GIMGIM

Quantitative and Qualitative Quantitative and Qualitative Evaluation of the Recent Evaluation of the Recent

Trends in Italian University Trends in Italian University Library SystemsLibrary Systems

8th Northumbria International Conference on Performance Measurement 8th Northumbria International Conference on Performance Measurement in Libraries and Information Services (PM8, Libraries Plus: Adding Value in in Libraries and Information Services (PM8, Libraries Plus: Adding Value in

the Cultural Community, Florence 17-20 August 2009)the Cultural Community, Florence 17-20 August 2009)

Maurizio di Girolamo – GIM

22

GIMGIM

GIM: Interuniversity Group for the GIM: Interuniversity Group for the Monitoring of Italian University LibrariesMonitoring of Italian University Libraries

Aims and activities:Aims and activities: to define similar methodologies to measure and to define similar methodologies to measure and

evaluate academic library services evaluate academic library services to adopt a permanent system for assessment to adopt a permanent system for assessment

of academic library services of academic library services to encourage the building and further to encourage the building and further

development of library systems within the development of library systems within the universities universities

to develop national and international projects of to develop national and international projects of measurement and evaluation of academic measurement and evaluation of academic library services library services

Beatrice Catinella, Università degli Studi di Padova;Wanna Manca, Università degli Studi di Trento;Paolo Bellini, Università degl i Studi di Perugia;Maurizio di Girolamo, Luisanna Saccenti, Federica De Toffol (plus Ilaria Moroni for the present survey), Universitàdegli Studi Milano Bicocca;Eleonora Giusti, Francesca Landi, Università degli Studi di Firenze;Luca Bardi, Annalisa Mariani, Politecnico di Milano;Danilo Deana, Anna Maria Bellia, Università degli Studi di Milano;Marina Gorreri, Fiammetta Mamoli, Elisabetta Sparacio, Università degliStudi di Parma;Antonio Scolari, Università degli Studi di Pavia;Nunzia Spiccia, Maria Vittoria Savio, Politecnico di Torino;Mirella Mazzucchi, Serena Spinelli, Laura Bertazzoni, Università degliStudi di Bologna

33

GIMGIM

The GIM SurveysThe GIM Surveys

2002: “Measurement and evaluation of 2002: “Measurement and evaluation of Italian academic library services” project Italian academic library services” project approved by CNVSUapproved by CNVSU

2006: 2nd edition sponsored by CRUI 2006: 2nd edition sponsored by CRUI Percentage of responsesPercentage of responses

2002: 86%2002: 86% 2006: 92%2006: 92%

44

GIMGIM

The GIM QuestionnairesThe GIM Questionnaires

Two questionnaires were sent out by the Group to Two questionnaires were sent out by the Group to each university: each university: One for data referring to the university library One for data referring to the university library

system as a wholesystem as a whole One to collect data referring to individual One to collect data referring to individual

librarieslibraries Questions were grouped into 6 areas:Questions were grouped into 6 areas:

Organization of the library systemOrganization of the library system Facilities and infrastructuresFacilities and infrastructures Information provisionInformation provision StaffStaff ExpenditureExpenditure Opening hours, services provided, use of servicesOpening hours, services provided, use of services

55

GIMGIM

The Present Survey (June 2009)The Present Survey (June 2009)

Addressed to University library directorsAddressed to University library directors Combination of quanti-qualitative Combination of quanti-qualitative

approachesapproaches Interpretation of trends emerging from Interpretation of trends emerging from

GIM's surveys (2002 and 2006)GIM's surveys (2002 and 2006) Past present & future Past present & future Stimulation of further analysis and Stimulation of further analysis and

discussion within the librarian communitydiscussion within the librarian community

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GIMGIM

The questionnaireThe questionnaire

The areas of the questionnaire:The areas of the questionnaire:

Centralisation/rationalisation & changesCentralisation/rationalisation & changes

Usability and perceived qualityUsability and perceived quality

Traditional services as stabilityTraditional services as stability

Digital libraries as innovationDigital libraries as innovation

Merging libraries as effectivenessMerging libraries as effectiveness

Closed questions with 4 grade scale Closed questions with 4 grade scale

Open questions for further qualitative investigationsOpen questions for further qualitative investigations

