Gilthead Sea Bream
description
Transcript of Gilthead Sea Bream
Gilthead Sea Bream
Taxonomy Common Aquaculture Sea Bream
-Family: Sparidae-Sparus aurata(Europe)-Pagrus major(Japan, China)-Diplodus sargus sargus(Europe)-Lithognathus mormyrus(China)-Diplodus puntazzo(Europe)
Economic Importance Important to European culture- Economy wise- Food
Market PriceEurope 5.50€/kg for 350kg Fry costs 0.28 euroshttp://thecornishfishmonger.co.uk/shop/gilt-h
ead-sea-bream-whole.html
Market LocationsGreece- the largest producer SpainItalyTurkey France
OriginMediterranean SeaEastern Atlantic Coasts: United Kingdom to
the Canary Islands Rare in Black Sea
Life Cycle and Larval StageProtandrous (Male then female)Male for two years of its lifeFemale for the restSpend their initial years in lagoons and
estuaries
ReproductionSpawning season (October-December) Move into deeper waters to give birth
In captivity-Photomanipulation(controlling the length of
daylight)-Manipulating the water temperature
Production Methods Traditionally, they were cultured in coastal
lagoons and brackish ponds, particularly in valliculture in northern Italy and in esteros in southern Spain
1980- were reproduced in captivityHatcheries - Hatch in 48 hoursNurseries Semi-intensiveIntensive
Extensive System
Intensive System
Feeding Larva- Yolk (2-4 days)-Zooplankton and
microalgae- Weaning(40-50 days) -50%-60% protein diet
Juveniles -Feed on larger protein
pellets
Adults -Fishmeal and Fish oil- Some vegetable
extract
Water Chemistry and Environmental Requirements Sensitive to low temperatures (4oC)Brackish waterNeeds light and social interaction with mates
to determine reproduction Optimal Water Temperature= 24-26ºC 16-20 months growthpH=8.5Salinity= 50nM
Advantages They are the tastiest of the sea bream familyReproduction can be controlledCan reproduce off-spawn seasonSold wholeGood FCR
I may be ugly but at least I taste good!
DisadvantagesIf the Gilthead escapes from its cage, it could
interbreed with wild Giltheads and corrupt the local food web
Become pests Easily diseased Hard to handle without killing itCan disease wild sea bream if they pass by
the cageDue to high price, farmers have a difficult
time to make a fair profit
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