Get Motivated!Get Motivated!

Janna C. KimelLCC-6318

IntroductionIntroduction

• Physical body• Pain• Health

• Monitoring• Wearables• Physical

Rehabilitation

=Motivation and Compliance

Introduction to Research Introduction to Research

`mowtu'veyshun`mowtu'veyshun

The psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal, the reason for the action: that which gives

purpose and direction to behavior--www.hyperdictionary.com

Antonym: Deter, Prevent

What do we focus on?What do we focus on?

• Love• Money• Power• Success

Motivational TheoryMotivational Theory

• Choice Theory• Belonging• Power• Freedom• Fun• Survival

– Dr. William Glasser

• Self-Determination Theory

• Autonomy • Competence • Relatedness

– Edward Deci and Richard Ryan

What motivates us?What motivates us?• Goals

– Stop smoking, fit into a dress at a wedding, being fit

• Rewards– $10 for every A on your report card

• Guilt– I promised my roommate that I would clean

• Positive language – “you do that so well!” encourages us to do “it”

gain

• Social factors– Meeting a buddy at the gym or running track

Motivation in SocietyMotivation in Society

How does this connect?How does this connect?

Philosophical HistoryPhilosophical History

• Plato (427-347 BC)

– Body as a distraction, the enemy in pursuit of?

• Hunger, thirst, sex drive, sleep, pain

• Death as release from bodily limitations

• Descartes – Mind is not

attached to the body or physical world

– We can only be certain of our own thoughts

Philosophical HistoryPhilosophical History

• Husserl (1859-1938)

– Life world in embodied experience, not just abstract

– Physical world

• Merleau-Ponty (1901-1961)

– Body in the world, how does it fit?

– Body as mediator between internal and external experience

Cues to State of BeingCues to State of Being

• Internal – The mind

• Thoughts, feelings, past experience, pain, pleasure

– What we tell others• Attempt to share our

experience of the world

• External – The physical body

• What it looks like tells others something of our state

– What we tell others• Attempt to share our

experience of the world

Putting it all TogetherPutting it all Together

Wearables & EmbodimentWearables & Embodiment

A long-range vision, she says, is full sensory interaction: "The wearable computer utilizes all your senses for both input and output, and that interaction modality is able to configure and change on the fly according to the user's needs and context.“

–Francis Gemperle, Institute for Complex Engineered Systems.

Embodied InteractionEmbodied InteractionSmart Electrode, Tunde KirsteinThe aim of the project is to develop new surface stimulating electrodes that are embedded into garments or gloves and can provide electrical stimulation pulses to different areas of the skin without replacing the electrodes. Use: contract paralyzed muscles of spinal cord injured and stroke subjects in order to generate or improve lost motor function, e.g. for walking or hand grasp.

Interactive Motion Technologies, Cambridge, MAPatients using the robot have shown twice the functional improvement, on standard clinical scales, as patients given conventional therapy, over the same treatment periods. And they continue to make progress in treatment programs months or years after the stroke.

Embodied InteractionEmbodied InteractionSmart Jacket: Lucy Dunne

The sporty pewter- and silver-colored jacket uses embedded sensors that regulate an electro-conductive textile in the upper back to keep the wearer warm. It also has electro-luminescent wires that light up the jacket at night, and a physiological monitor on the left wrist cuff to monitor pulse and heart rate.

Vibrotactile Shoulder pads: Lucy Dunne

Illustrates concepts of integration of technology by developing pre-existing garment real estate (volumes built into garments for aesthetic reasons) to minimize outward appearance, social weight, and physiological discomfort caused by embedded

electronics.

Computational InteractionComputational InteractionXerox ParcPortholes

Shared space reveals who is doing what work. Knowing the person in the cubicle down the road from you is working on a particular project may motivate you to do the same.

DiscussionDiscussion

• Further thoughts on motivation?• If:

– Phenomology suggests we process action, perception, thought

– Platonic theory suggests we process perception, thought, action

….which theory best represents human motivation to exercise?