Copyright

GettingStartedwithArduinoWiringforWindows10IoTCore

AgusKurniawan

1stEdition,2016

Copyright©2016AgusKurniawan

**Windows10IoTCore,VisualStudioandLogoaretrademarkandcopyrightfromMicrosoft

**RaspberryPiistrademarkandcopyrightfromRaspberryPi,www.raspberrypi.org

TableofContentsCopyright

Preface

1.SettingUpDevelopmentEnvironment

1.1RaspberryPi2

1.2GettingHardware

1.3Windows10forRaspberryPi

1.4DevelopmentTools

1.5ConfiguringWindows10IoTCoreforRaspberryPi2

2.DigitalI/O

2.1GettingStarted

2.2Demo1:HelloWorld:BlinkingLED

2.2.1Wiring

2.2.2WritingProgram

2.2.2.1CreatingaProject

2.2.2.2WritingCodes

2.2.3ConfiguringRemoteMachine

2.2.4Testing

2.2.5Debugging

2.3Demo2:LEDandPushbutton

2.3.1Wiring

2.3.2WritingProgram

2.3.3ConfiguringRemoteRaspberryPi

2.3.4Testing

3.SerialCommunication

3.1SerialPortonWindows10IoTCore

3.2DemoSerialCommunication

4.AnalogI/O

4.1GettingStarted

5.WorkingwithI2C/TWIProtocol

5.1GettingStarted

5.2Demo:SensorDeviceBasedI2C

5.2.1SensorDeviceBaseI2C

5.2.2WritingProgram

5.2.2.1CreatingaProject

5.2.2.2WritingCodes

5.2.2.3ConfiguringRemoteMachine

5.2.3Testing

6.WorkingwithSPIProtocol

6.1GettingStarted

6.2Demo:HelloSPI

6.2.1HardwareConfiguration

6.2.2WritingProgram

6.2.3Testing

SourceCode

Contact

Preface

IfyouhaveexperiencesinArduinodevelopmentusingSketchprogram,nowyoucandoportingyourArduinocodetoRaspberryPi2withWindows10IoTCore.ThisbookwaswrittentohelpanyonewhowantstogetstartedwithArduinoWiringwhichistargetedtoWindows10coreforRaspberryPi2.ItdescribesallthebasicelementsoftheArduinoWiringwithstep-by-stepapproach.

AgusKurniawan

MicrosoftMVP,2004-2015

Depok,January2016

1.SettingUpDevelopmentEnvironment

1.1RaspberryPi2

TheRaspberryPiisalowcost,credit-cardsizedcomputerthatplugsintoacomputermonitororTV,andusesastandardkeyboardandmouse(source:https://www.raspberrypi.org/help/what-is-a-raspberry-pi/).

TheRaspberryPi2comeswithamuchmorepowerfulprocessor(fourCortex-A7coreswithupto900MHz)andmorememory(1GBRAM).ThefollowingistechnicalspecificationofRaspberryPi2device:

ARM7QuadCoreCPU1GBRAM900MHzBoardClockSpeed40GPIOPins4xUSBPorts4PoleStereoOutput1xHDMIPort1x0/100Ethernet1xMicroSDCardslot

YoucanseeRaspberryPi2devicewithmodelBontheFigurebelow.

1.2GettingHardware

HowtogetRaspberryPi2device?

Officiallyyoucanbuyitfromtheofficialdistributor

RS,http://uk.rs-online.com/web/generalDisplay.html?id=raspberrypiElement14,http://www.element14.com/raspberrypi

YoualsobuyRaspberryPiperipheraldevicesforinstance,keyboard,mouse,HDMIcable,SDcard,USBhub,etc.

ItriedtolookforbuyingRaspberryPi2deviceandfoundthatthereareanotheroptionstobuy

ThePiHut,http://thepihut.comSparkfun,https://www.sparkfun.com/EXP-Tech,http://www.exp-tech.de/Cooking-hack,http://www.cooking-hacks.com/Amazon,http://www.amazon.comEbay,http://www.ebay.com

Youalsocanbuythisboardatyourlocalelectronicsstores.

1.3Windows10forRaspberryPi

MicrosofthasannouncedthattheyreleaseWindows10forRaspberryPi2,http://blogs.windows.com/buildingapps/2015/02/02/windows-10-coming-to-raspberry-pi-2/.NowMicrosoftalreadyreleasedWindows10previewforRaspberryPi2,http://blogs.windows.com/buildingapps/2015/04/29/microsoft-brings-windows-10-to-makers/.

