Living and Working in Japan: Tales from an Australian Doing Business in Osaka
Getting Started - A Guide to Doing Business in Japan
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JMG CONSULTING UK LTD| Getting started: A guide to doing business in Japan 1
Getting started:
A guide to doing
business in Japan
April, 2014
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Table of ContentsWhy Japan? ............................................................................................................................................. 4
But isnt Japan a difficult market to break into?..................................................................................... 4
Relationships ........................................................................................................................................... 5
Quick guide to doing business in Japan .................................................................................................. 6
1. Market Analysis......................................................................................................................... 6
2. Test the market for your product(s) or service(s)................................................................. 6
3. Route to Market......................................................................................................................... 6
4. Sales and Marketing.................................................................................................................. 6
Protecting your IP abroad ....................................................................................................................... 8
UK Trade Mark Registration ............................................................................................................ 8
International Trade Mark Registration ........................................................................................... 8
Routes to Market .................................................................................................................................. 10
Using an import agent, distributor or re-seller ............................................................................. 10
Setting up an office ....................................................................................................................... 11
Joint ventures/licensing ................................................................................................................ 13
E-Commerce Website ................................................................................................................... 13
Acquisition .................................................................................................................................... 14
Franchising .................................................................................................................................... 14
Japan based business consultancy ................................................................................................ 14
Tax considerations ........................................................................................................................ 14
Setting up a business in Japan .............................................................................................................. 15
Kabushiki Gaisha time line and associated costs .......................................................................... 15
Godo Gaisha (GK) .......................................................................................................................... 17
Godo Gaisha vs Kabushiki Gaisha ................................................................................................. 17
HMRC and what you need to do ........................................................................................................... 17
CHIEF (Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight) ............................................................. 17
Export documentation .......................................................................................................................... 18
Import Procedures for Japan ................................................................................................................ 18
Import licences .............................................................................................................................. 18
Customs......................................................................................................................................... 18
Bill of Lading .................................................................................................................................. 18
Sales and Marketing Strategy Development ........................................................................................ 19
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Market research ............................................................................................................................ 19
First mover advantage .................................................................................................................. 19
Sources of Japanese market data ......................................................................................................... 20
Identifying your ideal customer(s) in Japan .................................................................................. 21
Product/service considerations .................................................................................................... 21
Payments and Pricing ............................................................................................................................ 22
Localised pricing ............................................................................................................................ 22
Preferred methods of payment in Japan ...................................................................................... 22
International Payment Gateways ................................................................................................. 22
Japanese Business Etiquette ................................................................................................................. 23
The giving and receiving of business cards ................................................................................... 23
Business Meetings ........................................................................................................................ 23
Sources of assistance with exporting to Japan ..................................................................................... 24
http://c/Users/Jacqui/Google%20Drive/JMG%20Consulting/JMG/Client%20Folders/UKTI%20Japan/Reports/Getting%20started%20in%20Japan/Getting%20Started%20in%20Japan%20v3.docx%23_Toc387770929http://c/Users/Jacqui/Google%20Drive/JMG%20Consulting/JMG/Client%20Folders/UKTI%20Japan/Reports/Getting%20started%20in%20Japan/Getting%20Started%20in%20Japan%20v3.docx%23_Toc387770929 -
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Why Japan?
Japan is the worlds third largest economy after the US and China and second largest computer and
telecommunications market in the world. The World Bank ranks Japan as the 27th
easiest country to
do business with out of 189 economies1.
The Japanese market is characterised by consumers with high levels of disposable income who are
drawn to premium, high-end goods and services. Japanese companies often exhibit a global outlook
and a willingness to invest long-term in viable products and services. Japan is synonymous with
quality and innovation and this goes hand-in-hand with Japanese companies commitment and
loyalty to business partners.2 Furthermore, for many foreign companies, Japan has also become the
place for development of new products and concepts.
There are strategic advantages and cost advantages in doing business in Japan. It is possible to setup a business entity in Japan in just 14 days and successful business in Japan can generate a
significant proportion of global profits within 3 - 5 years.3 According to a global study of online
consumer behaviour commissioned by UPS in 2013, by 2016 it is expected that 40% of all e-
commerce sales will come from the Asia-Pacific region.4
Japan has a highly developed, modern infrastructure of roads, highways, railroads, subways, airports,
harbours, warehouses and telecommunications for the distribution of all types of goods and services.
Japan has over 20 ports and 5 international airports. Tokyo International Airport (HND) and Narita
International Airport (NRT) are the two major airports in the Tokyo region while Osaka International
Airport (ITM) and Kansai International Airport (KIX) are the two major airports serving the Osaka
region of Japan. Japan's ports, airports and import processing are generally well organised and
efficient.
If you succeed in Japan, you can succeed anywhere as it means you have developed a
product/service which has met the high expectations of the discerning Japanese market which has
extremely high standards for quality.
But isnt Japan a difficult market to break into?
UK companies may be concerned about Japans complicated distribution channels, a high
concentration of domestic competitors and Japans unique business culture. However, thanks to the
internet, a lack of physical geographical boundaries means itseasier to reach customers in Japan
than ever before. In addition, global payment gateways and mobile payment solutions offer
convenient ways to receive funds in different currencies. While Japan does have a well established
domestic market in many sectors, there is an exoticness and status associated with Western brands
1World Bank Group, Ease of doing business in Japan, 2014.www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/japan. Accessed 24/03/14.
2www.austrade.gov.au/Export/Export-Markets/Countries/Japan/Doing-business#.Uy6na4UVUUg
3Venture Japan, www.venturejapan.com. Setting up in Japan, Accessed 28/03/14.
4Source: United Parcel Service of America, Inc, UPS Pulse of the Online Shopper: A Customer Experience Study, September 2013.http://pressroom.ups.com/pressroom/staticfiles/pdf/fact_sheets/2013_PulseShopper_FINAL.pdf.Accessed 21/03/14
http://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/japanhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/japanhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/japanhttp://www.austrade.gov.au/Export/Export-Markets/Countries/Japan/Doing-business#.Uy6na4UVUUghttp://www.austrade.gov.au/Export/Export-Markets/Countries/Japan/Doing-business#.Uy6na4UVUUghttp://www.austrade.gov.au/Export/Export-Markets/Countries/Japan/Doing-business#.Uy6na4UVUUghttp://www.venturejapan.com/http://www.venturejapan.com/http://www.venturejapan.com/http://pressroom.ups.com/pressroom/staticfiles/pdf/fact_sheets/2013_PulseShopper_FINAL.pdfhttp://pressroom.ups.com/pressroom/staticfiles/pdf/fact_sheets/2013_PulseShopper_FINAL.pdfhttp://pressroom.ups.com/pressroom/staticfiles/pdf/fact_sheets/2013_PulseShopper_FINAL.pdfhttp://www.venturejapan.com/http://www.austrade.gov.au/Export/Export-Markets/Countries/Japan/Doing-business#.Uy6na4UVUUghttp://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/japan -
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that drives Japanese consumer demand for Western products and services. Moreover, Japans
business culture isnt as challenging as many businesses believe patience, integrity, respect for
their business customs and a long term view to business success are the main ingredients to success
in Japan.
