Germplasm Screening Remote Sensing Sathuvalli...Ø High Throughput Phenotyping has potential in...
Transcript of Germplasm Screening Remote Sensing Sathuvalli...Ø High Throughput Phenotyping has potential in...
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Application of High Throughput Phenotyping Tools for Germplasm Screening in Potato
Ryan Graebner, Sindhuja Sankaran, Lav Khot, Vidyasagar Sathuvalli
Hermiston Agricultural Research & Extension Center, Hermiston, OR
OverviewØTri-State Potato Breeding and Variety Development
Ø Screening Germplasm for Resistance to Verticillium Wilt
ØAerial Imaging Applications for Disease Tolerance Screening
ØVolatile Organic Compounds Profiling as a tool for Germplasm Screening
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Ø Started in 1985Ø USDA/ARS breeding programs develop germplasm needs for the
industry and will be evaluated by state land grant universities of ID, OR and WA
Ø Original intent of the stake holders:• Create a collaborative variety development program that would
allow ARS scientists to concentrate on basic genetics and germplasm development, while instituting an applied research effort for smooth delivery of new varieties to the PNW potato industry
30 years of strong and successful collaboration
Tri-State History
USDA-ARS / OSU Research Geneticists, Breeders
Land Grant State Universities Breeders, Agronomists, physiologists pathologists,
entomologists, extension specialists
Potato Commissions – ID, OR, WA
Industry – growers, processors, packers
Potato Variety Management Institute (PVMI)Commercialization
Management Guidelines
Release
Evaluation
Selection
Breeding
USDA-ARS
Tri-State Approach
Slide adapted from Knowles et al (2010)
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Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Yrs 4-6
Yrs 5-8
Yrs 12-15
Yrs 9-11
eye-
inde
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60,000 TPS seedling tuber production at Corvallis, OR
Wild species germplasm from Prosser, WA,
Hermiston, OR
Germplasm from genetic studies, hybridization strategies
Aberdeen, ID, Prosser, WA, Hermiston, OR
Exotic Germplasm from other CountriesCommercial varietiesParents from other breeders
Parents from the Plant Introduction Station at Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin
Greenhouse Greenhouse100,000 TPS seedling tuber production
at Aberdeen, ID
Tubers from seedlings. Planted at Klamath Falls and Hermiston, OR
Tubers from disease resistant and specialty crosses. Prosser, WA
Tubers from seedlings. Planted at Aberdeen and Tetonia, ID
Field Field
700-1,200 clones planted at Hermiston and Klamath Falls (SI), OR
2,500 clones planted at Aberdeen, and Tetonia, ID
Disease trials in Corvallis, Aberdeen, Kimberly, Hermiston, Prosser, Rexburg
Breeder seed increasesAberdeen and Tetonia, ID, Klamath
Falls, OR
Limited generation Foundation seed
productionUI
Limited generation seed productionSeed Growers
Tri-State Trials(OR, ID, WA)
Western Regional Trials8-10 locations (OR,ID,WA,CA,TX,CO)
Name and release
Cultural management
studies &Industry trials
Lab and Greenhouses
Exchange of seeds and tubers with other States
Greenhouse CrossesAberdeen, ID, Prosser, WA
Hermiston, OR
Breeder seed increase
Klamath Falls
PVMI Promotion & Marketing
PVMIPromotion and
MarketingDeve
lopm
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f a T
ri-St
ate
Pota
to V
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ID State wide TrialsOR State wide Trials
Parti
cipat
ory b
reed
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Oregon Potato Breeding and Variety Development Program
20-hills, 2 repsKlamath (SI)
Single Hills Klamath Falls (~60,000 in Field)
20-hills, 2 repsOntario
20-hills, 2 repsHermiston
4-hills (~700)Hermiston
CrossesAberdeen, ID, Prosser, WA and Oregon
Seedling tuber productionCorvallis (~60,000 in GH)
15-hills (~700)Klamath Falls (SI)
Oregon Statewide trials3 Locations
Tri-State TrialsID, OR, WA
W. Regional TrialsCA, CO, ID, OR, TX, WA
NameTri-State release, PVP
Klamath Falls (SI)
Yr. 1
Yr. 2
Yr. 3
Yr. 4-6
Yr. 6-8
Yr. 8-10
Yr. 10-12
Field Generation
Potato is a Clonal Crop
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Payette Russet
ØDevelop new russet potatoes◦ Dual purpose russet varieties (ID)◦ Individual market oriented russet varieties (OR)
ØBreeding for resistance to major pests and diseases◦ PVY, Verticillium wilt, Zebra Chip, TRV, PMTV, CRKN, Scab etc.