Inthisbook,welearnhowtogetstartedwithWindows10IoTCoreforRaspberryPi2board.Inthisbook,IsupposeyouhaveknowledgeaboutWindows10IoTCore.Ihavewrittene-book,GettingStartedwithWindows10forRaspberryPi2,http://blog.aguskurniawan.net/post/Getting-Started-with-Windows-10-for-Raspberry-2.aspx.

MakesureyouhavedeployedWindows10IoTCorebuild10586orlatertoworkwithArduinoWiringdevelopment.

1.4DevelopmentTools

Inthisbook,IuseVisualStudio2015withOSWindows10x64.

1.5ConfiguringWindows10IoTCoreforRaspberryPi2

TowriteaprogramforArduinoWiringonRaspberryPi2withWindows10IoTCore,youshouldconfigureyourWindows10IoTCoreinDirectMemoryMappedDriver.

Toconfigurethatmode,openabrowserandnavigatetohttp://windows10iotcore_ipaddress:8080.Thedefaultauthenticationisusername:Administratorandpassword:p@ssw0rd.

SelectDevices.YoushouldseeControllerDriverconfiguration.

ChangeittoDirectMemoryMappedDriver.Then,clickUpdateDriver.

Afterthat,rebootWindows10IoTCore.

NowyourRaspberryPi2withWindows10IoTCoreisreadyfordeveloping.

2.DigitalI/O

ThischapterexplainshowtoworkwithnetworkinginRaspberryPi2.

2.1GettingStarted

Inthischapter,weworkwithDigitalI/O.Ingeneral,digitalRead()anddigitalWrite()workwithRaspberryPi.

Let’sstarttocreateprojects.

2.2Demo1:HelloWorld:BlinkingLED

Inthissection,welearnhowtogetstartedwithRaspberryPiprogrammingonWindows10IoTCore.WebuildLEDblinkingapplication.Weuse3LEDstoillustrateourcase.

2.2.1Wiring

Inthissection,welearnhowtowritedatausingGPIOonRaspberryPi.Wecanuse3LEDstoillustrateourcase.

OurLEDsareconnectedtoGPIOpins:GPIO13,GPIO6,andGPIO5.LEDgroundpinisconnectedtoGPIOGND.

Thefollowingisourdemowiring.

2.2.2WritingProgram

Inthissection,wedevelopprogramtoaccessRaspberryPiGPIOusingVisualStudio2015.

2.2.2.1CreatingaProject

Firstly,wecreateaproject.OpenVisualStudio2015.Then,youcancreateanewproject.SelectVisualC++->Windows>WindowsIoTCore.ChooseArduinoWiringApplicationforWindowsIoTCoretemplate.

FillLedBlinkingonprojectname.Ifdone,clickOKbutton.

Ifyoudon’tseethistemplate,youcandownloadandinstallitonhttps://visualstudiogallery.msdn.microsoft.com/55b357e1-a533-43ad-82a5-a88ac4b01dec.

Then,youcanseeSketchprogramonVisualStudio2015codeeditor.

2.2.2.2WritingCodes

NowwecanmodifyourcodeonBlinking.inofile.Pleaseopenthatfileandwritethiscode.

voidsetup()

{

pinMode(GPIO13,OUTPUT);

pinMode(GPIO6,OUTPUT);

pinMode(GPIO5,OUTPUT);

}

voidloop()

{

digitalWrite(GPIO13,HIGH);

digitalWrite(GPIO6,LOW);

digitalWrite(GPIO5,LOW);

delay(500);

digitalWrite(GPIO13,LOW);

digitalWrite(GPIO6,HIGH);

digitalWrite(GPIO5,LOW);

delay(500);

digitalWrite(GPIO13,LOW);

digitalWrite(GPIO6,LOW);

digitalWrite(GPIO5,HIGH);

delay(500);

}

Savethiscode.

2.2.3ConfiguringRemoteMachine

YoushouldchangetargetisARMandRemoteMachine.

Then,openprojectproperties.SelectDebugging.FillRaspberryPi2hostname,suchasminwinpc.Then,selectUniversal(UnencryptedProtocol)onAuthenticationType.

Savetheconfiguration.

Nowyoucompiletheprogram.Makesureyoudon’tgetanyerroroncompiling.

