GERIA

A WRITTEN REPORT

In partial fulfillment of the requirements in Geriatric Nursing

Submitted By:BSN-IVB/Group 8

Group Leader:Zacate, Kandysse Genille D.O.

Members:Melaño, Jeremy Harry B.

Perez, Mae Ann P.Rollorata, Nicole Marie M.

San Andres, Laiza B.San Pedro, Jesselyn C.

Sanico, Ariane Q.Santos, Clarisse Anne V.Santos, Jonnel Allan P.Torres, Gizelle Anne T.

Zaide, Vanessa G.

Submitted To:Mrs. Teresita A. Alcantara, RN, MAN

A Letter from "Mom n Dad"...

My child,

When I get old, I hope you understand 'n have patience with meIn case I break the plate, or spill soup on the table because I’m losing my

eyesight, I hope you don’t yell at me.Older people are sensitive, always having self pity when you yell.

When my hearing gets worse 'n I can’t hear what you’re saying, I hope you don’t call me ‘Deaf!’

Please repeat what you said or write it down.

I’m sorry, my child.I’m getting older.

When my knees get weaker, I hope you have the patience to help me get up.Like how I used to help you while you were little, learning how to walk.

Please bear with me, when I keep repeating myself like a broken record; I hope you just keep listening to me.

Please don’t make fun of me, or get sick of listening to me.

Do you remember when you were little 'n you wanted a balloon? You repeated yourself over 'n over until you get what you wanted.

Please also pardon my smell. I smell like an old person. Please don’t force me to shower.

My body is weak.Old people get sick easily when they’re cold. I hope I don’t gross you out.

Do you remember when you were little? I used to chase you around because you didn’t want to shower.

I hope you can be patient with me when I’m always cranky. It’s all part of getting old.

You’ll understand when you’re older.'n if you have spare time, I hope we can talk even for a few minutes.

I’m always all by myself all the time, 'n have no one to talk to.I know you’re busy with work.

Even if you’re not interested in my stories, please have time for me.

Do you remember when you were little? I used to listen to your stories about your teddy bear.

When the time comes, 'n I get ill 'n bedridden, I hope you have the patience to take care of me.

I’m sorry if I accidentally wet the bed or make a mess.

I hope you have the patience to take care of me during the last few moments of my life.

I’m not going to last much longer, anyway.When the time of my death comes, I hope you hold my hand 'n give me

strength to face death.

'n don’t worry..When I finally meet our creator,

I will whisper in his ear to bless you because you loved your Mom 'n Dad.Thank you so much for your care.

We love you. ! ♥

Name of Elderly: Teresita Casing Age: 66 Name of Interviewers: Clarisse Anne V. Santos

Jesselyn C. San Pedro

I. Actual Conversation

Clarisse: Good afternoon po, ako po si Clarisse.

Jesselyn: at ako naman po si Jesselyn,

Clarisse: Ngayon po ay nabigyan tayo ng isang oportunidad upang makapag interview ng isang elder, upang makapagbahagi satin ng kaalaman, mga pagbabago, at mga. karanasan.

Jesselyn: Simulan po natin, maaari po bang magpakilala kayo tita.

Interviewee: Ako si Ginang Teresita Casing, ang edad ko ay 66, ako ay isang retired teacher ng Grade 1 for 39 years. Isipin mo 39 years din ako nag pupuyat, kahit ganon pa man, nakaka enjoy pa din ang pagtuturo. Sa trabaho ko naman hindi rin maiiwasan ang magalit ka sa mga estudyante, at kadalasan lagi ako naka tayo sa klase.

Clarisse: Tita mga ilang taon naman po kayo nag asawa at ilan po ang mga anak ninyo.......

Interviewee: 28 years old na ako nag asawa, may 3 ako anak, sa awa ng diyos lahat naman sila nakatapos ng pagaaral.

Jesselyn: Diba tita sabi nyo kanina nagsimula na kayo ma-stress, kamusta naman po ang presyon ninyo may mga maintenance na po ba kayo na mga gamot?

Interviewee: Okay pa naman, nung kabataan ko normal pa naman ang BP ko, tapos pala 45

years old ako, nag menopause na ako, tapos nun ang dami na din nagbago sa akin, tulad ng hot flushes akala ko nga dati buntis ako, tapos nung 50 years old ako, nabasa ko sa isang magazine na dapat regular na ako papa check up tapos nung 55 years old ako, nagtataka ako lagi na ako nagtatae kaya din ako nag pacheckup, lagi na din kasi ako sinisikmura, dun ko lang din nalaman na may ulcer na pala ako, tapos napansin ko may bula-bula na yun dumi ko. Ngyon, may maintenance na ko sa BP at cholesterol ko.

Jesselyn: Maitanong ko lang po kung ilan beses po kayo dumudumi sa isang araw?

Interviewee: Mga 4 na beses, dun na din nag simula yun pag taas ng BP ko kaya binigyan na din ako ng maintenance pero tinigil ko din nung naging okay na BP kaya tumataas ulit.

Clarisse: Ano naman po yung mga kinakain ninyo nung mataas na presyon niyo?

Interviewee: Pinagbawalan na nila ako kumain ng maalat kaya gulay at onting karne nalang ang pagkain ko. - May pangyayari din na tumatae ako na fresh blood kaya nag pacheck up ako, nagunder go ako ng colonoscopy at dun nalaman ng may colon cancer ako, but nalang hindi sya ganun kalala, wala pa siya sa stage 1 tapos inoperahan ako sa edad ng 65 years old ko nalaman.

Clarisse: Ano naman ang mga kinakain ninyo after na maoperahan kayo at ano na ang mga pagbabago sa inyo?

Interviewee: Kumaen kaen ako high fiber food, umiinum na din ako ng maraming tubig meron na din ako vitamins, tapos oat meal umagahan ko. Hmm, mga apat na beses, mas okay na ganon ang bilang ng pag dumi ko kaysa sa nacoconstipate ako.

Jesselyn: Ngayon po tita, punta tayo sa exercise.

Interviewee: Nako wala na ako exercise, per minsan naglalakad lakad naman ako tapos ang mga libangan ko gardening pero hindi na ako nakakalabas.- Sa gantong edad at nung nagsimula ako nagretired naging makakalimutain na ako, mga spelling nalilito na ako.

Clarisse: Tita ano po bang advice ang mabibigay niyo para sa amin sa mga kabataan po tungkol sa kanilang kalusugan?

Interviewee: Ang masasabi ko lang ay dapat nila alagaan ang kalusugan nila, dapat iwasan kumaen ng frozen food, yung may preservatives. Mahalaga rin ang tamang pagtulog at paminsan-minsan eh magpakasaya habang bata pa.

Jesselyn and Clarisse: Okay po tita, dito na po nagtatapos ang interview natin, maraming salamat po!

II. Head-to-toe Physical Assessment

A. Senses Visual – decreased ability to dark adaptation, can only read fine prints with reading

glasses. Auditory – decreased threshold for high pitched sounds. Tactile – Still sensitive to touch and pain. Gustatory – no dentures, still normal smell and taste sensation. Olfactory – still normal smell sensation.

B. Integumentary Hair: combination of color white and gray Skin: with wrinkles, liver spots seen on the face, arms, and legs.

C. Musculoskeletal (+) joint pains

D. Body Position Gait – normal gait Built - mesomorph

E. Cardiovascular (+) Hypertension

F. Respiratory (-) dyspnea when doing ADL, (-) mucus filled airways

G. Gastrointestinal Slowed peristalsis, delayed secretion

H. Genito-urinary Increased in urine frequency and consistency, decreased muscle tone of bladder

and ureterI. Immune System

Easily can have colds and feverJ. Neurologic

Forgetfulness, decreased sleep time, easily distracted with noise when sleeping.

III. Differentiate and analyze the data gathered from the interview and determine whether the above indicators reflect their present and previous lifestyles.

Mrs. Casing was a former grade school teacher and as with her passion to service, her lifestyle was same as others usually skip meals, or even forgot to eat her meals for the day, plus the stresses she had. Due to the lifestyle she had before he reached 60 years old, she acquired illnesses and by these, she’s accomplishing the medications she have and to be able to maintain a healthy body and refrain from having complications, she makes sure that she had daily checkups every three months and for her colonoscopy, and to check her blood pressure as well. This reflects on her previous lifestyles as her immune system gets lower susceptibility and as she comes into aging, it merely depletes more yet, it is prevented by Mrs. Casing by changing into a habit of eating nutritious foods and doing simple exercises.

IV. Based on your interview, what do you think are the determinants of good health later in life?

When we interviewed Mrs. Casing, we’re so amazed how she carries herself gracefully despite of facing changes in her life. One determinant of good health that we’ve noted was the characteristic and behavior of the person. Mrs. Casing has shown great positivity that comes with attitude towards life. As she mentioned most of the trials she had, no one could ever imagine how she have survived and remained humbly in good condition. As one gets older, she or he can still be as graceful as they were and could still develop and earn learning points in life. When Mrs. Casing had her first major operation, she said that the only thing that counts for her is her faith that she could still live in a normal way as she lives and simply enjoy life with her family now that they gets older and older. Back then, Mrs. Casing was a former grade school teacher by profession, and as busy as she was with her work, she admitted that she finds difficult to spend time with her self and family as well. Then, we can conclude that determinants that could also be important in aiming good health are the physical and social environment. Safe water and clean air, healthy workplaces, safe houses, and communities and roads all contribute to good health. Customs and traditions in and beliefs of the family and community can affect health. At some point in our lives, we also need as well to rejuvenate, to simply stop at the moment and just breathe and relax. Spend time with our family and loved ones. Spending time having dinner or attending masses all together or just having simple activities that involve the whole family could bring closeness and openness. Social support system is valuable as we face different shortcomings in life, empathy can be of great help. Health is not just simply “being physically fit”, but it encompasses emotional and as well as spiritual involvement.