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GIMGIM

Centralisation: GIM trends Centralisation: GIM trends 2002-20062002-2006

Staff trends

1

10

100

1000

10000

Staff 2002 Staff 2006

Single Libraries

L.S. Head Offi ces

Staff distribution 20023%

97%

Single Libraries L.S. Head Offices

Staff distribution 20066%

94%

Single Libraries L.S. Head Offices

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GIMGIM

Centralisation: the survey 2009Centralisation: the survey 2009

Activities affected by centralization

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

not at all a little quite a lot a great deal

accounting

printed material procurement

electronic resourcesprocurement

back off ice

front off ice

digital library

Marketing, PR and R&D

Other

Centralisation and effectiveness

0

5

10

15

20

25

not at all a little quite a lot a great deal

Spaces

Library collection

Lending and ILL/DD

Information literacy

Electronic resources

Other

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GIMGIM

Traditional Services and StabilityTraditional Services and Stability

Reasons of loans increase

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

not at all a little quite a lot a great deal

Marketing

Sharing collections

Collections increase

OPAC records increase

Other

Loans and ILL-DD

110

1001000

10000100000

100000010000000

Loans

ILL in

ILL out

DD in

DD out

2002

2006

Traditional services indicators

0102030405060

OPAC reco

rds /

coll..

.

workstations /

seat...

loans /

colle

ction

2002

2006

Loans and ILL-DD

110

1001000

10000100000

100000010000000

Loans

ILL in

ILL out

DD in

DD out

2002

2006

Loans increase

65,79%

34,21%

Yes

No

1010

GIMGIM

Digital Library and InnovationDigital Library and Innovation

Journals collection 2002

54,41%

45,59%Journals(print)

E-journal

Journals collection 2006

24,67%

75,33%

Journals(print)

E-journal

ER management

19%

26%

15%

6%

23%

7% 4%

Creation of new off ices

Project teams

Additional skills to backoff ices

Specialised personnel w ithinthe University

Interuniversity cooperation

Outsourcing

Other

1111

GIMGIM

Printed Journals ExpenditurePrinted Journals Expenditure

Collections expenditure 2002

10,89%

54,12%

35,00%

Books

Electronicresources

Journals(print)

Collections expenditure 2006

23,22%

54,12%

22,66%

Books

Electronicresources

Journals(print)

Is this trend still valid in 2009?

35,90%

64,10%Yes

No

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GIMGIM

Efficiency and Continuous Efficiency and Continuous ImprovementImprovement

GIM efficiency indicators

1

10

100

1000

10000

salaries /total

expenditure

loans + ILL +DD / FTE staff

acquisitions/ FTE staff

users / FTEstaff

2002

2006

How to improve efficiency

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

not at all a little quite a lot a great deal

Automation

Workflow optimization

Management

Staff incentives

Staff training

Cooperation w ithin theUniversity

Other

GIM efficiency indicators

1

10

100

1000

10000

salaries /total

expenditure

loans + ILL +DD / FTE staff

acquisitions/ FTE staff

users / FTEstaff

2002

2006

1313

GIMGIM

Perspectives on ExpenditurePerspectives on Expenditure

Possible expenditure reduction

0

5

10

15

20

25

0% <25% 25%-50% >50%

Print

ER

ILS

Traditional services

Staff

Libraries reduction

Other

GIM expenditure indicators

1

10

100

collectionexp. per

user

collectionexp. / totallibrary exp.

library exp./ university

exp.

ER exp. /collection

exp.

salaries /total exp.

2002

2006

GIM expenditure indicators

1

10

100

collectionexp. per

user

collectionexp. / totallibrary exp.

library exp./ university

exp.

ER exp. /collection

exp.

salaries /total exp.

2002

2006

1414

GIMGIM

GIM Libraries clusteringGIM Libraries clustering

1515

GIMGIM

How to cope with the crisisHow to cope with the crisis

Competing factors:Competing factors:

Budget reductionBudget reduction

Cost increase of services and Cost increase of services and

bibliographic productsbibliographic products

Competition at an internal, external Competition at an internal, external

and international leveland international level

Winning strategies

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

stronglydisagree

partially agree agree strongly agree

Cooperation planning

Flexible and strategic alliances

Fees for library services

Supporting high value addedservices

Other

Budget Budget reductionreduction CostCost increaseincrease CompetitionCompetition

1616

GIMGIM

Each one is unique…Each one is unique…

Really?Really?

Thanks for your attentionThanks for your attention