2.2.4Testing

Ifyourprogramdoesn’tgeterrorsoncompiling,thenyoucanrunthisprogram.ClickRemoteMachineonDebugmenu,seetheFigurebelow.

Ifsuccess,youshouldseeLEDsareblinking.

2.2.5Debugging

Wecandebugourprogram.Justsetbreakpointsonyourcode.

Afterthat,youcanrundebugbyclickmenuDebug.Thedebuggerwillstoponyourbreakpoints.

2.3Demo2:LEDandPushbutton

WebuildasimpledemotoillustrateI/OonRaspberryPiGPIO.WneedapushbuttonandLED.Ifyoupresspushbutton,LEDwilllighting.Otherwise,itwilloff.

2.3.1Wiring

ConnectyourLEDintoGPIO13andpushbuttononGPIO6.Thefollowingisourwiring.

2.3.2WritingProgram

Createaproject,callPushLed,onVisualStudio2015.Pleasefollowinstructionsonsection2.2.2.1.

WritethiscodeforPushLed.ino.voidsetup()

{

pinMode(GPIO13,OUTPUT);

pinMode(GPIO6,INPUT);

}

voidloop()

{

intstate=digitalRead(GPIO6);

digitalWrite(GPIO13,state);

delay(500);

}

2.3.3ConfiguringRemoteRaspberryPi

WemustconfigureourremoteRaspberryPiandproject.Pleasefollowinstructionsonsection2.2.3.

2.3.4Testing

NowyoucandeployandexecuteprogramintoWindows10IoTCoreonRaspberryPi2board.

Presspushbuttontogetaresponsefromtheprogram.

Afterpressed,youshouldseethelightingLED.

3.SerialCommunication

InthischapterweimplementserialportonRaspberryPiusingArduinoWiring.

3.1SerialPortonWindows10IoTCore

MicrosoftremoveSerialobjectsowecan’tuseSerialinourprogramnow.Pleasecheckitonhttps://ms-iot.github.io/content/en-US/win10/ArduinoWiringPortingGuide.htm#port_serial.Tosenddatatotheprogramoutput,MicrosoftprovideLog().WecanseethemessageonOutputwindowofVisualStudio2015.

3.2DemoSerialCommunication

Fordemo,Iuseaprogramfromsection2.2.WeaddmessagesusingLog()sowecanmonitorthesemessageonOutputwindow.

CreateArduinoWiringproject,calledSerialDemo.Seesection2.2.2.1.Then,writethiscodeonSerialDemo.ino.

voidsetup()

{

pinMode(GPIO13,OUTPUT);

pinMode(GPIO6,OUTPUT);

pinMode(GPIO5,OUTPUT);

}

voidloop()

{

Log(L"LED1ON\n");

digitalWrite(GPIO13,HIGH);

digitalWrite(GPIO6,LOW);

digitalWrite(GPIO5,LOW);

delay(500);

Log(L"LED2ON\n");

digitalWrite(GPIO13,LOW);

digitalWrite(GPIO6,HIGH);

digitalWrite(GPIO5,LOW);

delay(500);

Log(L"LED3ON\n");

digitalWrite(GPIO13,LOW);

digitalWrite(GPIO6,LOW);

digitalWrite(GPIO5,HIGH);

delay(500);

}

ConfigureyourprojecttoRemotemachineforRaspberryPi.Seesection2.2.3.

Afterrunning,youcanseemessageonOutputwindowfromVisualStudio.

4.AnalogI/O

ThischapterexplainshowtoworkwithAnalogI/OinRaspberryPi2.

4.1GettingStarted

Unfortunately,RaspberryPi2doesn’thaveanalogI/Osotechnicallywecan’tuseanalogRead()andanalogWrite()inourprogram.Alternatively,wecanaccessAnalogsensorsviaSPIandI2C.YoucanalsouseICssuchasMCP3008,whichsupportforconvertingfromanalogtoSPIorI2C.

Asampleofsensormodule-basedI2Ccanbereadonchapter5.

5.WorkingwithI2C/TWIProtocol

ThischapterexplainshowtoworkwithI2ConRaspberryPi2boardandwriteprogramtoaccessI2C.

5.1GettingStarted

TheI2C(Inter-IntegratedCircuit)buswasdesignedbyPhilipsintheearly’80stoalloweasycommunicationbetweencomponentswhichresideonthesamecircuitboard.TWIstandsforTwoWireInterfaceandformostmartsthisbusisidenticaltoI²C.ThenameTWIwasintroducedbyAtmelandothercompaniestoavoidconflictswithtrademarkissuesrelatedtoI²C.