V. Reflect on how you conducted the interview. Did you have difficulty in communicating? Explore the communication techniques that you should know when interviewing the older people.

We really had a nice conversation with Mrs. Casing, far from our expectations we had at first. When we invited her for an interview, we briefed her about the topic and questions that she needs to answer. She was friendly and cooperative as she dresses herself properly and prepared for the interview. She even had a piece of paper in her hand for her guide and suggested questions we must ask first. She has still this teacher manner of approaching us and answering sets of questions. It wasn’t difficult for us to conduct this interview because Mrs. Casing was willing to spend her time telling us stories of her life. One technique we have learned in communicating with the elders is having a clear and modulated tone of voice. So that they could answer the questions or even respond appropriately and accordingly. Secondly, using simple and short sentences can help the elders to easily understand and verify the questions the interviewer may ask. Then, lastly, using non – verbal cues is very important especially in an interview like this, one factor that can help the elders express themselves freely and nicely. One thing we had noticed is that more elders are precise in sharing stories they had experienced before their time then it will turned out as if they were lecturing us on what to do and not to.

It was really a memorable experience as we encountered elders that showed us the mirror of changes - beautiful changes that inspire us to be motivated and appreciative in life. They may be old in number, yet, they possesses great attitude in handling situations in life. We have lots of learning from them even it was not recorded in the video, capturing every word they say by putting it in our mind and in our hearts.

Interviewer, Cameraman & interview transcribing:

Santos, Clarisse Anne V.

Physical Assessment & Soft-copy edits:

Santos, Clarisse Anne V.

Name of Elderly: Danilo Dacanay Casing Age: 67 Name of Interviewers: Jesselyn C. San pedro

Clarisse Anne V. Santos


Clarisse: Ngayon naman po ay maiinterview natin ang asawa ni Ma’am Teresita Casing.

Jesselyn: Ano po buong pangalan ninyo?

Tito: Danilo Dacanay Casing

Clang and jessy: Tanong din po naming kung ilan taon na po kayo?

Tito Nilo: 1944 ako pinanganak, ano ba year ngayon?

Clarisse and Jesselyn : Tito sa palagay niyo po ano year na ngayon?

Tito Nilo: Hindi ko alam. Mag minus nalang kayo.

Clarisse and Jesselyn: Sige po tito, 2011 na po na ngayon bali po 67 years old na po kayo, e tito ilan po anak niyo?

Tito Nilo: Tatlo

Clarisse: Pwede niyo po ba sabihin kung sino sino po sila?

Tito Nilo: si Erwin, menchie, at paleng

Jesselyn: Lahat po ba sila nakatapos ng pag aaral?

Tito Nilo: Oo

Clarisse and Jesselyn : Tito meron po ba kayo bisyo?

Tito Nilo: Dati nainom ako at naninigarilyo

Jesselyn: ilan alak naman po naiinom niyo sa isang araw?

Tito Nilo: ewan ko nakalimutan ko na.

Clarisse: e sa sakit naman po? Ano na po mga sakit ang napagdaanan niyo po?

Tito nilo: Wala naman

Jesselyn: ano naman po yung mga pagbabago sa inyong pangangatawan?

Tiito Nilo: Wala

Clarisse: hmm sa pisikal na anyo po, sa health niyo po, meron ba pag babago?

Tito Nilo: humihina na paningin ko.

Jesselyn: eto po tito, nababasa nyo itong ganto kaliit na sulat?

Tito nilo: hindi na.

Jesselyn: tito sa pang araw araw na gawain, ano po ang mga pinagkakaabalahan ninyo?

Tito Nilo: nung nag retired na ako, wala na.

Clarisse: Ano po pala tito trabaho niyo dati?

Tito Nilo: Manager ako dati ng nestle

Jesselyn: Ilan taon naman po kayo nung nagsimula kayo nagtrabaho?

Tito Nilo: 17 years old

Clarisse and Jesselyn: ilan taon nman po kayo nag retired?

Tito Nilo: nakalimutan ko na

Jesselyn: ano po dahilan kung bakit po kayo nag retired?

Tito nilo: retirement age na yun e.

Clarisse: nung tinigil niyo po yun pag iinom niyo ng alak at sigarlyo, ano pong pagbabago ang nangyari sa inyo?

Tito Nilo: Hindi na ako nahihilo at nasusuka, tapos lumakas na din ako kumaen ngayon.

Jesselyn: ano po kaya sa palagay ninyo kung bakit kayo nahilig sa pag inom ng alak?

Tito Nilo: wala, pag tapos ko na mag work, tamang kwentuhan lan tapos yun nainom kami.

Clarisse: wala po ba talaga kayo naalalang sakit ninyo?

Tito Nilo: wala Talaga

Clarisse and Jesselyn: sige po, ano naman po mga exercises na ginagawa niyo?

Tito Nilo: Hindi ako mahilig mag exercise, pero minsan naglalakad lakad ako.

Clarisse: e nung kabataan niyo po nag exercise din po ba kayo? O kahit sports na sinasalihan niyo?

Tito Nilo: wala

Jesselyn: Ngayon po nagbabasa pa din po kayo ng libro or kahit dyaryo po?

Tito Nilo: Tinitignan ko lang pero di na para basahin.

Clarisse: Nung nag retired po ba kayo naging makakalimutin po ba kayo parang si tita tessy po?

Tito Nilo: Hindi, wala naming pagbabago.

Jesselyn: ganon po, sige ito tanong po ulit naming kung ilan taon na po kayo?

Tito Nilo: 1944 ako pinanganak, i minus niyo na lang sa year ngayon.

Clarisse: 67 years old na po kayo tito.Clarisse: kamusta naman po ang pandinig ninyo?Tito Nilo: ayos lang naman

Tita Tessy(Her wife)- nako marami na yan nagging sakit, na operahan na yan dahil sa luslos, sa katarata.

Tito Nilo: May katarata pala ako, hindi ko alam.

Jesselyn: opo tito, may bagay na po kasi kayo na hindi niyo na po maalala. E tito sa pag kain niyo po, ano ang mga kinakain ninyo?

Tito nilo: kung ano ang nasa mesa, yun lang.

Clarisse and Jesselyn: wala po ba kayo preferred food tulad ni tita?

Tito nilo: Wala naman kasi ako nararamdaman sakit e.

Jesselyn: gamot po na iniinom?

Tito Nilo: wala din

Clarisse: ano pala tito ang ulam niyo kanina?

Tito Nilo: hindi ko na maalala

Clarisse: o sige po tito ano na lang po ang mabibigay niyo na advice sa mga kabataan tulad namin tungkol po sa health.

Tito Nilo: and advise ko lang dapat yun mga kabataan dapat sumusunod sa mga kanilang magulang, pangalawa sundin ang pamahalaan, at pangatlo and diyos.

Clarisse and Jesselyns: sige po tito, maramaing salamat po!


A. Senses Visual – decreased ability to read fine prints, decreased ability to determine

differentiation of colors. Auditory – decreased hearing capabilities especially low tone voices. Tactile – still sensitive to touch and pain. Gustatory – no dentures, still with normal taste sensation and smell sensation. Olfactory – decreased ability to differentiate variation of scents.

B. Integumentary Hair: the color is in combination of white and gray. Skin: has dry and wrinkled skin with presence of liver spots on the face, arms,

and legs.C. Musculoskeletal

No joint pains, still has intact muscle strength.D. Body Position

Gait – stooped position Built - mesomorph

E. Cardiovascular Has hypertension, easy fatigability increasing heart rate.

F. Respiratory (+) dyspnea during ADL, (-) mucus filled airways,

G. Gastrointestinal (+) dyslipidemia, slowed peristalsis, delayed digestion

H. Genito-urinary Increased urine frequency and nocturia, muscle tone of bladder and ureters are

still maintained.I. Immune System

Has frequent colds and coughJ. Neurologic

Easily distracted with noise when sleeping, remember mostly remote memories and forget recent activities done


Mr. Danilo Casing started smoking he was 17years old and had been drinking alcohol as a habit. He smokes for almost 1 pack a day and drink alcohol twice a day. These vices caused him to have chronic liver disease and dyslipidemia. Today, he already has maintenance of medications and maintaining his diet by eating healthy foods.