Relationships
Japans business culture attaches a high degree of importance to personal relationships and these
take time to establish and nurture. A strong network of personal contacts is vital in the Japanese
market. It is also advisable to understand the network of relationships which your partners and
competitors work within.
It can be difficult for UK firms to gauge the real thoughts and intentions behind the politeness of
Japanese people. It is a common mistake for Western companies to return from negotiations with
Japanese businesses to celebrate success while in time, it becomes apparent that the Japanese are
in fact, not interested in doing business with your company. This is where a local representative
who has experience of doing business in Japan can be invaluable as they will be able to read
between the lines of the behaviour and language used by your Japanese counterparts and interpret
them for you to minimise your chances of misunderstanding and miscommunication. The pace of
decision-making in Japan is generally much slower than in the UK. Patience and repeated follow-up
are typically required to successfully close a deal. However, once the Japanese have decided to do
business with you, things can then move very quickly.
Historically, traditional big industry in Japan was organised around industry groups called Keiretsu.Each Keiretsu tended to have a large bank and trading company at the centre with a large number of
companies in many different areas grouped around it. Traditionally, Japanese companies would only
do business within the same Keiretsu. High levels of merger and acquisition activity in Japan in
recent years brought about by challenging economic conditions, have seen a decrease in the
influence of the Keiretsu, however Keiretsu relationships are still hugely important in Japanese
business. In Japan today, you will find both competitive bidding and cases where traditional business
relationships take priority over achieving the best price. Therefore, it may be useful for UK
companies to research and understand the Keiretsu structure in their targeted business sector or
industry and construct their business plan accordingly.
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Quick guide to doing business in Japan
Here is a quick checklist of things you need to do on your journey to doing business in Japan:
1. Market Analysis
o Research and understand the opportunities in the Japanese market for your
product(s) and service(s) including the potential market value of your products and
services in Japan. Include a SWOT analysis as part of your research.
o Identify any government bureaucracy, certification or regulations (import tariffs or
quotas, approval processes, testing processes, labelling requirements etc.) that may
apply to your products and services in Japan.
o Conduct a competitor analysis.
o Profile your ideal prospective customers in Japan and complete pre-launch product
evaluations.
2. Test the market for your product(s) or service(s)
o Attend a trade show or trade mission to test the market in Japan for your product(s)
or service(s).
o Contact UKTIJapan([email protected])or Export to Japan
([email protected])for details of support available to UK firms wanting to
exhibit in Japan or participate in a Trade Mission to Japan.
3. Route to Market
o Determine your route to market (i.e. direct selling online, distribution, joint-venture,
representative office, acquisition etc).o Check your business insurance covers you in Japan. Most standard business
insurance policies in the UK do not cover companies for business outside of the EU.
o Locate office space that meets your market entry strategy, cost and location needs.
o If applicable, setup a local IT infrastructure that is fully integrated with your head-
office infrastructure. Also ensure that all utilities are connected e.g. broadband,
electricity, telephone.
o Recruit relevant staff (e.g. Sales Manager, Business Development Manager etc) and
induct them into your corporate culture and sales and marketing strategy.
4.
Sales and Marketingo Clearly define your sales and marketing strategy for Japan including online, in-store
and mobile channels as appropriate.
o Decide on branding for your company, product(s) and service(s) - this may be
different to your branding for the UK market.
o Consider localising your web site, corporate literature, business cards, sales and
technical materials and presentations.
o Identify potential distributors, suppliers, joint-venture partners, acquisition targets
etc., negotiate distribution agreements with them and help to integrate them into
your existing sales channel infrastructure.
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected] -
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o Check that the financial controls and systems in place for doing business with or in
Japan are fully compliant with both Japanese and UK accounting requirements.
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Protecting your IP abroad
Before you launch your product or service in a foreign market, consider whether you have sufficient
protection of your brand name and logo. If you have built up significant value in your brand name or
logo, it may be worth considering registering them as a trade mark.
To register a trademark in Japan, you first have to have the trade mark registered in the UK.
However, an international trade mark application can be submitted while a UK trade mark
application is in progress. It is important to note that the international trade mark application will
be linked to the domestic registration. This means that if your UK trade mark registration is allowed
to lapse due to lack of use etc, then the international registration will also end. Similarly, the
international trade mark must be identicalto your UK trade mark.
There is an international system of trade mark classification which allocates trade marks to a specificclass of goods and services. There are 45 different classes of goods and services. A list of these
classes can be found atwww.ipo.gov.uk/tm/t-find/t-find-class.htm .
UK Trade Mark Registration
To register a trade mark in the UK, simply go to www.ipo.gov.uk/types/tm/t-applying/t-apply.htm
and follow the step-by-step instructions. Trade mark registration is usually valid for 10 years.
International Trade Mark Registration
For international registration of a trade mark, there are two main options: the first is to file a
trademark application directly with the trademark office in Japan, or you can apply through theMadrid Protocol which is administered in Geneva by the World Intellectual Property Organisation
(W.I.PO.).
You must submit your application to WIPO to register a trademark in Japan through the UK
Intellectual Property Office who will then submit it on your behalf. You cannot submit the
documentation directly to WIPO. An international application form can be downloaded at
www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/madrid/.../form_mm2-editable1.pdf along with notes on how to
complete the form atwww.wipo.int/export/sites/www/madrid/en/.../form_mm2_inf.pdf.
Fill in the information requested in the form and select Japan as the designated country where you
are seeking international trade mark protection. To give an idea of the fees involved, as of March2014, a colour trade mark was 903 Swiss Francs (approx. 612) + 40 IPO charge for submission +
Japan country charges of 114 Swiss Francs (77) for one class of goods/services and 87 Swiss Francs
( 59) per additional class.5Please note that these costs are indicative and are subject to change.
Any questions about UK or international trade mark filings can be sent to [email protected]
or you can call the Intellectual Property Office direct on +44 (0)300 300 2000. Contact details for the
Japan Patent Office (JPO) can be found atwww.jpo.go.jp.