I2Cbusconsistsoftwowires,SDA(SerialDataLine)andSCL(SerialClockLine).ThefollowingisI2CbusonRaspberryPi2board.

ToconnectdeviceviaI2C,youcandothefollowingconnection.

Youshoulddefinewhichtobemasterandslave.

Wealsocandefine1masterandtwoslavedevices.

TherearemanydeviceswhichuseI2Ctocommunicatetoother.ThefollowingisalistofsampledevicewithI2Cenabled:

EEPROMICwithI2CsupportADC/DACwithI2Csupport,forinstance,http://www.adafruit.com/product/935RealTimeClock(RTC),http://www.adafruit.com/products/264LCD+KeypadmodulewithI2Csupport,forinstance,http://www.adafruit.com/product/1109

Fortesting,IusedPCF8591AD/DAConvertermodulewithsensorandactuatordevices.Youcanfinditonthefollowingonlinestore:

Amazon,http://www.amazon.com/PCF8591-Converter-Module-Digital-Conversion/dp/B00BXX4UWC/eBay,http://www.ebay.comDealextreme,http://www.dx.com/p/pcf8591-ad-da-analog-to-digital-digital-to-analog-converter-module-w-dupont-cable-deep-blue-336384Aliexpress,http://www.aliexpress.com/

Inaddition,youcanfindthisdeviceonyourlocalelectronicsstore/onlinestore.

Thismodulehasminiformmodeltoo,forinstance,youcanfinditonAmazon,http://www.amazon.com/WaveShare-PCF8591T-Converter-Evaluation-Development/dp/B00KM6X2OI/.

ThismoduleusePCF8591ICandyoucanreadthedatasheetonthefollowingURLs.

http://www.electrodragon.com/w/images/e/ed/PCF8591.pdfhttp://www.nxp.com/documents/data_sheet/PCF8591.pdf

OnWindows10IoTCoreforRaspberryPi2,wecanaccessI2CviaArduinoWiring

program.

5.2Demo:SensorDeviceBasedI2C

TheobjectiveofthissectionistoillustratehowtoreaddataonI2Cbus.WeusePCF8591AD/DAconverterwithsensordevicesasI2Cexternalsource.Youcanreadthismoduleonthislink,http://www.electrodragon.com/w/images/8/89/PCF8591_ADC_DAC_ADDA_Analog_Digital_Converter_Module_schematic_.pdf.Inourscenario,wewillreadthreesensordevicesinPCF8591AD/DAmodulesviaI2C.

Let’sstart!.

5.2.1SensorDeviceBaseI2C

NowyoucanconnectyourPCF8591AD/DAtoRaspberryPi2board.Thefollowingisdemowiring:

ModuleSCL—>RaspberryPi2boardSCLModuleSDA—>RaspberryPi2boardSDAModuleVCC–>RaspberryPi2board+3.3VModuleGND–>RaspberryPi2boardGND

Thefollowingisasampleofhardwareimplementation.

5.2.2WritingProgram

Inthissection,webuildaprogramtoaccesssensorviaI2Cport.

5.2.2.1CreatingaProject

CreateanewprojectonVisualStudio2015,calledSensorI2cDemo.Followtheinstructionsonsection2.2.2.1

5.2.2.2WritingCodes

NowwemodifyourcodeonSensorI2CDemo.inofile.Pleaseopenthatfileandwritethiscode.

#include<Wire.h>

#definePCF8591(0x90>>1)//I2Cbusaddress

#definePCF8591_ADC_CH00x00//thermistor

#definePCF8591_ADC_CH10x01//photo-voltaiccell

#definePCF8591_ADC_CH20x02

#definePCF8591_ADC_CH30x03//potentiometer

ULONGADC1,ADC2,ADC3;

voidsetup()

{

//putyoursetupcodehere,torunonce:

Wire.begin();

}

voidloop()

{

//readthermistor

Wire.beginTransmission(PCF8591);

Wire.write((byte)PCF8591_ADC_CH0);

Wire.endTransmission();

delay(500);

Wire.requestFrom(PCF8591,2);

ADC1=Wire.read();

ADC1=Wire.read();

Log(L"Thermistor=%d\n",ADC1);