As we interviewed Mr. Casing, we have seen certain points that we concluded as determinants in order to have good health. Due to Mr. Casing’s lifestyle when he was still working as a manager in the company, he was influenced by his friends and co-workers as he got into drinking alcohol and smoking. So, one factor is the social and economic environment. Influencing is one major impact in social extent. Due Mr. Casing’s involvement to vices, he acquired sickness through it and further led him to withdraw his work from that time on. Thus, behavior can also be a determinant in fulfilling and maintaining good health. Personal behavior and coping skills, balanced eating, keeping active, smoking, drinking, and how we deal with life’s stresses and challenges will all affect health. To a large extent, factors such as where we live, the state of our environment, genetics, our income and education level, and our relationships with friends and family all have considerable impacts on health, whereas the more commonly considered factors such as access and use of health care services often have less of an impact. Now that Mr. Casing is manifesting signs of aging such as being forgetfulness, he was so fortunate enough that his family and loved ones support him and love him as he was. Emotional involvement is much important especially to the elders who need care and affection.


After we had interviewed Mrs. Casing, Mr. Casing was also willing to be interviewed so we had him as well. From the start of our conversation, one thing that made us difficult to communicate with him is his ability to answer questions beyond his memorable experiences. Due to aging, it’s hard for him to remember recent activities he had, or even acquainted by his age and the present time and year. But, he was conversely appropriate as we ask him questions regarding his name and names of his children. But regarding his health problems, it was discussed further by his wife, Mrs. Casing. Techniques and skills we’ve done when we interviewed Mrs. Casing is one way different to Mr. Casing. First is we didn’t have orientations prior the actual interview because in Mr. Casing’s case, it’s much easier for him to answer questions directly than handing him all the information. So, in the extent of communicating with elders who possesses dementia or forgetfulness, it could be as nice as possible to have them express their feelings that tell them what they must do, in a proper manner of speaking. Approaching them is one factor that could led the elder be himself or the other way, hide themselves and feel ashamed when interviewed. We also learned what are valuable for them was remote memories they had encountered. So, we must always show enthusiasm as elder people share stories and experiences they’ve had. They wanted to make us believe of the things which they already have proven.

This simple and even short time we spent with elder people, we felt the wisdom they had, and the passion they were living. We were so happy, indeed, as we had pictures with them and also learned some tips they had.

Interviewer, Cameraman & interview transcribing:

San Pedro, Jesselyn C.


San Pedro, Jesselyn C.

Name of Elderly: Mrs. Carolina Pintucan Age: 72Name of Interviewers: Kandysse Genille D.O. Zacate

Jonnel Allan P. Santos


KANDYSSE: Magandang hapon po nanay, ako po si Kandysse bale galing po kaming Perpetual Help. Nandito po ako para magtanong ng kaunting katanungan tungkol sa inyo, so una po sa lahat gusto ko po sana malaman kung ano po ang pangalan ninyo po?

NANAY CAROLINA: Carolina Pintucan

KANDYSSE: Carolina …. Pintuan?

NANAY: Pintucan. Carolina Pintucan.

KANDYSSE: Ilang taon na po kayo nanay?

NANAY: 72.

KANDYSSE: 72 po. Bale ilan po ang mga anak ninyo?

NANAY: 7 ang buhay

KANDYSSE: Pito po? Yung lahat-lahat po, buhay pa po lahat?

NANAY: Hindi, patay na ung isa pero 7 ang buhay,.

KANDYSSE: Bale walo po ang anak ninyo, pero patay na po ung isa. Asan po ang asawa nyo po?

NANAY: Patay na rin

KANDYSSE: Ahh patay na rin po. Tanda nyo pa po ba lahat ng pangalan ng anak ninyo?

NANAY: oo.

KANDYSSE: isa-isahin nyo nga po.

NANAY: Umpisahan sa panganay?

KANDYSSE: Oh sige po.

NANAY: Angeles ……. Ahh .. pangalan ng panganay, tapos, agnes, jacinto, ahhh … apat na?

KANDYSSE: 3 pa lang po.

NANAY: Ahh tatlo, angeles, agnes, jacinto, maria agnes, …. Rey, Amelia, joanne, Arturo.

KANDYSSE: Ahh tanda nyo pa po pala lahat. Bale tatanong ko lang po sana kung ano po yung kadalasang nararamdaman nyo po dala ng pagtanda tulad po ano, highblood, lagi pong inaantok ganun.

NANAY: Ano, nahihilo ako, dahil na rin sa hindi ako masyadong nakakatulog.

KANDYSSE: Ahh kulang po kayo sa tulog?

NANAY: oo.

KANDYSSE: ano pa po?

NANAY: Tapos, ayun sumasakit mga buto ko. Ito madalas sumakit.

KANDYSSE: Ano pa po ang kadalasang nararamdaman nyo po bukod pa po doon?

NANAY: Wala naman, iyon lang.

KANDYSSE: Hindi naman po kayo ihi ng ihi?

NANAY: Iyon, ihi ng ihi sa gabi

KANDYSSE: Ahh ihi po kayo ng ihi sa gabi?

NANAY: Mga apat na beses, minsan isa lang.

KANDYSSE: Dun pos a rayuma nyo, umiinom po ba kayo ng gamot?

NANAY: Oo, pinadoktor ako ng anak kong bunso.

KANDYSSE: Ano pong gamut ang iniinom nyo? Yung pinaka-maintenance nyo po?

NANAY: Ung Aspilin?

KANDYSSE: Aspirin po?

NANAY: Oo, tapos ung sa buto.

KANDYSSE: Pero regular nyo pong tinetake iyon o kung kalian lang po masakit?

NANAY: Hindi, araw-araw kong iniinom iyon.

KANDYSSE: Ahh, araw araw po iyon.

NANAY: At saka vitamins, ayun.

KANDYSSE: Nagvivitamins din po kayo. Hindi naman po kayo highblood?

NANAY: Nahahighblood din ako pero regular daw yun eh, yung 140/90.

KANDYSSE: Ano pong sabi ng doctor? Normal nyo daw po iyon?

NANAY: Sabi nila normal naman daw iyon.

KANDYSSE: Pero nagpacheck-up na po kayo?

NANAY: Oo, nung nagpadoktor kami dito.

KANDYSSE: Ahh, nagpacheck-up na po kayo, may ibinigay po bang gamut? Ano po ibinigay sa inyo?

NANAY: Yun nga, ung sa pang-buto.

KANDYSSE: Ayy yung sa highblood nyo po nay?

NANAY: Ahh, wala, wala naman ibinigay.

KANDYSSE: So wala po kayong gamut sa highblood?

NANAY: Wala, wala.

KANDYSSE: Bale ano pong ginagawa nyo pag nakakaramdam po kayo ng pagkahilo o di kaya’y pakiramdam nyo eh hinahigh blood po kayo?

NANAY: Wala, yung inaaliw ko lang yung sarili ko dahil ayaw ko pa mamatay. Ayaw ko mapunta sa ospital.

KANDYSSE: Takot po kayo maospital?

NANAY: Ayoko, ayoko doon.

KANDYSSE: Bukod po doon sa mga problemang naeencounter nyo bilang isang may edad na, ano po yung physical activities ninyo? Nage-exercise po ba kayo?

NANAY: Ahh dati, umaatend kami ng taichi. Pero ngayon tumigil na ako.

KANDYSSE: Hindi po kayo nagjajogging sa umaga? Hindi na po kayo naglalakad lakad?

NANAY: Hindi na, dito na lang ako nagwawalis walis, ganoon.

KANDYSSE: Sa umaga po, ginagawa nyo pa rin po ba yung pagwawalis walis?

NANAY: Oo, para hindi mastock yung mga buto-buto ko para hindi sumakit. Kelangan ikilos na lang.

KANDYSSE: Nung nagpakonsulta po kayo sa doktor, mayroon po ba syang mga sinabi na mga dapat at hindi dapat na kainin sa edad nyo po?

NANAY: Ano, pinagbawalan ako kumain ng mga maalat, ganun, matatamis tska matataba. Pinag-gatas rin nila ako.

KANDYSSE: At saka po?

NANAY: Kape.

KANDYSSE: Yun po bang pinescribed na dyeta o diet, sinusunod nyo po o minsan po?

NANAY: Oo, pagkaumaga yung sky flakes na lang, dati kanin. Pero kapag kape at kanin ang kinakain ko, dun ako hinahighblood.

KANDYSSE: Oo nga po, factor din po kasi iyon para tumaas ang BP nyo po. Bale ngayon po ano na lang po ang madalas ninyong kinakain?

NANAY: Skyflakes lang.

KANDYSSE: Skyflakes lang po? Papaano po kapag tanghalian at hapunan? Skyflakes pa rin po?

NANAY: Ayy hindi, kanina yung kinain ko yung palabok ganun ang pinananghalian ko.

KANDYSSE: Pero bihira lang po kayo magkanin?

NANAY: Oo, tinitipid ko yung kanin.

KANDYSSE: Gulay po? Lagi po kayong naggugulay?

NANAY: Oo, iyon lagi kaming naggugulay dati.

KANDYSSE: Ahh lagi po kayong naggugulay. Prutas po?

NANAY: Ayan ganyan, ubas tsaka minsan mansanas.

KANDYSSE: Basta po kapag kumakain lagi po kayong may gulay at prutas?

NANAY: Oo, palagi.

KANDYSSE: Kapag magisa lang po kayo, ano po yung mga paraan para makapagrelax at makapaglibang po kayo?

NANAY: Wala.

KANDYSSE: Hindi po kayo nanood ng tv, ganun, nakikinig ng radyo o tumitingin sa photo album?