5World Intellectual Property Office, Schedule of Fees and Individual Fees, 6/03/14,www.wipo.int/madrid/en/madridgazette/remarks/ind_taxes.html.Accessed 28/03/14.
http://www.ipo.gov.uk/tm/t-find/t-find-class.htmhttp://www.ipo.gov.uk/tm/t-find/t-find-class.htmhttp://www.ipo.gov.uk/tm/t-find/t-find-class.htmhttp://www.ipo.gov.uk/types/tm/t-applying/t-apply.htmhttp://www.ipo.gov.uk/types/tm/t-applying/t-apply.htmhttp://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/madrid/.../form_mm2-editable1.pdfhttp://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/madrid/.../form_mm2-editable1.pdfhttp://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/madrid/en/.../form_mm2_inf.pdfhttp://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/madrid/en/.../form_mm2_inf.pdfhttp://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/madrid/en/.../form_mm2_inf.pdfmailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.jpo.go.jp/http://www.jpo.go.jp/http://www.jpo.go.jp/http://www.wipo.int/madrid/en/madridgazette/remarks/ind_taxes.htmlhttp://www.wipo.int/madrid/en/madridgazette/remarks/ind_taxes.htmlhttp://www.wipo.int/madrid/en/madridgazette/remarks/ind_taxes.htmlhttp://www.jpo.go.jp/mailto:[email protected]://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/madrid/en/.../form_mm2_inf.pdfhttp://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/madrid/.../form_mm2-editable1.pdfhttp://www.ipo.gov.uk/types/tm/t-applying/t-apply.htmhttp://www.ipo.gov.uk/tm/t-find/t-find-class.htm -
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Routes to Market
There are many routes to market entry for UK firms wanting to do business in Japan:
Using a distributor or re-seller
Setting up an office
Set up your own Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) company in Japan
Joint ventures/Licensing of your companys technology/IP
Direct sales via your own e-commerce site
Established online ecommerce site such as Amazon Japan www.amazon.co.jp, Nissen
www.nissen.co.jp, Yahoo! Shopping Japanwww.yahoo.co.jpor Rakutenwww.rakuten.co.jp.
Serviced office
Virtual office
Acquisition
Franchising Japan based business consultancy or OEM sales representative.
If you are just starting to do business in Japan, then the research done in your first month of
business (e.g. the data accumulated regarding your product's value and projections of future
revenues) will be crucial in deciding whether starting a Japanese company, setting up a
representative office or contracting a distributor is the most efficient route to market for your
company.
To help you decide which business entity is best for you in Japan:
1.
Examine each entity's administrative requirements and tax structure
2. Consider the statutory paid-in capital requirements for each type of business entity
3. Investigate how HMRC treats income from each entity
4.
Estimate the fixed and variable costs each entity will incur to achieve your projected revenue
The most frequently used type of business entities used by foreign companies when starting a
business in Japan are Kabushiki Gaisha and Godo Gaisha. A Kabushiki Gaisha is similar to a plc in the
UK while a Godo Gaisha is the equivalent to a Limited company in the UK. Most SMEs enter Japan
with the support of local partners.
Setting up a Japanese company or representative office is a major commitment which needs to becarefully structured in order to extract maximum value from your investment.
Using an import agent, distributor or re-seller
Hiring a reputable import agent or distributor is a popular first step for SMEs entering the Japanese
market for the first time. Using a distributor or re-seller to take care of product localisation, in
country marketing and to provide technical support can be a cost effective route to market for firms
dipping their toes into the Japanese market for the first time.
Most Japanese people prefer to do business with someone they have met face-to-face and have
established a rapport and level of trust with. Utilising the strong relationships built by
http://www.amazon.co.jp/http://www.amazon.co.jp/http://www.nissen.co.jp/http://www.nissen.co.jp/http://www.yahoo.co.jp/http://www.yahoo.co.jp/http://www.yahoo.co.jp/http://www.rakuten.co.jp/http://www.rakuten.co.jp/http://www.rakuten.co.jp/http://www.venturejapan.com/japan-business-months-1-3.htmhttp://www.venturejapan.com/japan-business-months-1-3.htmhttp://www.venturejapan.com/japan-business-months-1-3.htmhttp://www.venturejapan.com/japan-business-months-1-3.htmhttp://www.rakuten.co.jp/http://www.yahoo.co.jp/http://www.nissen.co.jp/http://www.amazon.co.jp/ -
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agents/distributors with their customers over many years can help UK companies quickly expand
their sales network. In addition, using third parties for introductions such as UKTI Japan, JETRO,
Trade Associations, Chambers of Commerce, other Japanese companies or other UK companies who
have successfully done business in Japan, can accelerate the relationship building process as they are
effectively vouching for you to your Japanese counterparts.
Distributors in Japan usually cover a specific territory or industry and importers are often appointed
as sole agents for the entire country. Exclusive distribution agreements may be used to encourage
loyalty and strong commitment from a Japanese agent. While the Japanese Fair Trade Commission
has guidelines applicable to exclusive agency contracts, there are no statutory damages required
upon termination of an agency agreement. However, given the close-knit nature of business circles
and the traditional wariness towards foreign suppliers in Japan, replacing an agent or distributor
could damage a UK firms reputation and even compromise its entire market strategy if not
handled sensitively. Japanese agents may request parting compensation in the event the UK
exporter decides to dissolve the distribution agreement. Since this is common practice in Japan, UK
companies should address this eventuality prior to signing a contract.
UK companies should ensure comprehensive due diligence is carried out prior to the signing of any
distribution agreements. In addition, UK firms should check whether the distributor handles
competing lines, is restricted to operating in a particular industry group (keiretsu) or has any other
potential conflicts of interest.
Another important consideration is sales commissions paid to agents and distributors. Under an
agency contract, the supplier normally invoices the agent for the same amount that the agent will
sell to the customer (back-to-back). The supplier then pays a sales commission to the agent at the
percentage provided for in the agency contract or agreement. Under a distributorship contract, the
supplier sells the product to the distributor, who then adds a mark-up which determines the final
sales price to the customer. Commission rates vary according to the product and contract terms.
Once an agent or distributor agreement is signed and the UK companys products gain a foothold in
the Japanese market, the UK company may want to establish a representative office in Japan to
support the distributor's sales and marketing efforts.
Setting up an office
Representative OfficeThe representative office is the easiest way of establishing an office in Japan and is typically used
when a foreign company wants to conduct market research in Japan before committing to a branch
or subsidiary. Under Japanese law, a representative office can only engage in the limited business
activities of purchasing and storing assets, and auxiliary services such as advertising, information
gathering and market research.
A representative office cannot participate in sales activities but can supply information to
distributors, communicate prices and terms of sale and identify sales opportunities. There is no legal
restriction on the number of employees a representative office can have and as it is considered an
extension of the parent company there are no shareholding requirements or restrictions.
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There are no legal registration requirements for a representative office and there is no requirement
to report the direct inward investment to the Ministry of Finance via the Bank of Japan which is
required under the Foreign Exchange Law for Branch entities. The representative office needs to
have a representative resident of Japan (i.e. someone with a legal address and right to work in
Japan). Note that where there are employees receiving remuneration into a Japanese bank account,
there are payroll and social insurance registration requirements.