//readphoto-voltaiccell

Wire.beginTransmission(PCF8591);

Wire.write(PCF8591_ADC_CH1);

Wire.endTransmission();

delay(500);

Wire.requestFrom(PCF8591,2);

ADC2=Wire.read();

ADC2=Wire.read();

Log(L"Photo-voltaiccell=%d\n",ADC2);

//potentiometer

Wire.beginTransmission(PCF8591);

Wire.write(PCF8591_ADC_CH3);

Wire.endTransmission();

delay(500);

Wire.requestFrom(PCF8591,2);

ADC3=Wire.read();

ADC3=Wire.read();

Log(L"potentiometer=%d\n",ADC3);

delay(1000);

}

Youcanseethatweobtainsensordatafromthesecondbytefromsensordevice.

Savethiscode.

5.2.2.3ConfiguringRemoteMachine

Pleaseconfigureyourremotemachineandprojectbasedoninstructionfromsection2.2.3

5.2.3Testing

Nowyoucancompileanduploadtheprogramtotheboardindebuggingmode.

Thefollowingisasampleoutputondebugoutput

6.WorkingwithSPIProtocol

ThischapterexplainshowtoworkSPIonRaspberryPi2boardandhowtoaccessSPIusingArduinoWiring.

6.1GettingStarted

TheSerialPeripheralInterface(SPI)isacommunicationbusthatisusedtointerfaceoneormoreslaveperipheralintegratedcircuits(ICs)toasinglemasterSPIdevice;usuallyamicrocontrollerormicroprocessorofsomesort.RaspberryPi2hastwoSPIports.

SPIinRaspberrycanbedefinedonthefollowingpins:

SPI0:

MOSI(GPIO19)MISO(GPIO21)SCLK(GPIO23)CS0(GPIO24)CS1(GPIO26)

SPI1:

MOSI(GPIO38)MISO(GPIO35)SCLK(GPIO40)CS0(GPIO11)

YoucanseethesepinsontheRaspberryPiGPIOpins,showninFigurebelow.

RaspberryPiworksasSPIMaster.IfyouwanttoconnecttoSPISlaveDevices,youcanconnectwiththefollowingconfiguration.

(imagesource:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_Peripheral_Interface_Bus)

6.2Demo:HelloSPI

TheobjectiveofthedemoistogetstartedhowtoworkwithSPIonRaspberryPi2boardusingArduinoWiring.Inthisscenario,weapplySPIloopback.

Thefollowingisourscenario:

SendonebytedatatoSPI0ReceiveonebytefromSPI0

BecausewebuildSPIloopback,wewillreceivewhatwesent.

Let’sstart.

6.2.1HardwareConfiguration

Hardwareconfigurationiseasy.YoujustconnectMOSIandMISOpinswitheachother.Inthisdemo,IusedSPI0onRaspberryPi2boardsoIconnectMOSI(GPIO19)pintoMISO(GPIO21)pinthroughajumpercable.

Thefollowingisasampleofhardwareconfiguration.

6.2.2WritingProgram

CreateanewprojectusingVisualStudio2015,calledSPILoopback.Pleasereadsection2.2.2.

Then,modify*.inofilewiththefollowingcode.#include<SPI.h>

ULONGsendData,recvData;

//source:

//http://forum.arduino.cc/index.php?topic=197633.0

ULONGrandomDigit(){

unsignedlongt=micros();

byter=(t%10)+1;

for(bytei=1;i<=4;i++){

t/=10;

r*=((t%10)+1);

r%=11;

}

return(r-1);

}

voidsetup()

{

SPI.begin();

}

voidloop()

{

sendData=randomDigit();

recvData=SPI.transfer(sendData);

Log(L"Send=%d\n",sendData);

Log(L"Recv=%d\n",recvData);

delay(800);

}

Savethiscode.

Trytoconfigureyourprojectandremotemachinebasedonsection2.2.3.

6.2.3Testing

CompileanduploadyourprogramtoremoteRaspberryPi2board.YoushouldseesentandreceiveddataonOutputconsole.

AsampleoutputcanbeseeninFigurebelow.

SourceCode

Sourcecodecanbedownloadedonhttp://www.aguskurniawan.net/book/codes_arwir.zip.

Contact

Ifyouhavequestionrelatedtothisbook,pleasecontactmeataguskur@hotmail.com.Myblog:http://blog.aguskurniawan.net.