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phi thai ca "Mr Speaker" (ng Ch ta) trong H Ngh vin ca chng tangy nay. Mt vin chc th hai c b nhim kim tra xem xt s i

biu cn thit theo quy nh c m bo- nguyn mu ca mt Trngquan chc c quyn duy tr k lut trong cc thnh vin ca ng chnh trang cm quyn trong Ngh vin trong h thng ca chng ta ngy nay.Hu tc ca Zetland, nguyn ph vng ca n .

Trong 25 th k qua, Pht gio hi nhp vi cc nim tin c truyn v cctn gio ca nhiu vng t, hi ha chng vi bn cht thanh khit ca nntrit hc Pht gio. Cng mt lc, Pht gio ny n trn khp Chu.Cho n nay, Pht gio vn l tn gio chnh ca cc dn tc Thi Lan, TchLan, Min in, Ty Tng, Lo, Campuchia, i Loan, Vit Nam, i Hn,Trung Quc, Mng C v mt s nc Trung nh Bhutan, Siberia v.vCng cn nhiu cng ng Pht t ln M Lai, Tn Gia Ba v n ,

cng nh cc nc Ty phng nh Anh Quc, Hoa K, Thy S, c,Php, cc nc Bc u v c.

Ngy nay, ta thy c s ch nhiu n Pht gio hn trc Ty phng.Nhiu hc gi tin on rng trong th k ti, Pht gio c th tr thnhmt tn gio chnh Ty phng.

Kalinga Senevirathne, A Brief History Of Buddhism.

Pht gio t c nn tng to ln Ty phng trong vng hai mi

nm qua. Mi y, Pht gio c n nhn nh l tn gio pht trinnhanh nht Anh quc. c trn 100 nghn on th Pht gio v cctrung tm c thit lp nc ny hin nay, Hoa K cn nhiu hn, vcon s li gia tng u Chu na. l tng ch du cho thy s ch nPht gio s cn tip tc ln mnh, v Pht gio r rng cung n c mts nhu cu su xa v tinh thn cho con ngi ca th gii Ty phng mcc tn gio truyn thng ca h tht bi hon ton. Ngi ta c th hi:"Pht gio c g c bit gi tr v hu ch vy?

John Snelling, The Buddhist Handbook.

Hin ti cng r rng l Pht gio ang ng mt vai tr sinh ng trongvic quc t ha th gii ca chng ta.

Rich Fields, How The Swans Came to The Lake.

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Ph lc

[01] THE BUDDHA

The Buddhas greatness

I cannot myself feel that either in the matter of wisdom or in the matter ofvirtue Christ stands quite as high as some other people known to history-Ithink I should put Buddha above him in those respects.

Bertrand Russell, "Why I am not a Christian"

Embodiment of virtues

Buddha was the embodiment of all virtues he preached. During his

successful and eventful ministry of 45 years he translated all his words intoaction; and in no place did he give vent to any human frailty, or any base

passion. The Buddhas moral code is the most perfect which the world hasever known.

- Prof. Max Muller, German Scholar

Blossom of the human treeThis is the blossom on our human treeWhich opens in many a myriad yearsBut opened, fills the world with wisdoms scentAnd loves dropped honey.- Sir Edwin Arnold, "Light of Asia"

Buddha is nearer to us

You see clearly a man, simple, devout, lonely, battling for light, a vividhuman personality, not a myth. Beneath a mass of miraculous fable I feelthat there also was a man. He too, gave a message to mankind universal in

its character. Many of our best modern ideas are in closest harmony with it.All the miseries and discontents of life are due, he taught, to selfishness.Selfishness takes three forms one, the desire to satisfy the senses; second,the craving for immortality; and the third the desire for prosperity andworldliness. Before a man can become serene he must cease to live for hissenses or himself.


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Then he merges into a great being. Buddha in a different language calledmen to self-forgetfulness five hundred years before Christ. In some ways hewas nearer to us and our needs. Buddha was more lucid upon our individualimportance in service than Christ, and less ambiguous upon the queation of

personal immortality.

- H.G. Wells

Most Noble of Mankind

If you desire to see the most noble of mankind, look at the king in beggarsclothing; it is he whose sanctity is great among men.

- Abdul Atahiya, A Muslim Poet

Buddhas Method

If any question has to be considered, it has to be considered peacefully anddemocratically in the way taught by the Buddha.

