Government at a Glance 2015

Country Fact Sheetwww.oecd.org/gov/govataglance.htm

The share of women in German politics is above OECD average and is increasing,but still below parity

The share of women parliamentarians in the German parliament (Bundestag) has increased by 3.6 percent-age points since the 2009 election, reaching 36.5%. This is above the OECD average of 27.9%, but still some way from parity. However, this has been achieved without the application of gender quotas. The ratio of female ministers to all ministers is 33.3%, above the OECD average of 29.3%, but remains below levels seen in other OECD countries such as Sweden, Finland and France which have gender parity in ministers.

Chapter 3: Public employment and compensation

Share of women parliamentarians and legislated gender quotasShare of women ministers

While many Germans obtain public sector information online, online transactionswith public authorities by citizens and businesses is below the OECD average

In 2014, 52% of individuals used the Internet to obtain information from government, compared to 48.6% across the OECD. However, only 16% use it for sending filled forms compared to the OECD average of 32.8%. Across the OECD, businesses make greater use of digital government, but 2013 data shows that Germany still lags behind in this domain: 66.1% of businesses obtain public sector information over the Internet, compared to the OECD average of 83%; while 61.1% use it to sending filled forms, compared to 77.9% across the OECD.

Chapter 10: Digital government

Individuals using the Internet to interact with public authorities by type of activityBusinesses using the Internet to interact with public authorities by type of activity

Satisfaction with the health care system is high and confidence in the judicial systemhas increased

In an OECD wide comparison, German citizens are particularly satisfied with their health care system. 85% express satisfaction, compared to a 71% OECD average, though satisfaction has slightly declined in Germa-ny since 2007, from 87% to 85%. In terms of confidence in the judicial system, Germany has experienced a significant increase from 51% of citizens expressing confidence in the judicial system in 2007, to 67 % 2014, and ranks now among the top 10 in this area. This also compares well to the OECD average of 54% confidence in 2014. Public satisfaction with quality and equity of the education system has also improved from 60% in 2007, to 66% in 2014, slightly below the 66.8% OECD average.

Chapter 12: Serving Citizens

Citizens’ satisfaction with the health care systemCitizens‘ confidence with the judicial systemCitizens’ satisfaction with the education system

Germany

Government revenues(2013, 2014)

Government expenditures(2013, 2014)

Government gross debt *(2013, 2014)

% of GDP % of GDP % of GDP

Source: OECD National Accounts Source: OECD National Accounts Source: OECD National Accounts

G@G /dataG@G /data

-15% -10% 0%-5% +5% +10% +15%

Germany

-4.2%0.7%

2013 2013

0.1%

2014

Fiscal balance *(2013, 2014)

% of GDP

Public investment(2013, 2014)

% of of total govt. expenditures

How to read the figures:

Germany

Country value in blue (not represented if not available)

Average of OECD countries in green

Range of OECD country values in grey

Public Finance & Economics Public Employment & Compensation

Public Finance and Economics

GOVERNMENT INPUTS: FINANCIAL AND HUMAN RESOURCES

29.3%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

33.3%Germany

20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

OECD - 2013

41.9%

43.9%(2014)

44.3%(2013)

Germany

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

OECD - 2013

7.8%

4.8%(2014)

4.9%(2013)

Germany

81.8%

2013

82.4% 100%

0%2014

109.3%100%

0% 2013

0% 50% 100% 150% 200% 250%

Germany

Source: OECD National Accounts. * See Notes

Values have been rounded. n.a. refers to

data not available

Source: OECD/Eurostat National Accounts* SNA definition, see Notes

Public Employment and Compensation

G@G /data

58.0%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

n.a.Germany

Public sector employment filled by women (2013)

Source: International Labour Organization (database)

Share of women ministers(2015)

Source: Inter-Parliamentary Union Parline Database

Public sector employmentas % of total employment (2013)

Source: International Labour Organization (database)

21.3%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

n.a.Germany

20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

OECD - 2013

37.7%

44.6%(2014)

44.5%(2013)

Germany

GOVERNMENT PROCESSES

Institutions Regulatory Governance Public Procurement Public Sector Integrity Digital Government

Digital Gov.