ØBreeding of specialty potatoes◦ Reds/yellows/purples ◦ High anthocyanins, minerals, carotenoids, Nutrients, Flavor
ØBreeding for cold sweetening resistance and high nutrient efficiency◦ Low acrylamide, low N input
Breeding Objectives
Overall GoalRelease & commercialize new potato varieties that will directly benefit all segments of the PNW potato industry
Image Sources:PNW HandbookUniversity of Minnesota Extension
Verticillium Wilt (Verticillium species)
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Accession Species Ploidy # Clones # Clones Alive # Clones RetainedPI 498148 S. andreanum 2x 4 2 2PI473361 S. boliviense 2x 1 0 0PI265861 S. boliviense 2x 4 0 0PI545912 S. brevicaule 2x 4 0 0PI243508 S. bulbocastanum 2x 4 0 0PI243512 S. bulbocastanum 2x 4 2 0PI275187 S. bulbocastanum 2x 4 0 0PI498011 S. bulbocastanum 2x 4 2 1PI652828 S. guerreroense 6x 4 0 0PI239423 S. hougasii 6x 4 2 1PI283107 S. hougasii 6x 4 2 1PI275182 S. iopetalum 6x 4 3 2PI597682 S. iopetalum 6x 3 1 0PI498249 S. iopetalum 6x 1 0 0PI275181 S. iopetalum 6x 4 4 1PI498022 S. iopetalum 6x 4 0 0PI498024 S. iopetalum 6x 3 0 0PI275183 S. iopetalum 6x 4 1 0PI320265 S. stenophyllidium 2x 4 0 0PI545815 S. stenophyllidium 2x 4 0 0PI643997 S. stoloniferum 4x 4 0 0PI632334 S. stoloniferum 4x 4 0 0Russet Burbank S. tuberosum 4x 8 3 -
Verticillium dahliae Resistance Screening
1 to 4 seedlings per Plant Introduction
Verticillium dahliae Resistance Screening
Ø 30,000,000 Conidia VCG4AØ Most aggressive isolate in the
Columbia basin of OR-WA
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Verticillium dahliae Resistance Screening
Ø Inoculated plants evaluated for their survival up to 12 weeks
Verticillium dahliae Resistance Screening
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Screening for New Sources of Resistance to VWAccession Species Ploidy # Clones # Clones Alive # Clones RetainedPI 498148 S. andreanum 2x 4 2 2PI473361 S. boliviense 2x 1 0 0PI265861 S. boliviense 2x 4 0 0PI545912 S. brevicaule 2x 4 0 0PI243508 S. bulbocastanum 2x 4 0 0PI243512 S. bulbocastanum 2x 4 2 0PI275187 S. bulbocastanum 2x 4 0 0PI498011 S. bulbocastanum 2x 4 2 1PI652828 S. guerreroense 6x 4 0 0PI239423 S. hougasii 6x 4 2 1PI283107 S. hougasii 6x 4 2 1PI275182 S. iopetalum 6x 4 3 2PI597682 S. iopetalum 6x 3 1 0PI498249 S. iopetalum 6x 1 0 0PI275181 S. iopetalum 6x 4 4 1PI498022 S. iopetalum 6x 4 0 0PI498024 S. iopetalum 6x 3 0 0PI275183 S. iopetalum 6x 4 1 0PI320265 S. stenophyllidium 2x 4 0 0PI545815 S. stenophyllidium 2x 4 0 0PI643997 S. stoloniferum 4x 4 0 0PI632334 S. stoloniferum 4x 4 0 0Russet Burbank S. tuberosum 4x 8 3 -
Ø80 seedlings from 22 wild potato accessions
Ø8 seedlings survived initial screening
Initial Screening Results
Species PI # Clones SurvivedS. andreanum 498148 2S. bulbocastanum 498011 1
S. hougasii 239423 1
S. hougasii 283107 1
S. iopetalum 275181 1
S. iopetalum 275182 2
VW Initial Screening Results
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Replicated Screening for Verticillium Resistance
Chlorosis rating
Imaging
Plating
qPCR
Replicated Screening for Verticillium Resistance
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Replicated Screening for Verticillium Resistance
S. iopetalum PI 275182
Control VCG 4B VCG 4A
G/R = 1.316 G/R = - G/R = -
Replicated Screening for Verticillium ResistanceControl VCG 4B VCG 4A
S. hougasii PI 283107
G/R = 1.295 G/R = - G/R = 1.079
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Replicated Screening for Verticillium ResistanceControl VCG 4B VCG 4A
S. bulbocastanum PI 498011
G/R = 1.135 G/R = 1.365 G/R = 1.251
Replicated Screening for Verticillium Resistance
S. andreanum PI 498148-1
Control VCG 4B VCG 4A
G/R = 1.215 G/R = 1.277 G/R = 1.223
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Replicated Screening for Verticillium ResistanceControl VCG 4B VCG 4A
S. andreanum PI 498148-2
G/R = 1.167 G/R = 1.158 G/R = 1.212
Species PI # Clones Survived
S. andreanum 498148 2S. bulbocastanum 498011 1
S. hougasii 239423 1
S. hougasii 283107 1
S. iopetalum 275181 1
S. iopetalum 275182 2
Replicated Screening for Verticillium Resistance
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Aerial Imaging applications in Potato Breeding: Biotic Stress Screening
20 40 60 80 10025
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Canopy Vigor (x 100 Total Number of Pixels)Yi
eld
(x 1
000
kg/h
a)
r = 0.58
Early Die field screening
NDVI Imaging 40 DAP
False Color Imaging 40 DAP
Potato virus Y field screening
120 140 160 180 200 220 240
50
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100
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Canopy Vigor (x 100 Total Number of Pixels)
Yiel
d (x
100
0 kg
/ha)
r = 0.80
NDVI Imaging – 40 DAP
Aerial Imaging applications in Potato Breeding: Biotic Stress Screening
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Potato virus Y field screening
Psuedocolor Imaging
NDVI and GNDVI values of potato plants grown from PVY infected and PVY free seed pieces
Aerial Imaging applications in Potato Breeding: Biotic Stress Screening
Profiling Volatile Organic Compounds
Columbia Root Knot Nematode Screening
Ø Profiling VOC emissions has potential in germplasm screening
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Conclusion
Ø High Throughput Phenotyping has potential in Germplasm Screening
Ø Once validated – remote sensing tools can add value in potato breeding
• Field screening for pest/disease
• Nitrogen and water use efficiency
• Quality
Ø Aerial imaging has potential applications in Potato Seed Industry
• PVY rouging
Ø VOCs have potential use in screening for soil borne pathogens like Nematodes
• Can it replace tedious nematode screening..
Funding Sources
ØPotato Commissions of OR, WA, IDØUSDA-NIFA Special Grant
ØCooperative Research Agreements USDA/ARS