- Nehru

Lunatic and a Sane Man

The difference between the Buddha and an ordinary man is like thedifference between a sane man and a lunatic

- A writer

Homage to Buddha

Lord Buddha could be very easily singled out as the one person known toman who received homage from the greatest number of mankind.-Prof. Saunders, Literary Secretary Y.M.C.A. India, Burma, Ceylon

Buddhas Message

The Buddha has been something greater than all doctrine and dogma, and hiseternal message has thrilled humanity through the ages. Perhaps at no timein past history was his message of peace more needed for a suffering anddistracted humanity than it is today.


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He does not speak of sin

Serenity of spirit and love for all sentient creation are enjoined by theBuddha. He does not speak of sin, but only of ignorance and foolishnesswhich could be cured by enlightenment and sympathy.

- Dr. S Radhakrisnan,"Gautama the Buddha"

Buddha is like a physician

The Buddha is like a physician. Just as a doctor must know the diagnosis ofthe different kinds of illness, their causes, the antidotes and remedies, andmust be able to apply them, so also the Buddha has taught the Four HolyTruths which indicate the range of suffering, its origin, its cessation, and theway which lead to its cessation.

- Dr. Edward Conze,"Buddhism"

Buddha is for whole mankind

The Buddha is not a property of Buddhists only. He is the property of wholemankind. His teaching is common to everybody. Every religion, which cameinto existence after the Buddha, has borrowed many good ideas from theBuddha.

- A Muslim ScholarA Wise Father

Buddha is one who sees his children playing in the consuming fire ofworldliness and employs different expedients to bring them out of this

burning house and lead them to the safe asylum of Nirvana.

- Prof.Lakshimi Nasaru, "The Essence of Buddhism"

Buddha is the wayI feel more and more that Sakyamuni is the nearest in character and effect toHim who is the Way, the Truth, and The Life.

- Bishop Milman

A Radiant Sun


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In this world of storm and strife, hatred and violence, the message of theBuddha shines like a radiant sun. Perhaps at no time was that message moreneeded than in the world of atomic and hydrogen bombs. Two thousand fivehundred years have only added to the vitality and truth of that message. Letus remember that immortal message and try to fashion our thoughts andactions in the light of the teaching. We may face with equanimity even theterrors of the atomic bomb age and help a little in promoting right thinkingand right action.

- Nehru

Greatest man ever born

Here is a teaching we can follow with confidence. Where in the world of

religions, cults and creeds, can we find a master of such brilliance? In apageant of stars he was a giant of the greatest magnitude. Little wonder thatscientists, philosophers, and men of literature have proclaimed Him theGreatest man ever born. The radiance of this great teacher goes through aworld of suffering and darkness, like a beacon light to guide and illuminatemankind.

- A European Writer

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[02] - BUDDHISMFUNDAMENTAL TEACHINGS OF THEBUDDHA

Gentleness, serenity, compasion, through liberation from selfish-craving -are the fundamental teachings of the great Oriental religion of Buddhism. - E.A.Burtt, "The Compassionate Buddha"

Well Built Bridge

Buddha Dharma is like a bridge well built of flexible steel, it gives a little towind and water, it adapts itself to changing circumstances, but at the sametime it has secured foundations and offers a safe way to the Deathless, to

Nirvana.- Phra Khantipalo,"Tolerance"

To Awake the Human Heart


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Surely the mysteriously East, that fertile mother of religions, has given us inBuddhism a true revelation, since it makes known to us the moral beauty and

purity that lies in the deep of human nature needing no other divinity thanthat which abides in the human heart to awake them into living glory.- Charles T.Gorham

Nothing to Surpass Buddhism

Buddhist or not Buddhist, I have examined everyone of the great religioussystems of the world, and in none of them have I found anything to surpass,in beauty and comprehensiveness, the Noble Eightford Path and the Four

Noble Truths of the Buddha. I am content to shape my life according to thatpath.- Prof. Rhys Davids

Buddhism does not leas us to a Fools Paradise

Buddhism is realistic, for it takes a realistic view of life and the world. Itdoes not falsely pull us into living in a fools paradis, nor does it frightenand agonize us with all kinds of imaginary fears and guilt-feelings. It calls usexactly and objectively what we are and what the world around us is, andshows us the way to perfect freedom, peace, tranquility and happiness. - Ven. Dr. W. Rahula

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THE BUDDHAS MISSION

The mission of the Buddha was quite unique in its character, and thereforeit stands quite apart from the many other religions of the world. His missionwas to bring the birds of idealism flying in the air nearer to the earth,

because the food for their bodies belonged to the earth.

