Getting Uncle Sam’s Attention: Public Diplomacy in the Context of US-Finnish Relations
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Getting Uncle Sam’s Attention: Public Diplomacy in the Context of US-Finnish
Relations
Molly BettieInstitute of Communications StudiesUniversity of Leeds
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US-Finnish Friendship
“I, Ronald Reagan, President of the United States of America, do hereby proclaim 1988 as National Year of Friendship with Finland. I call upon all Americans to observe the year with appropriate ceremonies and activities.”
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Why Finland?
Neutrality
Long-standing friendship
Educational and Cultural Affairs, a means of engagement between neutral Finland and the US
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Roots of Friendship
First World War Debt
Finland makes payments during the Great Depression
American press praises Finland in over 3,000 articles
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Roots of Friendship
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Impact of Goodwill
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ASLA-Fulbright Program
• Fulbright Act, 1946
• Finnish Educational Exchange Act , 1949
• ASLA-Fulbright agreement, 1952
President Kekkonen and Senator Fulbright
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Cultural Diplomacy: Performing Arts
• National Ballet tour, 1959: 63 performances around
the U.S.
• Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra makes US debut at New York’s Carnegie Hall, 1968
Program from the Orchestra’s performance at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
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Design as Culture
• Design Research International introduces Finnish design to USA
• ‘To Finland With Love’ Exhibitions include Alvar Aalto furniture and Marimekko fashions
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Marimekko
Founded 1951 D/R brings to US in 1959 Jackie Kennedy wears
Marimekko 1966 Crate & Barrel
collaboration 1967 ‘To Finland With
Love’ exhbition
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Further Research Directions The role of heritage organisations in
public diplomacy (Sons of Norway, Vasa, Finlandia, etc.)
Home design as culture—applying Ben Thompson’s concept of design to public diplomacy
Conclusions
• Relational public diplomacy activities in education and culture facilitated Finland’s engagement with the United States during the Cold War.