NANAY: Wala naman, kung ano lang gusting panuorin naming ganon.

KANDYSSE: Ano po kadalasan nyo pong pinapanuod? Mga teleserye po ba nanonood po kayo?

NANAY: Ano nga ba iyon, basta ano …

KANDYSSE: Ano po? ABS po ba o GMA?

NANAY: Ano. Channel 2.

KANDYSSE: Yung 100 days po?

NANAY: Hmm, oo iyon, tapos yung sunod sunod na.

KANDYSSE: Anong oras po kayo natutulog?

NANAY: Pag minsan? Alas onse naghihintay ako sa kanila.

KANDYSSE: Ahh eleven po. Anong oras na po kayo gumigising?

NANAY: Seven.

KANDYSSE: 7 ng umaga po?

NANAY: Oo mga 7 ng umaga.

KANDYSSE: Ano po yung tulog nyo mula eleven hanggang seven, tuloy tuloy po o pagising-gising po kayo?

NANAY: Ehh, pagising-gising. Ayan pag maingay siya.

KANDYSSE: Ahh nagigising po kayo dahil sa ingay, hindi dahil sa paputol-putol lang po ang tulog nyo?

NANAY: Hindi kasi pagdating ng alas tres, nagigising na ako pero yung tulog ko mababaw lang.

KANDYSSE: Tuwing tanghali po o di kaya umaga, natutulog din po kayo? O saglitan lang po?

NANAY: Nakakatulog ako pero saglitan lang.

KANDYSSE: Pag napapasandal po kayo, nakakatulog din po kayo?

NANAY: Oo, nakakidlip din ako.

KANDYSSE: Hindi po kayo sumama sa kanila sa mall, ganun?

NANAY: Hindi, ayoko dito lang ako sa bahay.

KANDYSSE: Ahh, naiiwan po kayong magisa dito sa bahay.

NANAY: Oo, ako lang magisa.

KANDYSSE: Hindi naman po kayo nababagot?

NANAY: Ayy, hindi sanay na ako.

KANDYSSE: Ano pong iniisip nyo pag nandito lang po kayo?

NANAY: Ayy wala, wala.

KANDYSSE: Hindi po kayo nagiisip ng mga bagay bagay?

NANAY: Wala, nagdadasal lang ako. Talagang nakaugalian ko na ang magdasal.

KANDYSSE: Ayaw nyo po makinig ng radyo?

NANAY: Nakikinig ako pag merong nakabukas.

KANDYSSE: Pero hindi po nakabukas, hindi po kayo nagbubukas kahit sa tv po?

NANAY: Hindi, kahit sa tv hindi rin ako nagbubukas.

KANDYSSE: Bakit po?

NANAY: Ayaw ko.

KANDYSSE: Ayaw nyo lang po

NANAY: Sayang ang kuryente

KANDYSSE: Nung kabataan nyo po ano po yung dating gawi po ng pamumuhay nyo halimbawa po sa pagkain nyo, ano po mga pagkaing kinakain nyo? O kaya naman po gala po pa ba kayo dati?

NANAY: Gala ako.

KANDYSSE: Mahilig po kayong mamasyal?

NANAY: mahilig ako dati sa sine.

KANDYSSE: Ahh bale nung kabataan nyo po mahilig na po ba talaga kayo sa gulay? Hindi po ba kayo nahilig sa matatamis tulad ng cakes, ice creams, chocolates? Sa matataba po? Lechon? pata?

NANAY: Nakain din ako pero hindi lage.

KANDYSSE: Ahh hindi po lage. So talaga pong simula dati healthy na po ung kinakain nyo. Bakit po kayo kaiba sa ibang tao hindi po kayo ung mahilig sa mga ganun? Dahil po ayaw nyo po talaga o dahil sinabi po sa inyo na?

NANAY: Ayaw ko, ayaw ko sa mga chismosa

KANDYSSE: Hindi po, tungkol po sa pagkain po.

NANAY: Aahh anong sa pagkain?

KANDYSSE: Tatanong ko lang po kung bakit kayo kaiba sa ibang tao na mahilig sa mga pata, lechon ganun o kaya matatamis?

NANAY: Ayy hindi.

KANDYSSE: Bakit po kayo mas pinipili nyong kumain ng mga gulay at prutas, dahil po ba alam nyong mga pagkaing matataba ay may epekto sa kalusugan?

NANAY: Iyon na ang tinuran samin ng mga magulang ko.

KANDYSSE: Ahh nakagisnan nyo po. San po ba kayo lumaki?

NANAY: Sa Cagayan.

KANDYSSE: Ahh sa Cagayan. Marami pong gulay?

NANAY: oo.

KANDYSSE: ahh kaya po kayo nahilig sa gulay. Eh nung kabataan nyo naman po, ano pong hilig nyong gawin? Mahilig po ba kayo sa sports, sumayaw, kumanta?

NANAY: Ano lang, yung ….. declamation.

KANDYSSE: Ahh declamation po. Hindi po kayo sumasali sa mga volleyball ganun?

NANAY: Hindi naman, hindi.

KANDYSSE: Ano po bang hilig nyo pong gawin nung bata kayo?

NANAY: Mamasyal ganun, gumagala.

KANDYSSE: Ilang taon po kayo nung nagkaasawa?

NANAY: Ahmm .. disi-otso.

KANDYSSE: Ahh disi-otso po. kalian po kayo unang nagkaanak?

NANAY: Nung ano na.. mga 20 anyos na.

KANDYSSE: Ahh 20 po. Bale ngayon po, dinadalaw naman po kayo ng mga anak nyo? Bale nagkakaron po ba kayo ng pagkakataon na magreunion o makumpleto kayo ng mga anak nyo?

NANAY: Oo

KANDYSSE: Kailan po yung huling pagkakataon na?

NANAY: Tuwing bagong taon.

KANDYSSE: Ah tuwing bagong taon po nakukumpleto kayo.

NANAY: oo. tuwing bagong taon.

KANDYSSE: Ay malapit na pong magbagong taon nay makukumpleto na rin po kayo.

NANAY: Oo nga.

KANDYSSE: Bale yun lang po muna sa ngayon yung mga gusto po naming malaman tungkol sa inyo.


A. Senses Visual - Loss of near vision can be noted. But Mrs. Carolina can see clearly when

wearing glasses. Auditory - Can hear things clearly yet can`t understand when the voice is beyond 3

ft. Tactile – Degree of pain is decreased and there is increase sensitivity to cold

temperature. Gustatory - Sense of taste is already impaired. Olfactory - Normal

B. Integumentary Wrinkled skin with poor turgor can be seen, there is also decreased elasticity and

presence of lentigo senilis. Skin is also cold to touch yet is dry and scaly. Hair is thin and gray. Mild alopecia on the parietal area is also noted.

C. Musculoskeletal Muscle and joint pain can be noted. Edematous lower extremeties

D. Body Position Gait - Walks in a stooping manner; slow walking and impaired balance. Built - Thin body built with globular abdomen.

E. Cardiovascular Has an elevated blood pressure Weak and thread pulse Bradycardia

F. Respiratory Tachypnea Sometimes experiences orthopnea

G. Gastrointestinal Experiences constipation Sometimes has a loss of appetite

H. Genito-urinary Increased frequency in urination

I. Immune System Decreased Immunity; Mrs. Carolina stated she can easily catch coughs and colds

when exposed to cold weather.J. Neurologic

Forgetfullness is getting frequent


Lola Carolina, unlike other elderly has minimal complaints on her health condition. She is just experiencing joint pains and sometimes dizziness when he can`t get enough sleep. Her form of exercise is just cleaning their terrace, but he doesn`t walk or jog outside the house. Because she was trained by her mother to always eat vegetables and fruits until now, she has that kind of diet. She prefers to eat fish and vegetables rather than meat, yet she eats some occasionally. She also has fruits always. Her breakfast is skyflakes and coffee. Lola Carolina releases her stress by just sitting inside their house and praying, sometimes she watches teleserye on the television and as of now she is hooked to “100 days to heaven”. She said that she`d rather stay home alone, sit on the couch and pray rather than go to the mall, watch television or listen to the radio.

Based on Lola Carolina`s previous and present lifestyle, less health problems was manifested for her age, he doesn`t have diabetes nor hypertension yet sometimes her blood pressure elevates as a result of aging. Her only concern is her arthritis. I can say that her previous diet and lifestyle has been good since she prefers eating healthy foods and she always exercise and attends Taichi sessions to promote muscle function, as what she said “para mabanat ang mga buto”. Diet and Lifestyle when we are young must be regulated and modified because according to waste theory, all the things we take inside our body will manifest as we age. So as early as now we have to be concerned on our health to have lesser problems when we enter the gerontology age.


To have a good health when we age, we have to be concerned on our health while we are young. This is done by diet and lifestyle modification. As early as my age, we have to start decreasing intake of sweets, fatty and salty foods because this all contributes to different diseases the elders commonly has like diabetes, and hypertension or worse it can lead to myocardial infarction or stroke. As to lifestyle, we have to exercise our bodies because anything that is not being used atrophies and decreases its functions. Also exercise is the one the increases good cholesterol in the body and it also promotes good circulatory function therefore there is a good blood flow in the body.