- Hazrat Inayat Khan,"The Sufi Message"

A COSMIC RELIGION

The religion of the future will be a cosmic religion. It should transcend apersonal God and avoid dogmas and theology. Covering both the natural andthe spiritual, as a meaningful unity. Buddhism answers this description.- Albert Einstein


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assumptions. It stands on the firm rock of facts, and can therefore never shunthe dry light of knowledge.

- Prof. Lakhsmi Naras,."The Essence of Buddhism"

BUDDHA HAS SEEN DEEPER THEM MODERN IDEALISTSGautama got rid of even that shade of a shadow of permanent existance by ametaphysical tour de force of great interest to the student of philosophy,seeing that it supplies the wanting half of Bishop Berkeleys well-knownidealist argument. It is a remarkable indication of the subtlety of Indianspeculation that Gautama should have seen deeper than the greatest ofmodern idealists. The tendency of enlightened thought of all today all theworld over is not towards theology, but philosophy and psychology. The

bark of theological dualism is drifting into danger. The fundamental

principles of evolution and monism are being accepted by the thoughtful.- Prof.Huxley,"Evolution And Ethics"

RELIGIOUS REVOLUTION

Twenty- five centuries ago India witnessed an intellectual and religiousrevolution which culminated in the overthrow of monotheism, priestlyselfishness, and the establishment of a synthetic religion, a system of lightand thought which was appropriately called Dhamma Philosophical

Religion.- Anagarika Dharmapala,"The World debt to Buddha"

A PLAN FOR LIVING

Buddhism is a plan for living in such a way as to derive highest benefit fromlife. It is a religion of wisdom where knowledge and intelligence

predominate. The Buddha did not preach to win converts but to enlightenlisteners.

- A Western writer

COME AND SEE

Buddhism is not always a question of knowing and seeing and not that ofbelieving. The teaching of the Buddha is qualified as Ehi-Passiko, invitingyou to come and see, but not to come and believe.


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We hear much nowadays of thought-power, but Buddhism is the mostcomplete and effective system of mind-training yet placed before the world.- Dudley Wright

NEW RACE

The Buddha created a new race of men, a race of moral heroes, a race ofsalvation-workers, a race of Buddhas.

- Manmatha Nath Sastri

FIRST MISSIONARY

Buddhism is the first missionary religion in the history of humanity with auniversal message of salvation for all mankind. The Buddha after hisEnlightenment sent out sixty-one disciples in different directions askingthem to preach the doctrine for the weal and welfare of mankind.

- Dr. K.N. Jayatilleke, "Buddhism and Peace"

NO FORCED CONVERSION

It was never, however, the buddhist way to proselytise in the sense offorcing ideas and beliefs upon an unwilling audience, much less to exert

pressure of any kind, or any kind of flattery, deceit or cajolery, to winadherence to ones own point of view. Buddhist missionaries have nevercompeted for converts in the marketplace.

- Dr. G.P.Malalasekara

ULTIMATE FACT OF REALITY

Here it is necessary to draw attention to another unique feature of thereligion of the buddha, namely, that it is the only religion of any relgious

teacher, which is the outcome of a consistent philosophy, which claims totell us about the ultimate facts of existance and reality. The religion of theBuddha is a way of life resulting from the acceptance of a view of life,which is said to be factual. His philosophy is not without an account of thenature of knowledge.

- Dr. K.N. Jayatilleke, "Buddhism and Peace"


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NO FANATICISM

Of Buddha alone can it be affirmed it is free from all fanaticism. Its aimbeing to produce in every man a thorough internal transforming by selfconquest, how can it have a recourse to might or money or even persuasionfor effecting conversion? The Buddha has only shown the way to salvation,and it is left to each individual to decide for himself if he would follow it.

- Prof. Lakshmi Narasu, "The Essence of Buddhism"

BUDDHISM AND OTHER FAITHS

Buddhism is like the palm of the hand, the other religions being the fingers.- The great Khan Mongka

Buddhism is not a melancholy religion

Some people think that Buddhism is a dark and melancholy religion. It is notso; it will its followers bright and cheerful. When we read the birth storiesof Bodhisatva, the future Buddha, we learn how he cultivated the Perfectionof patience and forbearance. It will help as to be cheerful even in midst ofgreat troubles and to take delight in others welfare.