A representative office needs to be able to show the following in order to prove existence:
A lease for office space in its own name - the lease for a representative officesspace may be
signed between the head office in the home country and the Japanese building owner. In
many cases, however, the owner will require that the representative office have a guarantor
resident in Japan
A utility bill in the name of the representative office
A copy of the contract between the representative and the foreign company.
A representative office can hold a bank account in Japan but is not required to retain books and
records in Japan unless the representative office claims input tax credits. There is no statutory audit
requirement and representative offices are not subject to taxation in Japan.
Subsidiary or Branch Office
The simplest form for a foreign company to establish a base for business operations in Japan is to set
up a branch office. The branch office can begin business operations as soon as an office location is
secured, the branch office representative determined, and the necessary information registered
with the Legal Affairs Office. A branch office does not have its own legal corporate status, but
instead is deemed to be an extended arm of the foreign company.
A branch office:
Must be registered with the Japanese Ministry of Justices LegalAffairs Office
Must have a registered representative who is resident in Japan
Must have a registered office in Japan (can be the representative's home address)
A branch office can operate a bank account, rent office space, lease equipment and do most
other things a domestic company can do
A branch office can employ any number of employees but must adhere to all requirementsof the Labour Standards Law
A branch office is governed by Japan's Commercial Code and is liable under Japanese law for
its debts etc
A branch office is subject to corporate income tax on all of its Japan income, including all
revenue derived in Japan by its foreign parent
A branch office is not required to deduct any withholding taxes when transferring revenue
back to the foreign parent
The head-office is allowed to assign some part of its G&A costs to the branch-office to offset
against Japanese corporate tax
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A branch-office can 'roll-up' any year's losses and carry them forward for a maximum of
9 years to offset against profits when calculating corporate taxes
A branch-office cannot be directly converted to a Japanese company so the corporate tax
benefit of rolled-up losses will be lost if for any reason a switch is made to a kabushiki gaisha
or godo gaisha prior to the rolled-up losses being offset.
Serviced Office
In the case of service companies, there are various partnering scenarios. To fully localise and
replicate the Western companys service menu, ajoint venture partner willing to commit significant
staffing, infrastructure, and market development funding is recommended. If the service can be
delivered remotely, a pure sales agency relationship will suffice.
Serviced Office Considerations:
Recruit distribution partners
Strategic customers
Investors
Western companies must calibrate quality and delivery levels to meet Japanese norms
A Japanese partner or local representative to manage language and cultural differences.
Virtual Office
A virtual office is arranged through an office service that has the ability to take calls and relay
messages. Some clients use a shared office facility, but have an employee in Japan (either a foreign
national from headquarters or a local hire) to support and monitor local distributors, negotiate joint
development agreements or gather customer and competitor information. Still other clients open
their own office to provide direct support to distributors or even sell to end customers directly.
Joint ventures/licensing
UK companies may consider a joint venture with a Japanese company or licensing agreements when
considering entering the Japanese market. A joint venture enables a UK firm to combine its
knowledge and resources with that of a Japanese company and work together as a single business
entity. For assistance with finding a joint venture partner in Japan, contact Export to Japan on
[email protected]. For additional information regarding licensing your technology or
Intellectual Property, please visit the Intellectual Property Offices website at www.ipo.gov.uk/t-
licence.htm.
E-Commerce Website
Japanese consumers are amongst the most tech savy in the world and Japan is the number 1 market
globally for mobile phone penetration. This combined with Global Payment Gateways and improved
speed of international delivery logistics means that it has never been easier to sell to customers in
Japan via the internet.
There are two e-commerce options for UK firms wishing to sell online in Japan localise your own
company website to sell direct to the Japanese market or sell through an established, reputable e-
commerce site such as Amazon Japan, Nissen, Yahoo! Shopping or Rakuten who are already firmly
http://www.japanentry.com/examples_ventures/mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.ipo.gov.uk/t-licence.htmhttp://www.ipo.gov.uk/t-licence.htmhttp://www.ipo.gov.uk/t-licence.htmhttp://www.ipo.gov.uk/t-licence.htmhttp://www.ipo.gov.uk/t-licence.htmmailto:[email protected]://www.japanentry.com/examples_ventures/ -
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established in Japan with a massive customer base. Companies should note however, that only firms
registered in Japan are able to own a Japanese .co.jpdomain name.
Acquisition
Acquisition of a company which is already established in your target sector in Japan with existingoffices, distribution network and contacts etc can be an effective route to market. However, this
market entry strategy tends to suit larger SMEs or corporations.
Acquisition considerations include suitable target companies, organisational and technical due
diligence and the costs of negotiation of the Acquisition transaction including the cost of
interpreters/translators, solicitors etc.
Franchising
Finding reputable franchisees on the ground in specific locations in Japan can be a successful route
to market for firms who already have an established brand identity that they wish to leverage to
drive sales. The International Franchise Association (IFA)www.franchise.organd JETRO can provide
you with more detailed information about franchising opportunities in Japan. In addition, the
Japan Fair Trade Commissions Guidelines on Franchising can be downloaded at
www.jftc.go.jp/en/legislation_gls/imonopoly_guidelines.files/franchise.pdf.
Japan based business consultancy
There are several consultancy companies on the ground in Japan who provide support to firms trying
to break into Japan. This support ranges from market research, website localisation advice, to
identifying potential partners, distributors and even setting up meetings with potential clients.
Check out Export to Japans partner page at www.exporttojapan.co.uk/build-your-network/your-
business-network for some examples of Japan based firms who can help you enter the Japanese
market.
Tax considerations
The Japanese Government has recently reduced corporate tax rates in the Tokyo area to 35.64%,
however, corporate tax rates across the rest of Japan are still around 41% or more. Encouragingly,
for UK firms looking to invest in the Japanese market, corporate tax rates are expected to fall further
from April 2015. Tax efficiency should be a consideration when deciding whether starting a
Japanese company or using a representative office is the best entry route to market for your
business as the entity used, structure of agreements and ownership between the entity and itsforeign parent will significantly affect corporate and withholding taxes paid in Japan.