High Moderate Low

30%59%11%

ModerateGermany

G@G /data

Level ofinfluence of the

Centre of Governmentover line ministries

(2013)

Institutions

Source: OECD 2013 Survey on Centre of Government

Women in Government

Primary lawsSubordinateregulations

Stakeholder engagement to inform o�cials about the problem and

possible solutions

Primary lawsSubordinateregulations

Consultation on draft regulations or proposed rules

For some primary laws

For all primary laws

For all subordinate regulations

For all primary laws /subordinate regulations

For major primary laws /subordinate regulations

For some primary laws /subordinate regulations

NeverNotapplicable

For some subordinate regulations

3%15%65%15%2%

6%9%

62%23%0%

68%6%

18%6%2%

53%18%24%5%0%

Germany

G@G /data

Source: OECD Regulatory Policy Outlook (forthcoming)

Stakeholder engagement and consultation (2014)

Regulatory Governance

Strategic public procurement - Objectives(2014)

G@G /data

Public Procurement

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

29.0%

50%

33.8%

Germany

Source: OECD National Accounts

Procurement expenditure(2013)

% of government expenditures

Source: 2014 OECD Survey on Public Procurement

Public Sector Integrity

2632

64

44

Judicial Branch “At risk” areasLegislative BranchExecutive Branch

Low level

Medium level

High level

19

GermanyGermanyGermanyGermany

67

2533

Level of disclosure of private interestsacross branches of government

(2014)

Source: 2014 OECD Survey on Managing Conflict of Interest in the Executive Branch and Whistleblower Protection

0.58

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0.55Germany

OURdata Index:Open, Useful, ReusableGovernment Data (2014)

Composite indexfrom 0 lowest to 1 highest

Source: 2014 OECD Survey on Open Government Data

Support for greenpublic procurement

A strategy / policy has been developed by some procuring entities

A strategy / policy has been developed at a central level

Support forSMEs

Support for innovativegoods and services

13 26 1

A strategy / policy has been rescinded

A strategy / policy has never been developed

2 10 25 0 3 10 23 0 3

Germany

GOVERNMENT OUTPUTS AND OUTCOMES

Notes Fiscal balance as reported in the System of National Accounts (SNA) framework, also referred to as net lending (+) or net borrowing (-) of government, is calculated as total government revenues minus total government expenditures. Structural fiscal balance, or underlying balance, represents the fiscal balance adjusted for the state of the economic cycle (as measured by the output gap which resulted as the dif ference between actual and potential GDP) and one-off fiscal operations. Government gross debt is reported according to the SNA definition, which dif fers from the definition applied under the Maastricht Treaty. It is defined as all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. All debt instruments are liabilities, but some liabilities such as shares, equity and financial derivatives are not debt.

Core Government Results and Service Delivery

Out of pocket expenditure as a % of final household consumption Access to healthcare (2012)

Source: OECD Health Statistics 2014

Satisfaction and confidence across public services (2014)

71%

Judicial system

Education system

85%

20

40

60

80

100

Health care

67%66%

54%67%

National government42%60%

Germany

Average

Range

Source: Gallup World Poll

-15%

-10%

-5%

0%

5%

GermanyTop10%

0.0%

Bottom10%

0.8%

Top10%

Bottom10%

-1.6% -0.8%

Changes in household disposable income,by income group (2007-2011)

Source: OECD Income Distribution Database

Limited government powers(2014)

Germany0.85

0.76

[0.37-0.92]

Source: The World Justice Project

Equity in learning outcomes (2012)PISA mathematics score variance by socio economic background

14.8%

5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

16.9%Germany

Source: OECD, PISA 2012 results: Excellence through equity, 2013

% of citizens expressing confidence/satisfaction

Government at a Glance 2015With a focus on public administration, OECD Government at a Glance 2015 provides readers with a dashboard of key indicators assembled with the

goal of contributing to the analysis and international comparison of public sector performance across OECD countries. Indicators on public finances

and employment are provided alongside composite indexes summarising aspects of public management policies, and indicators on services to

citizens in health care, education, and justice. Government at a Glance 2015 also includes indicators on key governance and public management

issues, such as regulatory management, budgeting practices and procedures, public sector integrity, public procurement and core government

results in terms of trust in institutions, income redistribution and efficiency and cost-effectiveness of governments.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/gov_glance-2015-en

The Excel spreadsheets used to create the tables and figures in Government at a Glance 2015 are available via the StatLinks provided throughout the publication:

For more information on the data (including full methodology and figure notes)and to consult all other Country Fact Sheets: www.oecd.org/gov/govataglance.htm

2.8%

0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5%

1.8%Germany