- Ven. Gnanatiloka, a German Buddhist scholar

BUDDHISM AND SOCIAL WELFARE

Those who think that Buddhism is interested only in lofty ideals, high moraland philosophy thought, ignores any social and economic of welfare people,are wrong. The Buddha was interested in happiness of men. To him,happiness was not possible without leading a pure life based on moral andspiritual principles. But he knew that leading such a life was hard inunfavourable material and social conditions.

Buddhism does not material welfare as an end in itself; it is only a means toan end a higher and nobler end. But it is a means which is indispensable,indespensable in achieving a higher purpose for mans happiness. SoBuddhism recognizes the need of certain minimum material conditionsfavourable to spiritual success even that of a monk engaged in meditationin some solitary place.


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- Ven. Dr.W.Rahula, "What the Buddha Taugh"

EXAMPLE FROM ASOKA

Turn to Buddhism, and you will read that Asoka not only preached a lofty

morality but exercised the power of kingship in manner that shames ourmodern sovereigns of other faiths.

- Geoffrey Mortimer, a writer in the West

FIXED PRINCIPLES

It will not be possible even today to Buddhism that it is worn out because itis rooted upon certain fixed principles that can never be altered.

- Gertrude Garartt

DHAMMA IS THE LAW

All teachings of the Buddha can be summed up in one word: "Dhamma".The law of righteousness, exist not only in a mans heart but it exists in theuniverse also. All the universe is an embodiment or revelation of Dhamma.The laws of nature which modern science have discovered are revelations ofDhamma.If the Moon rises and sets, it is because of Dhamma, for Dhamma is that lawresiding in the universe that makes metter act in the ways studied in physics,chemistry, zoology, botany and astronomy. Dhamma exists in the universe

just as Dhamma exists in the heart of man. If man will live by Dhamma, hewill escape misery and attain Nibbana.

- Ven. A. Mahinda

PERSECUTIONOf the great religions of history I prefer Buddhism, especially in its earliest

forms, because it has had the smallest element of persecution.- Bertrand Russell

APPRECIATION OF BUDDHISM


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Although one may originally be attracted by its remoteness, one canappreciate the real value of Buddhism only when one judges it by the resultit produces in ones own life from day to day.

- Dr. Edward Conze, a Western Buddhist scholar

KNOWLEDGE IS THE KEY TO HIGHER PATH

Without senuous pleasure would life be endurable? Without belief inimmorality can man be moral? Without worship of a God can man advancetowards righteousness? Yes, replies the Buddha, these ends can be attained

by knowledge; knowledge alone the key to higher path, the one worthpursuing in life; knowledge is that which brings calmness and peace to life,which renderd man indifferent to the storms of phenomenal world.

- Prof. Karl Pearson

FORTUNATE BUDDHIST

How fortunate are the humble followers of the Buddha who have notinherited the fallacy of infallibility of any revealed book from the very

beginning.- Ven. Prof. Ananda Kaushalyayana

BUDDHISM AND RITESBuddhism is thus a religion, and there is a little room in it for ritual andceremony. An act done with an idea of ones own conditioning ceases to bea rite. Much of the seemingly ritual of present-day Buddhism, when seenthus are really not rites.

- Dr. W.F. Jayasuriya, "The Philosophy of Buddhism"

SAVIOUR

If the Buddha is to be called a saviour at all, it is only in the sense that hediscovered and showed the Path to Liberation, Nivana. But we must treadthe path ourselves.

-Ven. Dr W. Rahula, "What the Buddha Taught"

NO FORCE


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To force oneself to believe and to accept a thing without understanding ispolitical, and not spirtual or intellectual.

-Ven. Dr. W. Rahula, "What the Buddha Taught"

RESPECT OTHER RELIGIONS

One should not honour only ones own religion and condemn the religionsof others, but one should honour others religions for this or that reason. Sodoing, one helps ones own religion to grow and renders service to thereligions of others too. In acting otherwise one digs the grave of ones ownreligion and also does harm to other religions. Whosever honours his ownreligion and condemns other religions, thinking "I will glorify my ownreligion". But on the contrary, in so doing he injures his own religion more

gravely. So concord is good: Let all listen, and be willing to listen to thedoctrines professed by others.