Since Lola Carolina still hears and understands words clearly, it wasn`t that difficult to communicate with her, she`s even eager to answer our questions. Yet as what I have observe, her memory is not that good since she can`t enumerate all of her children. Older people often have trouble hearing higher pitched tones. They also may not be able to make out sounds or words when there is background noise. Conversations may be difficult to hear, especially if the speaker has a high voice or there is background interference. Older persons may be frustrated or embarrassed about not being able to understand what is being said. They may have to ask people to repeat themselves, or endure shouting when a speaker tries to be heard. Older persons may hold back from

conversation out of a fear of making inappropriate comments. They may tire from concentrating and straining to hear. As a result, the older person may withdraw from friends and family and outside activities. Simple changes in behavior and the home environment can increase the elder's ability to carry on a normal conversation. We have to speak clearly and in a normal tone of voice. Don't speak too fast or too slow. Hold your head still. Do not shout. Get the older person's attention before speaking. Look directly at her or his face and at the same level. Stand or sit with the light above or toward you, not behind you. Keep your hands away from your mouth. Eliminate background noise from radio and television. Try using different phrases with the same meaning if you are not getting your point across. Build breaks into your conversation. Use facial expressions or gestures to give useful clues. Repeat yourself if necessary, using different words. Ask how you can help. Include the hearing-impaired person when talking, do not exclude them.

Interviewers :

Zacate, Kandysse Genille D.O.

Cameraman & interview transcribing:

Santos, Jonnel Allan P.


Zacate, Kandysse Genille D.O.

Name of Elderly: Carmelita M. Torres Age: 75 Name of Interviewers: Nicole Marie M. Rollorata

Gizelle Anne T. TorresVanessa G. Zaide


ZAIDE: Magandang hapon po kami po ay estudyante ng UPHS Binan. Ako po si Vanessa Zaide at ang aking mga-ka grupo na si Gizelle at Nicole .May mga konting katanungan lang po kame tungkol po sa inyo na related sa aming topic ng Geriatric Nursing .Ito ay tungkol sa mga matatanda , sa ano pong kadalasang nagiging sakit nila, ‘yung mga kundisyon po nila date at sa ngayon po, ito po yung ilan sa aming mga katanungan. Una po yung tungkol pos a kalusugan, may mga nararamdaman po ba kayo ngayon sa katawan nyo na sumasakit?

ELDERLY: Sa ngayon medyo masakit yung tuhod, nirarayuma ‘yung mga ganun.

ZAIDE Sa pang araw-araw nyo pong ginagawa ano po ung kalimitan nyong ginagawa?

ElDERLY:Sa maghapon nagluluto, naglalaba, namamalantsa.

ZAIDE: Ano po ung ginagawa nyo para pampawala po ng stress?

ELDERLY: Minsan pag andito sa bahay nanonood ng tv, o kaya pumupunta ako sa bahay ng kapatid ko para makipagusap.

ZAIDE: Ano po un nilalakad nyo lang po yun?

ELDERLY: Nilalakad ko lang yun

ZAIDE: Madalas na po ba kayong hingalin o hapuin?

ELDERLY: Hindi naman ako hinahapo, madame pa naman ako nagagawa paminsan minsan.

ZAIDE :Pero di naman po kayo hinahapo?

ELDERLY: ‘Di naman pa minsan lang pag masyado ng madaming ginagawa medyo napapagod din.

ZAIDE: Bale malimit po ba kayong makaramdam ng paninikip ng dibdib?

ELDERLY: Hindi naman

ZAIDE:Madali din po ba kayong magulat? Yung sa konting ingay lang po mga ganun?

ELDERLY: Hindi naman ako magugulatin. Ayoko lang e yung pag natutulog ako e yung madameng maingay, ayoko ring palakadlakad yung gumagala dyan.

ZAIDE: Malimit po ba kayong sipunin o ubuhin?

ELDERLY: Bihira naman

ZAIDE:Meron po ba kayong iniinom na vitamins?

ELDERLY: Vit. B complex

ZAIDE : Naospital na po ba kayo?

ELDERLY: Ay hindi pa naman basta ‘pag parang hina highblood ako dito lang ako sa bahay ,magpapa-BP lang ako kay Gizelle.

ZAIDE: Pero meron po kayong maintenance?

ELDERLY: oo meron Amlodepine.

ZAIDE: W madali po ba kayong mabusog? Kahit konti lang po kainin nyo?

ELDERLY: ay hindi naman, basta oras ng pagkain nakain ako.

ZAIDE:Ano po bang mas madalas nyo kainin?

ELDERLY: Minsan gulay kung ano meron, manok, baboy, gulay ganun.

ZAIDE: Nahihirapan po ba kayong dumumi minsan?

ELDERLY: paminsan-minsan, 2 araw di ako nakaka-dumi.

ZAIDE : Regular po ba kayo dumumi?

ELDERLY: Oo araw-araw ,once a day.

ZAIDE : Eh sa gabi po madalas po ba kayo maihi?

ELDERLY: Ay oo sa gabi madalas ako umihi mga 3 beses.

ZAIDE:Naranasan nyo na po ba ung di nyo napigilan yung ihi nyo?

ELDERLY: Ay hindi naman, kaya katabe ko lagi ung arinola ko sa gabi.

ZAIDE:E hirap po umihi?

ELDERLY: Ay hindi naman marami din ako umihi

ZAIDE:Madalas po ba kayong magkasakit o sipunin o ubuhin?

ELDERLY: Ay di naman bihira un, yung sa highblood ko lang. ‘Pag sumakit ung ulo ko nagpapa BP ako kay Gizelle.

ZAIDE : Pag nararamdaman nyo po na tumataas po yung BP ninyo ,ano po ung ginagawa nyo?

ELDERLY: Iinom ako tubig tsaka iinom ako nung maintenance ko.

ZAIDE: Nakakaranas din po ba kayo nung madalas na pagkalimot?

ELDERLY: Ay oo madalas yung tulad sa salamin ko nakakalimutan ko san ko nailapag.

ZAIDE : Sa pagtulog po gano po kahaba ung tulog ninyo?

ELDERLY:Matagal ako bago makatulog.

ZAIDE: Palaisip po ba kayo? Yung pag may problema po ba ‘yung iba, ‘di niyo rin po maiwasang isipin.

ELDERLY: Oo lalo na kamamatay lang nung lolo ni Gizelle.

ZAIDE : bale ayun lang po ang mga katanungan ko. Ang susunod po na magtatanong e si Gizelle.

TORRES : Siya si Lola Carmelita Torres 75 y/o. Meron pa tayong mga dagdag na mga katungan para naman sa Physical assessment natin. Sa paningin naman tayo, so lola yung mga ganung kalayo po nakikita nyo po ba ng malinaw ‘yung kasama naming si Nicole?

ELDERLY: Ay oo naman malinaw pa naman.

TORRES: eto ‘la may papakita po kame sa inyong 2 kulay nakikita nyo pa po ba?

ELDERLY: Oo naman malinaw pa naman.

TORRES: Kasi ang tendency sa mga matatanda nahihirapan na silang i-distinguish yung mga kulay. E ‘la pag tinanggal po ninyo yung salamin nyo? Sya malinaw pa din po yung tingin nyo?

ELDERLY: Malinaw pa din. Basta ang gusto ko lang e pag magbabasa ako e nakasuot ang salamin

TORRES :’La pag natutulog po kayo anong mas gusto nyo? Yung may ilaw o madilim?

ELDERLY: May ilaw, lalo na ngaun na kamamatay nga lang ni lolo mo lagi na akong may ilaw

TORRES : Pag la madilim na madilim di nyo na po naaaninag yung mga bagay-bagay?

ELDERLY: Oo madilim na talaga

TORRES : Nahihirapan na po ba kayo makarinig pag medyo pabulong?

ELDERLY: Nadidinig ko pa din.

TORRES : ‘pag naman medyo matinis ‘ung tunog?

ELDERLY: Masakit na sa tenga.

TORRES : ‘la sa pagluto po? Naiiba na po ba yung panlasa nyo?

ELDERLY: Oo minsan napapaalat na masyado. Saakin tama na pero sa iba sobrang alat na.

TORRES: ‘pag naman po may masakit? Madali nyo po ba nararamdaman o ung parang delayed?

ELDERLY:’Di naman, nararamdaman ko naman agad na masakit na talaga lalo na sa tuhod ko.

TORRES : E ung minsan naman po na pag parang nabibingi kayo tas pag tayo nyo e na out of balance po kayo?

ELDERLY: Ay hindi naman

TORRES: Dun naman po tayo sa cardiovascular, so sabe nyo po na meron po kayong highblood may maintenance po kayong amlodephine. Ano po yung madalas niyong BP?

ELDERLY: 130/90

TORRES : Madalas po ba kayong magpa check-up?

ELDERLY: Oo naman, minsan nagpapa BP ako sau

TORRES:’ yung sa changes naman sa katawan, mapapansin naten pag natanda na naputi na ang buhok, e nagtitina po ng buhok?

ELDERLY: ay bihira naman.

TORRES yung sa balat naman mapapansin naten yung kumukulubot

ELDERLY: Oo lalo na tong mga talsik ng mantika.