Several factors should be considered including:
Projected profit margins
Any tax treaties between Japan and HMRC, which (if starting a Japanese company) affects:
o transfer fees paid to the parent company
o dividends paid to the parent company
o Japanese withholding taxes applicable to those transfer fees and dividends
If you choose to start a kabushiki gaisha then how you structure directors' bonuses will have
corporate tax implications.
http://www.franchise.org/http://www.franchise.org/http://www.franchise.org/http://www.jftc.go.jp/en/legislation_gls/imonopoly_guidelines.files/franchise.pdfhttp://www.jftc.go.jp/en/legislation_gls/imonopoly_guidelines.files/franchise.pdfhttp://www.exporttojapan.co.uk/build-your-network/your-business-networkhttp://www.exporttojapan.co.uk/build-your-network/your-business-networkhttp://www.exporttojapan.co.uk/build-your-network/your-business-networkhttp://www.exporttojapan.co.uk/build-your-network/your-business-networkhttp://www.exporttojapan.co.uk/build-your-network/your-business-networkhttp://www.jftc.go.jp/en/legislation_gls/imonopoly_guidelines.files/franchise.pdfhttp://www.franchise.org/ -
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Setting up a business in Japan
It is possible to set up a business entity in Japan in 14 days. In order to promote start-ups, the
government lowered the required capital for setting up a joint stock company (Kabushiki Gaisha) to
1 yen from 10 million yen in 2003.
Japans Ministry of Economy, Trade & Industry (METI) sponsors programmes to promote foreign
investment into Japan including bank loans through the Japan Bank for International Cooperation
and the Development Bank of Japan. Entry-level business support programs are provided by the
Japan External Trade Organisation (JETRO) as well as by some municipal and prefectural
governments. Current information on investing in Japan, establishing an office, and other JETRO
programs for foreign businesses can be found on JETROs website atwww.jetro.go.jp.
Kabushiki Gaisha time line and associated costs
PROCEDURE TIME TAKEN COSTS INVOLVED
Make a company seal 3 days JPY 10,000 - JPY 20,000
Obtain the certificate of seal registration from the Ward
Office
1 day JPY 400 (each)
Register at the Legal Affairs Bureau of the Ministry ofJustice
1-3 weeks 0.7% of the capital amountor JPY 60,000, whichever is
higher
File the notification of company incorporation and the
opening of a payroll office; and Apply for the approval
of blue tax returns at the District Tax Office
1 day no charge
File the notification of commencement of business at
the tax office of the municipal or prefectural
government
1 day no charge
File the necessary labour insurance notifications and
employment rules at the Labour Standards Inspection
Office
1 day no charge
File the applications for health insurance and public
welfare pension at the Japan Pension Service
Less than one day
(online procedure)
no charge
File the company application for employment insurance
at the Public Employment Security Office
Less than one day
(online procedure)
no charge
Source: World Bank Group, Ease of doing business in Japan, 2014. www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/japan.Accessed
24/03/14.
http://www.jetro.go.jp/http://www.jetro.go.jp/http://www.jetro.go.jp/http://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/japanhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/japanhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/japanhttp://www.doingbusiness.org/data/exploreeconomies/japanhttp://www.jetro.go.jp/ -
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Appoint representative who is resident in Japan
Compile all required documents (e.g Articles of incorporation etc)
Submit documentation to the Legal Affairs Office to process forcommercial registration
Open bank account
Complete tax notifications
Business and import licences
Arrange connection of office premises' utilities e.g. electricity,
broadband, telephone etc.
Staff recruitment
Ensure compliance with social and labour insurance laws
Steps to setting up a Kabushiki Gaisha (KK)
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Godo Gaisha (GK)
A Godo Gaisha or GK, is a type ofbusiness similar to the UKs privatelimited company (Ltd). It has a
simplified internal structure which offerslimited liability for all investors.
A GK is formed by articles of incorporation signed by its investors. Each investor may provide a
capital contribution in the form of money or property. Once the GK's articles of incorporation and
corporate seal have been registered and processed by the Legal Affairs Bureau, the company may
open a bank account and sign contracts etc as a legal business entity. GKs profits are taxed at
corporate tax rates, and dividends are taxed at individual tax rates.
Godo Gaisha vs Kabushiki Gaisha
The following distinguish Godo Gaisha (GK) from Kabushiki Gaisha (KK):
All members must consent to amendment of the articles of incorporation, unless the articles
of incorporation provide otherwise. In a KK, only a supermajority of shareholders is required.
All members must consent to any transfer of ownership, unless the articles of incorporation
provide otherwise. In a KK, the transfer of shares is unlimited by default.
All members are representatives of the company by default, unless managers have been
appointed. In a KK, only the representative directors represent the company.
Major business decisions such as large asset sales or winding up of the company may be
made informally. In a KK, resolutions of shareholder and board meetings are often required
for such decisions.
Members may invest any type of asset in exchange for their interest. In a KK, non-cash
contributions require an appraisal supervised by a court. KKs have traditionally required a larger capital and resource investment and have a long
history and the highest prestige of legal entity in Japan. GKs do not have the same level of
prestige among Japanese companies.
A GK can be changed to a KK with the unanimous consent of all of its members.
HMRC and what you need to do
CHIEF (Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight)CHIEF, which is part of HMRC, records the movement of goods by land, air and sea and allows
importers, exporters and freight forwarders to complete customs formalities electronically and
automatically checks for entry errors.
CHIEF connects with five Community System Providers (CSPs) whichare independent trade systems
that directly serve hundreds of carriers, transit sheds and freight forwarders to record and track the
movement of goods within ports and airports. CHIEF identifies which goods within a consignment
need to be physically examined. This gives legitimate goods and those deemed to be a low-level risk
faster passage when they are directly exported to countries from the UK. An overview of CHIEF, user
guides and more information can be found athttp://bit.ly/1gBfMuE.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.or/http://en.wikipedia.or/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limited_liabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juristic_personhttp://bit.ly/1gBfMuEhttp://bit.ly/1gBfMuEhttp://bit.ly/1gBfMuEhttp://bit.ly/1gBfMuEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juristic_personhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limited_liabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.or/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_organization -
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Export documentation
To export goods to countries outside the EU you have to:
Include the sale on your VAT return
Make sure you qualify so you wont have to pay VAT
Find the correct commodity code for the goods you are exporting (research your commodity
code atwww.gov.uk/trade-tariff)
Register with HMRCs CHIEF system(http://bit.ly/1gBfMuE)
Declare the goods you export using the National Export System (NES) which is part of CHIEF.
Check if you need a strategic export licence for some controlled goods, eg military, defence or
security related goods. Go towww.gov.uk/do-your-goods-need-an-export-licenceto find out if your
goods require an export licence.
UKTIs website contains a wealth of information about Export Documentation. Go to
www.gov.uk/starting-to-export for an overview of exporting or review the FAQ at
www.ukti.gov.uk/uktihome/item/117327.html.
Import Procedures for Japan
Import licences
Most goods can be imported into Japan without controls although transactions must be reported to
the Ministry of International Trade and Industry through banks authorised to deal in foreign
exchange. However, some important items (alcohol for industrial use, leather, rice and rice flour,
wheat) are subject to import quotas.6For postal imports, an import licence is required for all
merchandise exceeding 50 unless the item is a relief parcel or gift.7 A copy of Administrative
Procedures for Importing into Japan can be obtained on request from the Japan External Trade
Organisation (JETRO) in London: Tel. 0207 470 4700 or atwww.jetro.go.jp/uk.