- Emperor Asoka

A GENUINE PRIDE

A religion or a way of life is judged not merely by the truths it proclaims butalso by the change that it brings about in the life of its followers. So far thistest is concerned Buddhism has a record of achievements in which we can

take a genuine pride.- D. Valisinha, General Secrstary, Maha Bodhi Society, "Buddhist wayof life"

UNCONSCIOUSNESSIt can also be said that India discovered the unconsciousness earlier than theWestern psycholigists. For them the unconscious consists in the totality ofthe impressions which slumber in the individual as the inheritance from his

previous existance. The Buddhis technique of meditation, which is

concerned with the latent forces, is thus a fore-runner of modern psycho-analysis, of autogenic mental trainingetc.

- Prof. Von Glasenapp, a German scholar

RATIONAL ANALYSIS


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Buddhism is the only great religion of the owlr that is consciously andfrankly based on a systematic rational analysis of the problems of life and ofthe way to its solution.

-Moni Bagghee, "Our Buddha"

ENEMY OF RELIGION

There is little of what we call dogma in the Buddhas teaching. With abreadth of view rare in that age and not common in ours he refuses to stiflecritism. Intolerance seemed to him the greatest enemy of religion.

- Dr. S. Radhakrishnan, "Gautama The Buddha"

SectarianismMost meophytes of some other religions are controlled by their Guru and areforbidden to read the scriptures, doctrines, magazines, booklets and tracts ofother religions. This very rarely happens within Buddhism.

- Phra Khantipalo, "Tolerance"

THE FIVE PRECEPTS

These five precepts, indicate five arterial directions in which the Buddhistself-control is to be exercised. Thus, the first rule calls upon him to controlthe passion of anger, the second, the desire for material possessions, thethird, the lust of the flesh, the fourth, cowardice and malevolence (causes ofuntruthfulness) the fifth, the craving for unwholesome excitement.

- Edmon Holmes, "The creed of Buddha"

MAN WHO ACHIEVED A GREAT VICTORY

One of the first scholars to begin the work of translating the Pali Literature

into English, was the son of a well known clergyman. His object inundertaking the work was ti prove the superiority of Christianity OverBuddhist. We must never forget the happy chance which prompted him toundertake this work and thereby make the precious Dhamma available tothousands in the West. The name of this great scholar was Dr. Rhys Davids.- Ven. A. Mahinda, "Blue Print of happiness"


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- Dr. Ambedkar

ETHICAL MAN OF GENIUS

In this sphere He gave expression to truths of everlasting value and

advanced the ethics not of India alone but of humanity. Buddha was one ofthe greatest ethical men of genius ever bestowed upon the world.- Albert Schweitzer, a leading Western philosopher

WORLD CULTURE

Buddhism has done more for the advance of world civilization and trueculture than any other influence in the chronicles of mankind.- H. G. Wells

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[04]TOLERANCE PEACE LOVETO WIN PEACE

The question that inevitably suggests itself is, how far can the great messageof the Buddha apply to the present-day world? Perhaps it may apply, perhapsit may not, but if we follow the principles enunciated by the Buddha, we willultimately win peace and tranquility for the world.

- Nehru

WISDOM IS THE SWORD AND IGNORANCE IS THE ENEMY

Not a single page of Buddhist history has ever been lurid with the light ofinquisitorial fires, or darkened with the smoke of heretic or heathen citiesablaze, or red with blood of the guiltless victims of religious hatred.Buddhism wields only one sword, the sword of wisdom, and recognises onlyone enemy ignorance. This is the testimony of history, and is not to be

gain-said.- Prof. Bapat, "2500 years of Buddhism"

NO UNKIND WORD


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There was never an occasion when the Buddha flamed forth in anger, neveran incident when an unkind word escaped his lips.

- Dr. S. Radhakrishnan

PRACTISE OF WISDOM AND COMPASSION

It seemed that the kindly aesthetic, eternally young, seated cross-legged onthe lotus of purity with his right hand raised in admonition, answered inthese two words: "If you wish to escape from suffering from fear, practisewisdom and compassion."

- Anatole France

NO PERSECUTION

There is no record known to me in the whole of the long history ofBuddhism throughout the many centuries where its followers have been forsuch lengthened periods supreme, of any persecution by the Buddhists of thefollowers of any other faith.