TORRES: tsaka diba nagkakaroon sila ng pasikpasik, nag da-dry. Meron ding presence ng liver spots kung tawagin. Sa paa din. E sa katawan naman ‘la , meron po bang nararamdaman na nanghihina? O pareparehas pa din ang lakas? Nagagalaw pa din ba lahat?

ELDERLY: Oo naman, pero yung ‘pag minsan lang , sumasakit yung tuhod ko.

TORRES: ‘pag may rayuma sumasakit. Dun naman tayo sa body position & gait.So patatayuin naten si lola, nakakalakad naman po si lola ng maaus, di din po sya nagamit ng mga saklay. Yung katawan din po ni lola katamtaman lang.’Di mataba, ‘di rin payat.

ZAIDE: Ano po yung kadalasan nyong nilalagay sa katawan nyo pag may nararamdaman pong masakit?

ELDERLY: Ayun nagpapacheck-up ako tas binibigyan ng gamot, pain reliever .

TORRES : So, ito po yung interview na ginawa namen, ulit eto po si Lola Carmelita and ito po yung ginawa naming interview para sa NCM 104. Ako po si Gianne, at yung kasama ko pong sina Nicole at si Ate Zaide.


A. Senses Visual – Decreased pupil size, require brighter light for accommodation,decreased

ability to read fine prints, decreased dark adaptation, (+) color sensitive Auditory – Decreased threshold for high pitch sounds Tactile – Still sensitive to touch and pain Gustatory – (+) dentures, altered taste and smell sensation Olfactory – Altered smell

B. Integumentary Hair: with gray hair Skin: wrinkles, dryness, decreased skin turgor, (+) liver spots

C. Musculoskeletal (+) arthritis

D. Body Position Gait – normal gait (-) assistive devices Built – mesomorph

E. Cardiovascular (+) HPN Decreased elasticity and distensibility of vascular system Susceptible to heart disease

F. Respiratory Functional reserve capacity maintained (-) dyspnea during ADL (-) mucus filled airways

G. Gastrointestinal Slowed peristalsis Acid secretion diminished delaying digestion

H. Genito-urinary (+) urine frequency & nocturia Muscle tone of bladder and ureters still maintained

I. Immune System Susceptible to flu and infection

J. Neurologic Reduction in sleep Decreased time in REM Sleep easily distracted with noise, forgetfulness


The indicators as stated above indeed reflect our interviewee’s present and previous lifestyles. Mrs. Torres often complains of knee pain due to arthritis.She also has hypertension. According to her, most of her BP is 130/90, sometimes is goes down to 120/60.She seeks medical service on their health center and her granddaughter is usually the one who monitors her BP. She also has a maintenance drug of Amlodipine. Mrs. Torres eats variety of foods, from vegetables, fishes up to meats, though fruits were seldom taken. She’s still very active on doing household chores, fatigue is still tolerable to her without experiencing dyspnea or distress.She has her way of relaxing herself such as going to her sisters’ house for a walk and talk. Mrs. Torres has an active life eversince. She always keeps herself busy doing things at home.She doesn’t want to be left doing nothing because she believes that being stagnant will make her feel weaker. Though already at 75, she’s still very energetic and productive.She also looks younger than her age.


Based on the interview that we have conducted , we have arrived with the conclusion that lifestyle, diet and attitude in life and social supports were determinants of good health in the latter years of life.When you have a good lifestyle and diet, it makes you free from diseases that may occur as you get older such as cardiovascular problems.Though not free, it may lessen the occurrence or worsening of the disease when you know how to discipline yourself.The personality of a person also has a big impact to his well being because it determines his coping mechanism on dealing with problems as well as his prospective while having a disease. Love and support from the family and friends also plays a major role in the later years of life, making the person to have increased confidence and boosted self-esteem in everything that happen in his life.It makes him feel secured knowing he has his family and friends to lean on.


Our activity here on NCM 104 made us to reflect a lot of things particularly as we get older in life.We feel afraid of continuous advance in age but we realized that it’s still in our hands as to whether how we’re going to handle our lives even after the late years. As to our interviewee, we didn’t experienced problems communicating. She’s mentally present and alert.Shes speaks clearly and her comprehension is still very good. During interview, we had put in mind that we should apply different communication techniques while talking with an elderly .Some of the techniques are as follows:

1. Allow extra time for older patients. Studies have shown that older people receive less information than younger patients do, when, in fact, they desire more information. Because of their increased need for information and their likelihood to communicate poorly, to be nervous and to lack focus, older patients are going to require additional time. Plan for it, and do not appear rushed or uninterested. Elders will sense it and shut down, making effective communication nearly impossible.

2. Avoid distractions. Elders want to feel that you have spent quality time with them and that they are important. Researchers recommend that if you give them your undivided attention in the first 60 seconds, you can “create the impression that a meaningful amount of time was spent with them.”Of course, you should aim to give patients your full attention during the entire visit. When possible, reduce the amount of visual and auditory distractions, such as other people and background noise.

3. Sit face to face. Some older patients have vision and hearing loss, and reading your lips may be crucial for them to receive the information correctly. Sitting in front of them may also reduce distractions. This simple act sends the message that what you have to say to your patients, and what they have to say to you, is important. Researchers have found that patient compliance with treatment recommendations is greater following encounters in which the physician is face to face with the patient when offering information about the illness.

4. Maintain eye contact. Eye contact is one of the most direct and powerful forms of nonverbal communication. It tells patients that you are interested in them and they can trust you. Maintaining eye contact creates a more positive, comfortable atmosphere that may result in elder’s opening up and providing additional information.

5. Listen. Good communication depends on good listening, so be conscious of whether you are really listening to what older patients are telling you.

6. Speak slowly, clearly and loudly. The rate at which an older person learns is often much slower than that of a younger person. Therefore, the rate at which you provide information can greatly affect how much your older patients can take in, learn and commit to memory. Don’t rush through your instructions to these patients. Speak clearly and loudly enough for them to hear you, but do not shout.

7. Use short, simple words and sentences. Simplifying information and speaking in a manner that can be easily understood is one of the best to ensure that your patients will follow your instructions. Do not use medical jargon or technical terms that are difficult for the layperson to understand .In addition; do not assume that they will understand even basic medical terminology. Instead, use “lay-man’s terminologies”

8. Stick to one topic at a time. Information overload can confuse the elders. Instead of providing a long, detailed explanation to a patient, try the information in outline form. This allows you to explain important information in a series of steps. For example, first talk about the heart; second, talk about blood pressure; and third, talk about treating blood pressure.

9. Simplify and write down your instructions. When giving instructions, avoid making them overly complicated or confusing. Instead, write down your instructions in a basic, easy-to-follow format. Writing is a more permanent form of communication than speaking and provides the opportunity for the patient to later review what you have said in a less stressful environment.

10. Use charts, models and pictures. Visual aids will help patients better understand their condition and treatment. Pictures can be particularly helpful since elder patients can take home a copy for future references.

11. Frequently summarize the most important points. As you discuss the most important points with your patients, ask them to repeat your instructions. If after hearing what the patient has to say you conclude that he or she did not understand your instructions, simply repeating them may work, since repetition leads to greater recall. An effective technique to try at that point is to rephrase the message, making it shorter and simpler. You may also want elderly patients to bring a family member or friend if during consultation to ensure information is understood.

12. Give patients an opportunity to ask questions and express themselves. Once you have explained the treatment and provided all the necessary information, give your patients ample opportunity to ask questions. This will allow them to express any apprehensions they might

have, and through their questions you will be able to determine whether they completely understand the information and instructions you have given.

Interviewers:

Torres, Gizelle Anne T.Zaide, Vanessa G.


Rollorata, Nicole Marie M.


Torres, Gizelle Anne T.Zaide, Vanessa G.

Name of Elderly: Mr. Rudy Sanico Age: 79Name of Interviewers: Mae Ann P. Perez

Laiza B. San Andres


Elderly (E): Mr. Rudy Sanico SR.Interviewer (Inter-1): San Andres, Laiza B.Interviewer Physical Assessment (Inter-2): Perez, Mae Ann

Inter-1: Goodevening po tatay ako po si Laiza ang mag iinterview sainyo ngayon. Bago po ang lahat gusto ko po malaman buong pangalan niyo po.

E: Rudy Sanico Sr.

Inter-1: Rudy Sanico Sr. po. Ok, so Tatay Rudy ilang taon na po ba kayo?

E: 79

Inter-1: 79… Ok so, hindi na po ako magpapaligoy-ligoy pa total gabi na rin po at kailangan niyo ng magpahinga... Tatay maaari niyo po bang isa-isahin (i-enumerate) kung sinu-sino po ang mga anak niyo simula po sa panganay (una) hanggang sa bunso (pinakahuli).

E: (Inisa-isa… at nakumpirma naming tama ang pagkakasunod-sunod niya sa mga pangalan ng kanyang mga anak kahit matagal ito mag-isip).

Inter-1: Ok po tatay, bale siyam (9) po pala ang anak ninyo. Ngayon naman po gusto ko malaman kung ano po ang naging problema niyo pagdating sainyo pong kalusugan, kung meron man po.

E: Ah... bale nagsakit ako sa bato. Naoperahan ako sa bato (ipinakita ang marka ng operasyon). Nung una inoperahan ako… tapos ‘di nagtagal nakita na may bato pa rin sa kidney ko ( ipinakita sa pamamagitan ng daliri sa kamay kung gaano kalaki ang bato at ang haba nito. Nakadikit daw ang bato sa balat ng kanyang kidney). Kaya ni-laser ako, tapos ayon sa katagalan na din hanggang ngayon wala nang bato.