Customs
Tariffs are based on the Harmonised System which is a standardised international system for
classifying traded products. Details of the Harmonised System can be found at the World Customs
Organisations (WCO) website atwww.wcoomd.org. For Japan, duties are levied according to the
Cost, Insurance and Freight (CIF) value of the consignment. However, some raw materials,
agricultural machine tools and industrial equipment are not subject to customs duty. Further
information regarding customs requirements for Japan can be found atwww.customs.go.jp.
Bill of Lading
Japan has introduced compulsory declaration of consignments to Japanese customs 24 hours before
expected arrival (this is usually done by the carriers themselves). Release of goods to the consignee
may be hastened by the use of an express bill or release if applicable.
6
Tates Export Guide Japan, 2014. Accessed 03/04/14.7ibid
https://www.gov.uk/trade-tariffhttps://www.gov.uk/trade-tariffhttps://www.gov.uk/trade-tariffhttp://bit.ly/1gBfMuEhttp://bit.ly/1gBfMuEhttp://bit.ly/1gBfMuEhttps://www.gov.uk/do-your-goods-need-an-export-licencehttps://www.gov.uk/do-your-goods-need-an-export-licencehttps://www.gov.uk/do-your-goods-need-an-export-licencehttp://www.gov.uk/starting-to-exporthttp://www.gov.uk/starting-to-exporthttp://www.ukti.gov.uk/uktihome/item/117327.htmlhttp://www.ukti.gov.uk/uktihome/item/117327.htmlhttp://www.jetro.go.jp/ukhttp://www.jetro.go.jp/ukhttp://www.jetro.go.jp/ukhttp://www.wcoomd.org/http://www.wcoomd.org/http://www.wcoomd.org/http://www.customs.go.jp/http://www.customs.go.jp/http://www.customs.go.jp/http://www.customs.go.jp/http://www.wcoomd.org/http://www.jetro.go.jp/ukhttp://www.ukti.gov.uk/uktihome/item/117327.htmlhttp://www.gov.uk/starting-to-exporthttps://www.gov.uk/do-your-goods-need-an-export-licencehttp://bit.ly/1gBfMuEhttps://www.gov.uk/trade-tariff -
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Sales and Marketing Strategy Development
There are differencesto marketing and selling in Japan compared to the UK:
Different language and culture
Different currency and exposure to exchange rate fluctuations
Different search engines and social media
Different markets for product(s) or service(s)
Different consumer behaviour
Different regulatory and product certification requirements
Compliance with tax regulations in Japan.
Market research
Before investing resources in exporting to Japan, research the Japanese market and your potential
competitors thoroughly. Dont make assumptions about your target market(s) in Japan. Makestrategic decisions based on data and facts. Consider:
Is there demand for your product/service?
Who are your competitors?
How are similar products/services priced and marketed?
What payment methods are used?
What service levels are expected?
What technology do your target consumers use?
Your initial market assessment should include an industry profile and profiles of the firms who will
be your main competitors in the market, their marketing strategies, pricing and promotion.
First mover advantage
Japanese market consumers and companies tend to exhaustively evaluate and research products
prior to buying. Achieving first-mover status in the Japanese market is always a massive advantage
as Japanese corporate buyers are often loyal to suppliers and end user consumers are very brand
conscious and follow trends.
Sources of Japanese Market Data
The figure below highlights some sources you can use to gather information about everything to do
with doing business in Japan from tax treaties to search engines.
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Sources of Japanese
market data
Japan Consumer Marketing Research Institute (JMR)
www.jmr-marketing.com
Social Media
Google
Yahoo.co.jp
HMRC
www.hmrc.gov.uk/nic/japan.htm
www.hmrc.gov.uk/cnr/dt-guide-note-10.htm
Export to Japan
www.exporttojapan.co.uk
UKTI Japan
www.ukti.gov.uk/japan
JETRO
www.jetro.go.jp
British Chamber of Commerce in Japan
(BCCJ)
www.bccjapan.com
Japanese Government Departments
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry -
www.meti.go.jp/english/index.html
Ministry of Finance -
www.mof.go.jp/english/index.htm
Ministry of Foreign Affairs -
www.mofa.go.jp/index.htmlMinistry of Internal Affairs and Communications
-www.soumu.go.jp/english/index.html
Japan Chamber of Commerce and Industry in the UK(JCCI UK)
www.jcci.org.uk
English language news and media in Japan
Japan Times -www.japantimes.co.jp
Asahi Shimbun -www.asahi.com/english
Japan Today -www.japantoday.com
News on Japan -www.newsonjapan.com
Metropolis -http://metropolis.co.jp
The European Business Council in Japan (EBC)
www.ebc-jp.com
Japan Fair Trade Commission (JFTC)
www.jftc.go.jp/en
EY Global Tax Alert: Japan & UK Tax Treaty Protocol, Dec 2013.
http://bit.ly/1hIz4dU
http://www.jmr-marketing.com/http://www.jmr-marketing.com/http://www.hmrc.gov.uk/nic/japan.htmhttp://www.hmrc.gov.uk/nic/japan.htmhttp://www.hmrc.gov.uk/cnr/dt-guide-note-10.htmhttp://www.hmrc.gov.uk/cnr/dt-guide-note-10.htmhttp://www.exporttojapan.co.uk/http://www.exporttojapan.co.uk/http://www.ukti.gov.uk/japanhttp://www.ukti.gov.uk/japanhttp://www.jetro.go.jp/http://www.jetro.go.jp/http://www.bccjapan.com/http://www.bccjapan.com/http://www.meti.go.jp/english/index.htmlhttp://www.meti.go.jp/english/index.htmlhttp://www.mof.go.jp/english/index.htmhttp://www.mof.go.jp/english/index.htmhttp://www.mofa.go.jp/index.htmlhttp://www.mofa.go.jp/index.htmlhttp://www.soumu.go.jp/english/index.htmlhttp://www.soumu.go.jp/english/index.htmlhttp://www.soumu.go.jp/english/index.htmlhttp://www.jcci.org.uk/http://www.jcci.org.uk/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/http://www.asahi.com/englishhttp://www.asahi.com/englishhttp://www.asahi.com/englishhttp://www.japantoday.com/http://www.japantoday.com/http://www.japantoday.com/http://www.newsonjapan.com/http://www.newsonjapan.com/http://www.newsonjapan.com/http://metropolis.co.jp/http://metropolis.co.jp/http://metropolis.co.jp/http://www.ebc-jp.com/http://www.ebc-jp.com/http://www.jftc.go.jp/enhttp://www.jftc.go.jp/enhttp://bit.ly/1hIz4dUhttp://bit.ly/1hIz4dUhttp://bit.ly/1hIz4dUhttp://www.jftc.go.jp/enhttp://www.ebc-jp.com/http://metropolis.co.jp/http://www.newsonjapan.com/http://www.japantoday.com/http://www.asahi.com/englishhttp://www.japantimes.co.jp/http://www.jcci.org.uk/http://www.soumu.go.jp/english/index.htmlhttp://www.mofa.go.jp/index.htmlhttp://www.mof.go.jp/english/index.htmhttp://www.meti.go.jp/english/index.htmlhttp://www.bccjapan.com/http://www.jetro.go.jp/http://www.ukti.gov.uk/japanhttp://www.exporttojapan.co.uk/http://www.hmrc.gov.uk/cnr/dt-guide-note-10.htmhttp://www.hmrc.gov.uk/nic/japan.htmhttp://www.jmr-marketing.com/ -
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Identifying your ideal customer(s) in Japan
Before you can develop a sales and marketing strategy for Japan, you need to understand the
customer you are selling to. Profile your ideal customer(s) in the Japanese market, keeping in mind
that you may have more than one type of target customer.Consider:
Who are they? What vertical sector(s) or industry do they operate in?
