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TypeOfGovernment

How is Power Distributed?

Modern Example

Unitary

Confederation

Federal

*Central govt. has all powers & all decision-making authority.*States/Provinces are told what to do by Central govt. without question.*Central Govt. can hire/fire regional leaders.

France

United Kingdom

Italy

*Regional governments (States, Provinces, Etc.)have more power than the Central govt.*Regional govts. can defy laws of the central govt. without question.*States/Members act pretty much like independent nations.

Commonwealth of Nations

European Union (EU)

Confederate States of America during US Civil War

*A govt. in which the Central govt. has the most authority, but….. States have the right to question laws of the central govt. & make some laws of their own.

*Usually organized by a document, such as a Constitution.

Germany

Russia

United States

Mexico

Autocratic– Citizen Participation

Characteristics :• Do the citizens participate? If so then how If not then who does• What is the role of the

citizen in society?• What is the governments

role in society?

Examples

Where can I find this in things we have studied. List them all

Autocractic– Citizen Participation

Characteristics A single ruler holds

unlimited power. Citizens have no say & no

choice. Citizens are to work the

task best suited for the nation

Government makes all the choices

No elections are held

Examples

Czarist RussiaNazi GermanyNorth KoreaU.S.S.R.

Oligarchic – Citizen Participation

Characteristics :• Do the citizens participate? If so then how If not then who does• What is the role of the

citizen in society?• What is the governments

role in society?

Examples

Where can I find this in things we have studied. List them all

Oligarchic – Citizen Participation

Characteristics :• Small group of people (Usually of an upper-class)• No one outside the small group

leads the country↓

Rulers are selected by the group Leaders are chosen from within

& by the ruling group Citizens are to do there jobs

that are best suited for the country.

There will be a large lower class of citizens

Government makes all the decisions and there is no voting by normal citizens

Examples

Sparta (Ancient Greece)

South Africa(Under Apartheid in the 20th Century)

Russia before the Czars

Democratic – Citizen Participation

Presidential –Characteristics :• Do the citizens participate? If so then how? If not then who does?• What is the role of the citizen in

society? Who do they vote in?• What's the role of the governments?

Parliamentary – Characteristics :• Do the citizens participate? If so then how? If not then who does?• What is the role of the citizen in

society? Who do they vote in?• What's the role of the governments?

Examples and differences Examples and differences

Democratic – Citizen Participation

Presidential –Characteristics :• The people hold the power.• They decide who the rulers are.• Usually limited government.• High Citizen Participation

*Usually some restrictions like age, criminal record

Parliamentary – Characteristics : Leader is elected by

Legislature Prime Minister is Head of Gov. Leader answers to the

Legislature Legislature Controls Power

Examples and differences~~~~USA and Modern Russia Leader is elected directly by the

people President is Head of Govt. & Head

of State Separation of Powers in Central

Govt.

Examples and differences~~~~Germany, U.K., and Italy

- Less Checks and balances (easier/faster to pass laws)- More corruption

Command Economy

Characteristics Examples

• Who has control?• Who controls the major

businesses?• Is free trade an option?• What types of

governments usually have this style of economics?

Where can I find this in things we have studied. List them all

Command Economy

Characteristics Examples Whatever the government

decides is produced. However the government decides

it should be produced. However the government decides

the consumption is *necessary. *Can set limits

• No free trade • LOTS OF GOVERNMENT

INTERFERENCE• Typical governments:`````Communism, Socialism, and Dictatorship

Czarist RussiaNazi GermanyNorth KoreaU.S.S.R.

Pure Market

Characteristics Examples

• Who has control?• Who controls the major

businesses?• Is free trade an option?• What types of

governments usually have this style of economics?

Where can I find this in things we have studied. List them all

Pure Market

Characteristics Examples

Whatever people are willing to buy & sell

Supply & DemandProducers decide, based on what customers want

Determined by how much a person wants to or is able to pay

NO GOVERNMENT INTERFERENCE

Not possible in the Real World

Mixed Economics

Characteristics Examples

• Who has control?• Who controls the major

businesses?• Is free trade an option?• What types of

governments usually have this style of economics?

Where can I find this in things we have studied. List them all

Mixed Economics

Characteristics Examples

o A “mixed” economy might use elements of both market & command economy.

o The United States has a mixed economy because the govt. doesn’t decide what & how goods are produced, but it does regulate certain items, like illegal drugs.

U.S.A., Modern day Russia, Germany, U.K., and Italy

Traditional Economics

Characteristics Examples

• Who has control?• Who controls the major

businesses?• Is free trade an option?• What types of governments

usually have this style of economics?

Where can I find this in things we have studied? List them all

Traditional Economics

Characteristics Examples

o People make or grow what they need

o If people can not make or grow what they need then they will barter for what they need.

Hunter/Gatherer societies