Inter-1: Naoperahan po pala kayo, pero base sa marka ng operasyon lumalabas na matagal na iyon kaya medyo hilom na ang marka. Pawala na kumbaga. Ngayon tatay gusto ko naman pong magtanong patungkol sa mga aktibidades niyo po ngayon lalo pa nagkaka-edad na po tayo, ano po ba mga pinagkakaablahan ninyo sa ngayon? Nag eehersisyo po ba kayo sa umaga. Naglalakad-lakad at gaano naman po katagal?

E: Oo, lakad-lakad lang exercise na din yon. Medyo matagal din.

Inter-1: Ganon po ba, ipagpatuloy niyo lang po tatay dahil mainam po iyon sa inyong kalusugan kahit po papaano. Ngayon naman po gusto ko po malaman kung ano po yung diet o mga pagkaing hilig niyo nung kabataan niyo po?

E: Ay. Puro ako gulay tsaka… isda.

Inter-1: Ah... gulay tsaka isda. Tatay, ano po gusto niyo sa gulay at isda dati. Prito po ba o gata o may sabaw?

E: Kahit ano basta nakakain Inter-1: Ok po, kahit ano basta nakakain. Kung gayon dumako naman po tayo sa mga bagay na nakapagbibigay aliw o libang sainyo lolo. Ano-anu po ba ang mga bagay na iyon?

E: Nanunuod ako ng TV, Radyo. Ayon lang.

Inter-1: TV,Radyo... meron pa po bang iba?

E: Wala na.

Inter-1: Wala na po? Tatay sa pagkain niyo po pala noon at ngayon ano po ang pagkakaiba? Meron po ba?

E: Noon puro gulay at isda ngayon puro isda na lang.

Inter-1: Kung ganon po, napaguusapan na rin natin ang mga pagkain na hilig niyong kainin, gusto ko na rin po malaman kung may history po ba kayo sa pamilya ng may Diabetes, Highblood, TB, Asthma at iba pa pong sakit kung meron man. Puro isda po? Maayos naman po iyon. Atleast masustansya pa rin po ano po. Kumain din po sana tayo ng gulay.Tatay, simula po ba noon hanggang ngayon may bisyo rin ba kayo?

E: WALA. Pero ito (itinuro ang asawa na natutulog na sa sahig) kumpleto ng sakit yan (nakangiti). Noon meron, paninigarilyo tsaka pag-inom ng alak. Pero noon yun nung hindi pa kame nito ( itinuro ang asawa na natutulog ng kasalukuyan na iyon). Talagang grabe ako magsigarilyo dati. Pero inom medyo lang pero itinigil ko din kasi may nararamdaman na naman ako sa katawan ko kaya nag pacheck-up ako tapos sinabe ng doctor ko kasi pinsan ko yung doctor ko sabi niya magpahinga daw ako sa mga bisyo ko para hindi lumala nararamdaman ko. Kaya niresetahan

niya ako ng pagkain. Dapat daw WALANG ASIN. Kaya lahat ng pagkain ko nun WALANG LASA. Hindi ko din natiis, parang lalo akong magkakasakit. Pero simula noon natigil na bisyo ko.


Mae Ann: Good evening Tatay, ako nga po pala si Mae Ann at taga Perpetual po ako. Ang gagawin ko po sa inyo ay Physical Assessment.

Lolo: O sige

Hair

As you can see, ang buhok ni tatay ay kulay puti at maninipis na, hindi katulad ng dati na mabilis lumago at makapal pa ang kanyang buhok at ganun rin sa kanyang mga kilay.

Skin

Ang balat ni tatay ay dry at may mga kulobot na o wrinkles sa bawat bahagi ng kanyang balat. At makikita rin natin agad ang mga liver spots na tinatawag sa balat ni tatay tulad sa kanyang mukha at mga kamay. Makikita din natin na nawala na ang elasticity ng kanyang balat sa pamamagitan ng pagpisil t marahan na paghila sa kanyang balat. Kaya makikita mo ang mga it okay tatay ay dahil sa unti-unti nang nawawal ang kanyang subcutaneous fat o tissue.

Makikita din natin na ang mga kuko ni tatay ay makapal na at kulay dilaw ang kanyang mga kuko at ang sabi niya ay mabagal na rin ang paghaba ng kanyang kuko.

Eyes

Tiananong ko si tatay kung Malabo na ba ang kanyang paningin at tinuro ko sa kanya kung nakikita niya kung ano ang nasa labas ng pintuan nila at tama naman ang kanyang sagot at sinabi niya na hindi naman gaano kalabo ang kanyang mga mata at nakakakita pa daw siya ng malinaw sa100 meters away. At pinakita ko din sa kanya ang hawak kong papel na may maliliit na letra at sinabi niyang nababasa pa niya ang mga ito.

Ears

Tinanong ko si tatay kung malakas pa rin ang kanyang pandinig at sinagot niya ako na malakalakas pa rin ang pandinig ko.

Balance

Pinakiusapan ko si tatay na tumayo at paglalakarin ko lang siya saglit upang masuri ko ang kanyang balanced and coordination. Kaya pa ni tatay na makatayo mag-isa at

makalakad, nababalansr pa rin niya ng tama ang kanyang katawan ngunit mapapansin din na mabagal ang pagkilos o paggalaw ng kanyang katawan.



Many factors combine together to affect the health of individuals and communities. Whether people are healthy or not, is determined by their circumstances and environment. To a large extent, factors such as where we live, the state of our environment, genetics, our income and education level, and our relationships with our family all have considerable impacts on health, whereas the more commonly considered factors such as access and use of health care services often have less of an impact. Income and social status - higher income and social status are linked to better health.

The greater the gap; the greater the differences in health. Education – low education levels are linked with poor health, more stress and lower

self-confidence. Physical environment – safe water and clean air, healthy workplaces, safe houses,

communities and roads all contribute to good health. Employment and working conditions – people in employment are healthier, particularly those who have more control over their working conditions

Social support networks – greater support from families, friends and communities is linked to better health. Culture - customs and traditions, and the beliefs of the family and community all affect health.

Genetics - inheritance plays a part in determining lifespan, healthiness and the likelihood of developing certain illnesses. Personal behavior and coping skills – balanced eating, keeping active, smoking, drinking, and how we deal with life’s stresses and challenges all affect health.

Health services - access and use of services that prevent and treat disease influences health

Gender - Men and women suffer from different types of diseases at different ages.


In our case as an interviewer to 79 years of age man experienced difficulty of communicating to some extent but not totally. Because Mr. Sanico (interviewee) was very cooperative, he just told all his stories in life and answered our questions without

hesitation. He even proved that he isn’t deaf or unable to walk. He’s still capable of cracking jokes and lives on his life as it used to be. Most people do not think about the way they communicate on a day-to-day basis and are often unaware of how they relate to others, and yet communication is essential to our development as social beings. It is the ability to communicate, to relate to others, that enables the development of short-and long-term relationships. However, good communication is not easy--it involves a great deal of skill. These skills are not innate: we are not born with a blueprint for communication, but we learn how to do it as we grow and develop. We are dependent on learning from others, observing the way in which they interact with people in different situations and the responses they elicit, being given the opportunity to experience different social settings and taking note of the responses we receive to our own attempts at communicating. We rarely stop to consider the possible complexities of our conversations with other people or the rules that may govern our interactions with them. It is often only at those times when we find ourselves in conflict with others that we might stop and reflect on the effects and intentions of our words or actions. Life experiences and culture we constantly adjust or adapt our communications to the circumstances or the situations in which we find ourselves. The subsequent success or failure of our communications, and the level of comfort or discomfort in a given situation, will depend on our previous experiences. Our own personal histories, past events and personality, and the social roles that are a significant part of our day-to-day existence, will greatly influence the way we react to, and communicate with, other people. It is important to remember that we do not all share the same experiences, background or knowledge. Cultural values and beliefs, which change and adapt over time and with each new generation, influence the way we view or stereotype individuals and groups. The stereotyped social roles that we ascribe to individuals often have an impact on the way we respond to them. The attribution of a set of characteristics, positive and negative, to a group of people relating to race, ethnic group, social class, age and health status, can lead to us being dismissive of the individuality of those people. Most of us, if we are honest, make judgments about, and have personal biases regarding, other people based on our past learning, only some of which we are aware of the negative stereotyping of older people as frail, physically inadequate and mentally incompetent may mean that they are spoken to inappropriately communications with older people may result in them becoming passive recipients of care.

A simple remark from a care worker can be detrimental to older people's self-worth and possibly render them susceptible to learned weakness. For example, an older man who is in hospital after a stroke is attempting to fasten his shirt buttons. He is fraught and not quite managing to match button and buttonhole, but he is not upset by his efforts. A well-meaning nurse, anxious for him to have breakfast, intervenes and says:

`Let me do that for you'. The patient replies: `I can do it’ and the nurse responds: `You will be late for your breakfast'. The patient gives up and lets the nurse fasten his shirt. That is why during nurse patient interaction especially in elder people, the nurse should always have empathy to her patient and still respect patient’s rights in accordance to the law, rules and regulations of the agency that she’s working at.