Where are they located?
Why do they have a need/demand for your product(s) or service(s)?
Why should they buy those product(s) or service(s) from you (and not a competitor)?
What market trends, political and regulatory frameworks impact on your target customers?
What evidence do you have that a potential Japanese customer will benefit from buying
from you? For example focus group results, case studies, testimonials, calculations,
references.
How do you identify your ideal customer(s)?
What metrics will you use to identify your ideal customers and measure your success in this
market?
Product/service considerations
The following are suggested areas of focus for UK firms considering exporting their product(s) or
service(s) to Japan:
Any IP that needs protecting?
Local sourcing - can you source part of your product or service locally?
Climate in target market - Will the climate and humidity in Japan affect the efficacy of yourproduct or service?
Cultural customs and laws
Storage and delivery logistics - How secure, available, expensive is storage of inventory in
the target market?
Food perishability (storage considerations; sell by date regulations; storage facility
inspection and certification requirements)
Packaging and labeling standards and regulations
What logistics are involved in delivering your product or service to the end user?
Licensing, regulatory environment - Are any special licences, permissions required in order
to sell your product or service in Japan? Are there any laws or regulatory requirements your
product or service has to meet in order for it to be able to be sold in Japan e.g. CE marking,
Safety Certification, Component Traceability records etc?
Different time zones
Tax implications
Export documentation
Import restrictions if applicable
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Payments and Pricing
Localised pricing
You should customise the price of your product or service for the Japanese market (localised pricing).
Research similar products/services on offer in Japan and consider how you are going to position your
offering in the Japanese market. Many retailers find that they are able to charge more in Japan than
in other markets. Beware though of customers being able to check your pricing in other markets if
you have prices published online.
Preferred methods of payment in Japan
To maximise your sales conversion rate use the payment methods that are preferred by Japanese
businesses and consumers. Preferred methods of payment in Japan are credit and debit cards, cash
and mobile payments.8 Cash is the most widely used form of payment in Japan and Cash on Delivery
(COD) is popular with consumers.
JCBis the only international credit card brand based in Asia and is co-branded with Master Card and
Visa. Second in popularity after using credit cards for payment in Japan are Konbini payments which
are payments made at convenience stores throughout Japan. Mobile Suica is a popular mobile
payment system used in Japan's major cities and towns. For online content, the PayEasysystem
interfaces with digital content providers, billing agents, online payment providers, and consumers to
streamline the business of online content. Yahoo! Easy Payment is an online payment service
mainly used on the hugely popular Yahoo! Japan shopping and auction sites. Understanding which
payment methods are preferred by customers in Japan signals trust and authority to your targeted
audience in addition to providing the best possible options to get you paid.
International Payment Gateways
You need to consider which currencies to accept payment in and how you can minimise your
businesss exposure to exchange rate fluctuations.
Online payment systems such as PayPal are dominating the global market place while local and
regional online payment sites are gaining popularity. Mobile payments are the next largest growth
area with global mobile payment transaction volume estimated to increase significantly in coming
years. Both MasterCard (MasterCard Mobile) and Visa (V.me) are looking to be key players here.
Examples of International Payment Gateways include:
www.globalcollect.com www.worldpay.com
www.moneycorp.com www.safecharge.com
www.adyen.com www.cybersource.com
8Source: Search Engine Watch, Global Online Payment Methods, 30/05/13.http://searchenginewatch.com/article/2271352/Global-Online-Payment-Methods.
http://www.globalcollect.com/http://www.globalcollect.com/http://www.worldpay.com/http://www.worldpay.com/http://www.moneycorp.com/http://www.moneycorp.com/http://www.safecharge.com/http://www.safecharge.com/http://www.adyen.com/http://www.adyen.com/http://www.cybersource.com/http://www.cybersource.com/http://searchenginewatch.com/article/2271352/Global-Online-Payment-Methodshttp://searchenginewatch.com/article/2271352/Global-Online-Payment-Methodshttp://searchenginewatch.com/article/2271352/Global-Online-Payment-Methodshttp://searchenginewatch.com/article/2271352/Global-Online-Payment-Methodshttp://searchenginewatch.com/article/2271352/Global-Online-Payment-Methodshttp://searchenginewatch.com/article/2271352/Global-Online-Payment-Methodshttp://www.cybersource.com/http://www.adyen.com/http://www.safecharge.com/http://www.moneycorp.com/http://www.worldpay.com/http://www.globalcollect.com/ -
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Using an international payment gateway enables you to receive payments in any currency you
choose but for your bank account to be credited only in pounds. It saves on International Transfer
Fees and enables you to manage your exposure to exchange rate fluctuations.
Japanese Business Etiquette
Politeness and sensitivity are at the centre of Japanese business etiquette. The main difference
between Western and Japanese business etiquette is that the Japanese tend to be more formal.
English is not widely spoken in business and government so an interpreter is generally required. If a
meeting is conducted in English, be sure to speak slowly and clearly and do not use regional dialects,
colloquialisms, idiomatic expressions or humour.
The giving and receiving of business cards
British businesses are advised to have their business cards translated into Japanese so that they have
two sided business cards one side in English and the other in Japanese. Present your Japanese
business card holding it by the two corners closest to you with both hands, with the Japanese-
language side facing the person you are passing the card too. Tip - having your company logo at the
top of the Japanese-language side will help you to orientate it correctly! Firstly, exchange cards with
the most senior member of the Japanese company/group, bowing slightly as you do so and then
continue this ritual in order of seniority amongst the Japanese staff.
When receiving a Japanese business card, take the two bottom corners that are presented to you
with both hands, look at it respectfully saying Thank-you. The business cards should remain on the
table throughout the meeting. Never write notes on a Japanese business card or fidget or play with
it and treat the card with respect.