- Prof. Rhys Davids

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[05] - MANS POSITION IN BUDDHISMMAN GIVE LAW TO NATURE

Law in the scientific sense is essentially a product of the human mind andhas no meaning apart from man. There is more meaning in the statement thatman gives law to nature than in its converse that nature gives laws to man. - Prof. Karl Pearson

MAN IS NOT READY MADE

Man today is the result of millions of repititions of thoughts and acts. He isnot ready made; he becomes, and is still becoming. His character is

predetermind by his own choice, the thought, the act, which he chooses, thatby habit, he becomes.

- Ven. Piyadassi


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has made itself with what we call a soul or atma the illusion ofSakkayadithi, as it is called in the Buddhas teaching.

- Egerton C.Baptist, "Supreme Science of the Buddha"

CAUSE AND EFFECT INSTEAD OF REWARDS AND PUNISHMENTSAccording to the Buddha the world is not so constituted. Buddhist believe ina just rational of Kamma that operates automatically and speak in terms ofcause and effect instead of rewards and punishments.

- A writer

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[08] - WHAT IS NIBBANASALIVATION WITH OUT GOD

For the first time in the history of the world, Buddha proclaimed a salvation,which each man could gain for himself and by himself in this world duringthis life, without the least help from the personal GOD or Gods. He stronglyinculcated the doctrine of self reliance, of purity, of courtesy, of enlightment,of peace and of universal love. He strongly urged necessity of knowledge,for without wisdom psychic insight could not be got in his life.

- Prof. Eliot, "Buddhism and Hinduism"BUDDHA AND THE SALVATION

It is not the Buddha who delivers men, but he teaches them to deliverthemselves, even as he has deleivered himself. They accept his teaching ofthe truth, not because it comes from him, but, because of personalconviction, aroused by his words, arises by the light of their own spirit.

- Dr. Oldenburg, a German Buddhist scholar

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[09] - BELIEFBUDDHA DOES NOT DEMAND BELIEF


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The Buddha has not merely awakened to the supreme reality, he alsopresents his higher knowledge that is superior to that of "all gods logicaldisguise and mythical clothing. Here, however, it is given in so cogent aform that it presents itself as positively and self evedent to the person to isavble to follow him. For this reason the Buddha does not demand any belief,

but promises knowledge.

- George Grimm, "The Doctrine of the Buddha"

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[10] - BUDDHISM AND OTHER RELIGIONSPOST BUDDHISTIC HINDUISM

The various ways in which Buddhism influenced, modified, transformed,and revitalised Hindu religion among all the philospohical Sutras of theHindus, are admitted post Buddhistic. The presuppostion of Indian

philosophy in the doctrine of Karma and rebirth and other pre Buddhisticsystem have attained fullest development from Buddhistic literature and

been established on philosphical basis.

- Dr. S. N. Das Gupta

UNIVERSAL ETHICS

None the preBuddhistic religions of India may be said to have been able toformulate a code of ethics and religion that wass unversally andcompulsorily valid for all.

- Dr. S. N. Das Gupta

BUDDHISM IS BUDDHISM

Buddhism and Jainisn were certainly not Hinuism ot even the Vedic

Dharma. Yet they arose in India and were integral parts of Indian life,culture and philosophy. Buddhist or Jaina in India is a hundred per centproduct of Indian thought culture, yet neither is Hindu by faith. It is entirelymisleading to refer to Indian culture as Hindu culture.

- Nehru, "Discovery of India"


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ETERNAL DEBT TO THE BUDDHA

It is my deliberate opinion that the essential part of the teachings of theBuddha now forms an integral part of Hinduism. IT is impossible for HinduIndia today to retrace her steps and go behind the great reformations thatGautama effected in Hinduism. By his immense sacrfice, by his greatrenuniation, and by the immaculate purity of his life he left an indelibleimpress upon Hinduism, and Hinduism owes an eternal debt of gratitude tothe great teacher.

- Mahatma Gandhi, "Maha Bodhi"

DOMINANT CREED

A system which knows no God in the Western sense, which denied a soul toman, which counts the belief in immorality a blunder, which refuses anyeffecacy to prayer and sacrifice, which bides man to look to nothing but theirown efforts for salvation, which in its orginal purity knew nothing of vowsof obedience and never sought the aid of the secular arm, yet spread over aconsiderable motley of the old world with marvellous rapidity and is still,which whatever base admixture of forcing supertitions, the dominant creedof a large fraction of mankind.

- T.H. Huxley

BUD

Gioi Tri Thuc Binh Luan Ve Duc Phat Va Giao Ly Cua Ngai - TK Thich Quang Bao Dich

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