Interviewers:

San Andres, Laiza B.


San Andres, Laiza B.


Perez, Mae Ann P.

Name of Elderly: Mrs. Anicia Baseco Age: 65Name of Interviewers: Jeremy Harry B. Melaño

Ariane Q. Sanico


Ariane: Ahm tatanong ko lang po kung ano po yung buong pangalan nyo po?

Nanay Anicia: Anicia Baseco.

Ariane: Ilang taon na po?

Nanay: 65.

Ariane: Ilan po yung sa lahat lahat ang anak nyo po?

Nanay: Mga ano?

Kandysse: Mga anak po.

Nanay: Ang anak ko apat, patay yung isa. 3 ang buhay.

Ariane: Lahat po ba sila kasama nyo po dito or yung lang..?

Nanay: Hindi, Yung lang aking bunso.

Ariane: Ahh yung bunso po. May mga sakit po ba kayo?

Nanay: Meron, Diabetic ako.

Ariane: Ano naman daw pong type?

Nanay: Type B ata o type A, hindi ko alam.

Kandysse: Highblood po?

Nanay: Wala.

Kandysse: Ay hindi naman po. Nirarayuma po?

Nanay: Meron.

Kandysse: Ah meron po.

Ariane: Madalas po kayong atakihin?

Nanay: Hindi ko na lang iniinda. Madalas pero binabalewala ko na lang.

Ariane: Nageexercise na lang po kayo?

Nanay: Ahh wala tamad ako, ang exercise ko iyang pagmamahjong.

Kandysse: Wala po kayo maintenance sa Diabetes?

Nanay: Meron.

Kandysse: Ano po? Insulin inject po?

Nanay: Meron. Insulin tska ahh umaga gabi. Pagkatapos nagaano rin ako nagtatabletas, Metformin.

Ariane: Bale araw-araw po kayo nagmamahjong or hindi naman?

Nanay: Araw-araw, oo.

Ariane: Bale yun na lang po yung nagiging exercise ninyo?

Nanay: Exercise? Oo.

Ariane: Pero naglalakad lakad naman po kayo?

Nanay: Ako?

Ariane: Opo.

Nanay: Dito paikot ikot ako.

Harry: Nagwawalis walis po ba kayo?

Nanay: At saka, hirap na ko maglakad kasi nga naaano yung paa ko, madali akong madapa.

Kandysse: Naglalaba po kayo?

Nanay: Hindi.

Kandysse: Nagluluto po?

Nanay. Nagluluto.

Kandysse: Naglilinis po ng bahay?

Nanay: Hindi.

Kandysse: Ah hindi po. Mga anong oras po kayo magstart maglaro?

Nanay: Mga after lunch.

Kandysse: Ahh after lunch po. Usually po, mga anong oras po kayo natutulog?

Nanay: Ano-no?

Kandysse: Natutulog po usually po?

Nanay: Ahh mga 10 to 11.

Kandysse: Ahh 10 to 11 po. Gumigising po anong oras?

Nanay: 5.

Kandysse: 5 po. Ano po yung tulog nyo po from 11 to 5, continuous po o hindi?

Nanay: Hindi.

Kandysse: Ahh hindi po kayo nagigising gising?

Nanay: Hindi, pag nakatulog na.

Kandysse: Madalas po ba kayong maihi ngayon?

Nanay: Mga dalawang beses bago at pag alas singko.

Kandysse: Ahh dalawang beses po.

Ariane: Ano po yung usual na diet nyo po nay? Mahilig po ba kayo sa karne, sa gulay?

Nanay: Sa karne.

Ariane: Karne po?

Nanay: Lamang ako sa karne, mahilig ako sa baboy.

Kandysse: Bale nakadiabetic diet po kayo?

Nanay: Wala.

Kandysse: Ahh hindi po kayo pinagdadiet?

Nanay: Hindi ako nagdadiet eh.

Kandysse: Pero po diba po nagpakonsulta po kayo?

Nanay: Oo, pero mamamayat ako eh. Manghihina ako.

Kandysse: Kumakain po kayo ng matamis?

Nanay: oo.

Ariane: pero kaunti lang po or …?

Nanay: Konti konti lang basta’t makatikim lang.

Kandysse: Bale ano po, mahjong lang po ba talaga yung form of relaxation nyo or may iba pa po?

Nanay: Wala na, iyan lang.

Kandysse: Hindi po ba kayo nagmomalling ganun?

Nanay: Hindi. Hindi nga ako makalakad madali ako madapa. Kaya dito na lang ako sa bahay.

Kandysse: Hindi po kayo nakikipagbonding sa mga apo? Wala po bang nadating na apo dito?

Nanay: Aba eto. Andito lahat ng apo ko.

Ariane: Ahh kasama nyo po lahat?

Nanay: Hindi naman.

Ariane: Karamihan po?

Nanay: Kasi may bahay sila dito sa malapit. Umaga hanggang gabi ayan kasama ko.

Kandysse: Bale yung diet nyo po ba ngayon, kaparehas din po ng diet nyo po nung kabataan nyo po? Or mas may restrictions po ngayon?

Nanay: Hindi, ngayong matanda na ko pakonti konti na lang, nung araw malakas ako kumain maraming kanin ngayon, pagdating sa kanin kaunti lang. Di gaanong marami kasi di na rin kaya.

Kandysse: Eh yung mga taba taba po marami pa rin po?

Nanay: Ay oo, malakas pa rin sa mga sicharon, ganun. Kung anong kinakain nila …

Kandysse: Parehas lang po?

Nanay: Oo, inggitera ako pag nagsosoft drinks, soft drinks din ako.

Kandysse: Maalat po mahilig din?

Nanay: Mahilig din.

Kandysse: Sa matatamis?

Nanay: Mahilig din. Kahit ano.

Kandysse: Kahit po diabetic?

Nanay: Kahit diabetic.

Kandysse: Sige po. Ahm nung panahon na umeedad na po kayo, ano pong kadalasan, yung mga pinakapagbabagong nararamdaman nyo po sa inyong katawan? Halimbawa po sa mata..

Nanay: Ahh madali akong mapagod.

Kandysse: Ah madali na po kayong mapagod ngayon. Yung mata po ninyo malinaw pa po ba o kailangan pa po nga salamin?

Nanay: Hindi, may maintenance ako sa mata.

Kandysse: Ano po yung ano nyo?

Nanay:Ahh Doczium.

Kandysse: Hmm .. Yung pandinig po, maayos pa rin o medyo humihina na?

Nanay: Ayos pa rin, ayos.

Kandysse: Ayos naman po. Ahm, nagpapakulay po kayo ng buhok ano po?

Nanay: Oo nagpapakulay ako.

Kandysse: Pero maputi na po no?

Nanay: Ahh maputi na talaga.

Kandysse: Ah may puti puti na po. Nung pong kabataan nyo, diba po ngayon ang way of relaxation nyo po is mahjong, nung pong kabataan nyo, ano pong ginagawa ninyo para marelieve po yung stress. Halimbawa nagshashopping, kumakain.

Nanay: Nung buhay yung mister ko.

Kandysse: Ano po?

Nanay: Ah lagi kaming namamasyal.

Kandysse: Ah namamasyal po.

Nanay: Oo kung saan saan kami nakakarating.

Kandysse: Bale po ano pong work nyo po before?

Nanay: Hmmm. Dati nagtatrabaho ako? Nung bata?

Kandysse: Opo.

Nanay: Nung may asawa na ko nun.

Kandysse: Opo.

Nanay: Ano, nagtatrabaho ako sa munisipyo at saka diyan sa bangko.

Kandysse: Ano pong age po kayo nagstop magwork?

Nanay: Nagtrabaho ako, 18 years old hanggang 23.

Kandysse: Tapos po?

Nanay: Tumigil na ako. Nagfulltime housewife na ko.

Kandysse: Ah full time housewife po, tagaluto po ganun, tagalinis?

Nanay: Hindi naman, hindi ko naging papel yun kasi mahina talaga ako simula’t sapul. Talagang ang gusto lang ng katawan ko ay magmahjong

Kandysse: Since when pa po ba kayo magstart magmahjong?

Nanay: Siguro mga 19…78. Yung asawa ko 71.

Kandysse: Hindi naman po kayo nagiging makakalimutin?

Nanay: Hindi naman.

Kandysse: Ah hindi pa naman po. Bale madalas po ba kayo maihi ngayon?

Nanay: Depende sa ininom.

Kandysse: Bale yun lang po, maraming salamat po sa time po na nilaan nyo po para samin. Thank you po.

Nanay: Oh sige. Wala na, wala nang itatanong?

Kandysse: Wala na po.

Nanay: Oh sige.


K. Senses Visual - Auditory - Tactile – Gustatory - Olfactory -

L. Integumentary ..

M. Musculoskeletal ...

N. Body Position Gait - Built -

O. Cardiovascular ..

P. Respiratory ..

Q. Gastrointestinal ..

R. Genito-urinary ..

S. Immune System ..

T. Neurologic ..




Interviewers :

Sanico, Ariane Q.


Melaño, Jeremy Harry B.


Sanico, Ariane Q.

GERIA

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Transcript of GERIA