Business Meetings
Be punctual. Its advisable to arrive 10 minutes early for a meeting, more if the meeting will
be with senior executives.
Its a good idea to have an agenda for the meeting, set in advance so each party has a
chance to translate it into their own language and prepare what they want to discuss
(particularly advisable if there is going to be a language barrier).
Product brochures and a company profile should be taken with you when you visit aJapanese company for the first time.
When you have been shown to the meeting room, wait to be seated as there are customs
regarding where people sit based on their position in the company.
When introducing themselves the Japanese say their surname or family name first. For
example, we say John Smith; they say Tanaka Hiro (Tanaka is the family name). When
referring to someone, the Japanese use the honorific term san after the persons name.
For example, you would then refer to Tanaka Hiro as Tanaka-san. Do not call a Japanese
person by their first name unless you are very good friends. In business dealings, the
honorific form surname + san should always be used. The Japanese respect our Western
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habit of using our first names but they will follow it with the honorific san e.g. John-san as
a sign of respect. Or they may address you using the Western form Mr/Mrs/Miss + surname.
The Japanese tend to take lots of notes during meetings as this is seen as good business
etiquette as it indicates interest in what the other party is saying.
The Japanese tend not to use non-disclosure agreements but if you need one signed, send it
well in advance of the meeting. If you produce an NDA at the beginning of a meeting or
negotiations, the Japanese side will be embarrassed, probably refuse to sign it until it has
been legally reviewed (which can take weeks) and avoid meeting again.
Consider investing in an interpreter to ensure you gain maximum value from the business
meeting.
The Japanese will only do business with your company if they feel that they can trust YOU as
an individual. Building this relationship is important so dont keep sending different
members of staff to each meeting. Because the development of this relationship is so
important, expect to go out drinking with your Japanese clients and to eat dinner together
on occasions. This is a much more relaxed atmosphere (than a board room) and you can get
to know each other better. It is not common for spouses to be invited out for business
dinners.
Sources of assistance with exporting to Japan
If youd like to find out more information about doing business in Japan or are ready to take your
first steps towards exporting to Japan, then the organisations below can assist you.
Export to Japan
www.exporttojapan.co.uk
Export to Japan helps UK firms succeed in Japan. A joint venture between UKTI Japan and 30+
partner organisations all with experience in the Japanese market, Export to Japan can help you
navigate doing business in Japan and provide specialist advice and market entry guidance for UK
firms. A wide range of support services are available including exclusive discounts for UK firms who
access partner services. For more detailed information regarding how Export to Japan and its
partners can help your business in Japan, please visitwww.exporttojapan.co.uk/partners/business-
offersor [email protected].
UK Trade and Investment (UKTI) Japan
www.gov.uk/government/world/organisations/uk-trade-investment-japan
UKTI in Japan helps companies in Britain increase their competitiveness through overseas trade in
Japan. UKTI Japan offers professional, authoritative and personalised assistance to help UK
companies expand in Japan and Japanese companies to grow in the UK. Export to Japan or UKTI
Japan can also provide information about Japanese Government schemes and other subsidies
available to UK firms considering investing in Japan.
http://www.exporttojapan.co.uk/http://www.exporttojapan.co.uk/http://www.exporttojapan.co.uk/partners/business-offershttp://www.exporttojapan.co.uk/partners/business-offershttp://www.exporttojapan.co.uk/partners/business-offershttp://www.exporttojapan.co.uk/partners/business-offersmailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.gov.uk/government/world/organisations/uk-trade-investment-japanhttp://www.gov.uk/government/world/organisations/uk-trade-investment-japanhttp://www.gov.uk/government/world/organisations/uk-trade-investment-japanmailto:[email protected]://www.exporttojapan.co.uk/partners/business-offershttp://www.exporttojapan.co.uk/partners/business-offershttp://www.exporttojapan.co.uk/ -
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In addition, UKTI's Passport to Export Serviceassesses your readiness for international business and
helps you build international trade capacity. It is an assessment and skills-based programme that
helps new and inexperienced exporters with training, planning and ongoing exporting support. Find
out more atwww.gov.uk/passport-to-exportor [email protected]
Japan External Trade Organisation (JETRO)
JETRO, the Japan External Trade Organisation, is a government funded agency with offices around
the globe whose remit is to promote the benefits of doing business in Japan to foreign companies.
For UK firms considering starting a business in Japan, JETRO provides market data, consultation and
other support services. One of the benefits JETRO offers is the use of free office space at one of their
Invest Japan Business Support Centers, more information about which can be found at
www.jetro.go.jp/en/invest/ibsc. JETRO has an office in London and its website contains information
including upcoming eventswww.jetro.go.jp/uk.
Chambers of Commerce and Industry
Contact your local UK Chamber of Commerces International Trade Advisor for more information
about doing business abroad. Furthermore, the British Chamber of Commerce in Japan (BCCJ)
www.bccjapan.comcan provide information and contacts to help you do business in Japan.
Japan Market Expansion Competition (JMEC)
www.jmec.gr.jp
The Japan Market Expansion Competition (JMEC) is a business training program in Japan which
strengthens the business skills of executives wanting to do business in Japan. The training program
is centred on a competition to write the best business plan. As a result, client companies receive a
quality business plan for Japan market entry or expansion. This is a great option for any organisation
doing business in Japan or thinking of starting a business in Japan.
http://www.gov.uk/passport-to-exporthttp://www.gov.uk/passport-to-exporthttp://www.gov.uk/passport-to-exportmailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.jetro.go.jp/ip/e/bsc/http://www.jetro.go.jp/en/invest/ibschttp://www.jetro.go.jp/en/invest/ibschttp://www.jetro.go.jp/ukhttp://www.jetro.go.jp/ukhttp://www.jetro.go.jp/ukhttp://www.bccjapan.com/http://www.bccjapan.com/http://www.jmec.gr.jp/http://www.jmec.gr.jp/http://www.jmec.gr.jp/http://www.bccjapan.com/http://www.jetro.go.jp/ukhttp://www.jetro.go.jp/en/invest/ibschttp://www.jetro.go.jp/ip/e/bsc/mailto:[email protected]://www.gov.uk/passport-to-export -
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Helping small firms do BIG business.
This report was produced by Jacqui Gray at JMG Consulting
(UK) Limited for Export to Japan. JMG Consulting is a market
research, management consulting and training company
committed to providing growth tools for businesses to help
them succeed at home and abroad. For more information
on international sales and marketing, management
consulting, market research, ISO 9001 compliance or
corporate training, please visit our website or contact us at
WWW.JMGCONSULTING.BIZ
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]://www.jmgconsulting.biz/http://www.jmgconsulting.biz/http://www.jmgconsulting.biz/mailto:[email protected]