Global Health Research and Development: working to improve lives at home and abroad.

Milestones inGlobal Health R&D

Investment in global health research and development (R&D) has led toremarkable breakthroughs in the prevention, diagnosis and treatmentof HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and other global health threats.Public and private sector partners in the U.S. have played a crucial rolein the achievement of these medical milestones, but there is muchmore work to do. The U.S. needs to strengthen its investment inresearch to accelerate progress toward the development of healthtechnologies that save lives worldwide, create U.S. jobs, benefit thehealth of Americans and promote global stability and security.

32% Very important

46% Somewhat important

10% Somewhat unimportant

5% Very unimportant

7% Not at all important

Source: National Public Opinion Poll, October 2011, JZ Analytics for Research!America

78% of Americans think it is importantfor the U.S. to support global healthresearch and development.

How importantwould you say it isthat the U.S. workto improve healthglobally throughresearch andinnovation?

Global Health R&D creates life-saving technologies to prevent andtreat diseases including HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis and neglectedtropical diseases. It is also a contributor to job growth and generateseconomic activity in the U.S.

Research!America advocates for increased funding and support forresearch to develop vitally important global health technologies. Ouradvocacy tools include fact sheets that demonstrate the impact andvalue of key U.S. agencies and departments forglobal health, here at home and aroundthe world. We also provide educational andadvocacy resources on innovative productdevelopment partnerships advancingglobal health.

For more information onResearch!America’s global healthR&D advocacy, please visitwww.researchamerica.org/global_health.

Clinical trial demonstrates that avaccine can prevent HIV infection

PARTNERS: DOD, NIH, Thai Ministry ofPublic Health, Sanofi Pasteur, GlobalSolutions for Infectious Diseases

ACCOMPLISHMENT: In 2009, the RV144 HIVvaccine trial demonstrated for the firsttime that a vaccine can protect againstHIV infection. A 2012 follow-up studyprovided clues to how the vaccineworked.

IMPACT: The first HIV vaccine to showeven moderate efficacy, this scientificbreakthrough has propelled the field ofHIV vaccine research. Scientific data isbeing used to improve the RV144vaccine and inform next generationvaccines.

Discovery of unique antibodies may yieldnovel approach for HIV vaccine

PARTNERS: International AIDS VaccineInitiative, Neutralizing AntibodiesConsortium, NIH Vaccine ResearchCenter, multiple international andprivate sector partners

ACCOMPLISHMENT: Researchers havediscovered 19 antibodies that have rareprotective abilities against HIV.

IMPACT: Continued research on theseantibodies may lead to a novelapproach for developing vaccines forHIV/AIDS and other infectiousdiseases, like pandemic flu.

MenAfriVac could eliminate meningitis insub-Saharan Africa in near future

PARTNERS: Meningitis Vaccine Project(MVP), a partnership between PATHand the WHO, CDC, FDA, U.S. Agencyfor International Development, Bill &Melinda Gates Foundation, Michael &Susan Dell Foundation, multipleinternational partners

ACCOMPLISHMENT: MVP developed the firstvaccine specifically for Africa toprevent group A meningococcalmeningitis, at a cost of less than $0.50per dose.

IMPACT: Since 2010, almost 55 millionpeople have been vaccinated in sixhigh-risk countries. With widespreaddistribution of the vaccine, meningitiscould be eliminated from the region by2016, saving $350 million over 10 years.

New drug developed to treat cholera,diarrheal diseases in children

PARTNERS: OneWorld Health (OWH), anaffiliate of PATH, Bill & Melinda GatesFoundation, FDA, multiple private andacademic sector partners

ACCOMPLISHMENT: In 2011, OWH receivedFDA approval to conduct a phase Iclinical trial of a new drug to reduce thefluid loss that results from diarrhealdiseases. Phase I is nearing completion,with a phase II trial expected to begin inSouth Asia in 2012.

IMPACT: Potentially the first synthetic drugof its kind for diarrhea, the usage of thisdrug in conjunction with oral rehydrationtherapy could save the lives of many ofthe 1.5 million children who die eachyear from diarrheal diseases.

Research yields first new drug candidatefor sleeping sickness in decades

PARTNERS: Drugs for Neglected Diseasesinitiative, Pace University, University ofCalifornia San Francisco, Anacor,Scynexis, NIH, multiple internationalpartners

ACCOMPLISHMENT: In early 2012, the firstnew drug candidate in 40 yearsdesigned specifically for humanAfrican trypanosomiasis (HAT;sleeping sickness) entered Phase Iclinical study.

IMPACT: With 60 million people at risk ofinfection, this potential new oraltreatment could mark significantprogress toward achieving the WHOgoal of eliminating HAT by 2020.

Daily dose of HIV treatment drugshown to reduce risk of HIV infection

PARTNERS: Gilead Sciences, Food and DrugAdministration (FDA), NIH, CDC,Gladstone Institutes, Bill and MelindaGates Foundation, international studysites

ACCOMPLISHMENT: Truvada, an antiretroviraldrug used to treat HIV/AIDS, reducesthe risk of acquiring HIV infection byalmost 44% when taken daily byuninfected men.

IMPACT: This landmark study was the firstto show that HIV treatment can be usedfor prevention purposes. FDA expertsrecommended the approval of Truvadato prevent infection in high-riskindividuals; a final FDA decision ispending.

New test diagnoses TB and multi-drugresistant TB in less than 2 hours

PARTNERS: Foundation for Innovative NewDiagnostics, Cepheid, University ofMedicine and Dentistry of New Jersey,National Institutes of Health (NIH)

ACCOMPLISHMENT: The Xpert MTB/RIFrapid diagnostic can detect the presenceof tuberculosis (TB) and drug resistancein the field with higher accuracy in lesstime than lab-based tests.

IMPACT: Endorsed in 2010 by the WorldHealth Organization (WHO), thistechnology is already being used by61 countries highly affected by TB,allowing more people to be placed onappropriate treatment in less time,preventing further spread of infection.

“ I believe innovation is the most powerful force for change in the world.” BILL GATES

Malaria vaccine candidate reduces episodesof malaria by 50% in young children

PARTNERS: PATH Malaria VaccineInitiative, GlaxoSmithKline, Bill &Melinda Gates Foundation, Departmentof Defense (DOD), Centers for DiseaseControl and Prevention (CDC),multiple international partners

ACCOMPLISHMENT: Preliminary results froma late-stage clinical trial of the RTS,Svaccine demonstrated a 50% reductionin malaria episodes in young children.

IMPACT: Widespread use of this vaccinecould help save the lives of hundredsof thousands of children in Africa.

ADDITIONAL MILESTONES IN GLOBAL HEALTH R&D

> Vaccine vial monitors ensure safe vaccination, save 140,000 lives worldwide

> First TB vaccine finds new purpose in treating bladder cancer

> Single-dose injection system confers multiple health benefits

> Breakthrough technology to diagnose HIV proves successful in field tests

> NIH’s Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases research yields combination

prevention strategy to achieve AIDS-free generation

To learn more about these examples of successes in global health R&D,please visit www.researchamerica.org/gh_milestones.

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