Gérald Ollivier World Bank May 2003
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Transcript of Gérald Ollivier World Bank May 2003
Gérald OllivierWorld Bank
May 2003
Trade and Transport Facilitation: From Diagnostic to Implementation
Our CIS7+2 and Southeast Europe Experience
Removing trade barriers
to international
transport
Reducing long waiting times at borders and
during clearance
Reforming customs and other border agencies by introducing modern MIS, new procedures
and new Human Resource Management, better inter-agency and
cross-border cooperation
Increasing availability of high quality training in logistics, transport, customs
brokerage, telecom and IT
Transport & Telecom reforms:
De-monopolization,Deregulation, Privatization
What is Trade and Transport Facilitation?
Why TTF matters?
Economic growth through SMEs Trade and TTF : growth drivers
In 90s less globalized GDP –1%; more globalized +5% 70% in variation in per capita income explained by
market proximity (Redding/Venable)
Frequently Customs tariffs < transport cost Logistics drive firm/country competitiveness Need for integrated transport infrastructure and
services, in cooperation with border agencies to deliver predictably (day cost 0.8% of value)
Diagnostic Tools
Diagnostic Tools and Recommendations for actions UNECE/UNCTAD Recommendations Trade and Transport Facilitation Toolkit (GFP) WCO Diagnostic Study Process Customs Reform (WCO, World Bank Handbook..) ICC Customs Guidelines, Explanatory Notes, Integrity
toolkit Performance Measurements (TTFSE, WCO, ICC)
-> A multi-disciplinary/cross border approach is needed
TTF Issues in CIS 7+2
9 Countries/similar TTF constraints Distant markets/few commodities High transport costs (up to 50% of goods value)
Small fragmented transport market (not in KZ and TK) Mostly landlocked countries Insufficient market access rights Under-developed logistics/multi-modal transport
Significant informal costs Frequent facilitation payments (up to 50% of transport
cost) Unclear and changing requirements/procedures
-> About $1 billion of potential savings (UN)
0500
100015002000250030003500400045005000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Cumulative time in days
Cum
ulat
ive
cost
in U
SD
Pre
par
atio
n
Inla
nd
tra
nsp
ort
Container ship from Poti to N. Europe
Poti Port and Customs
Inla
nd
tra
nsp
ort
Port 2
Recommended Actions
Prepare National TTF Reform Plan TIR for transit/remove escort of regular cargo Exchange transit/market access rights for transport Harmonize transit fees Harmonize/simplify border procedures (rail/road) Measure performance Strengthen public private dialogue (PRO
Committees/TRACECA TF WG) Publish under a common platform rules/procedures Participate in ECMT multilateral road quota system
(CAR) Share widely this Plan to secure support
(nationally/regionally/donors/public/private)
Diagnostic Lessons
Duplication riskCreating an open coordination platform (potentially through new GFP website)
Wide range of issues mixing local and international experts
Identification of key driving forces (public/private)
Partial data availability Relatively, the easiest part of the TTF process
Caucasus : Formulating Action Plan
Preparation of three policy notes (action plan) Inclusion of these plans into broader WB
products (Trade Diagnostic Studies with comprehensive action plans, SAC)
Proposed Georgian Transit Strategy Active cooperation with other players
(TRACECA..) Performance measurements Creation of Public-Private Committees
Action Plan Formulation: Lessons
Need for coordination to avoid contradictory priorities (national/regional/donors)
Sustained dialogue (workshops/meeting) to tailor solutions to local evolving realities
Building up public-private dialogue takes time and local presence/momentum (TRACECA)
Eager private sector : the need for TTF is there While formulating an implementation plan is
complex, implementation is the difficult part
TTFSE: Implementation Example
Trade and Transport Facilitation in Southeast Europe Vision and political commitment (EU) Massive external support/good coordination 8 countries, US$123 million (TA, IT, Civil works) Measuring results: Manual and database Focused approach: pilot sites Increased transparency (www.ttfse.org) Local/international Training (www.gfp-dli.org) Active PRO Committees involvement Peer pressure (Regional Steering Committee)
Implementation Issues
Resistance to introduce selectivityLack of interagency cooperationExcessive turnover in key staffNeed for comprehensive approach to
corruptionMultisectoral approach a must-> Yet significant results achieved over
two years
Bulgaria, Plovdiv Clearance Times
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Oct
00
Nov 0
0
Jan 0
1
Feb 0
1
Mar
01
Apr
01
May 0
1
Jun 0
1
Jul 01
Aug 0
1
Sep 0
1
Oct
01
Nov 0
1
Dec 0
1
Jan 0
2
Feb 0
2
Mar
02
Apr
02
May 0
2
Jun 0
2
Jul 02
min
ute
s
Clearance actual time (minutes)Target timeLinear (Clearance actual time (minutes))
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA FED. - GRUDE CLEARANCE TIMES
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
May 0
1
Jun 0
1
Jul 01
Sep 0
1
Feb 0
2
Mar
02
Apr
02
May 0
2
Jun 0
2
Jul 02
Aug 0
2
Sep 0
2
min
ute
s
Clearance actual time Target timeLinear (Clearance actual time )
Bulgaria, Rousse Entry Time
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
min
ute
s
Actual Target Linear (Actual)
CROATIA, JANKOMIR CLEARANCE TIMES
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
Ja
n 0
1
Ma
r 0
1
Ju
n 0
1
Se
p 0
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No
v 0
1
Ja
n 0
2
Ma
r 0
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Ma
y 0
2
Ju
l 0
2
Se
p 0
2
min
ute
s
Clearance actual time (minutes)
Target time
Linear (Clearance actual time (minutes))
Country Pilot site WT 2001 WT 2002 Reduction (%)
Final target
Albania Tirana 4.5 hours
1.7 hours
62% 1 hour
Bulgaria Plovdiv 3.7 hours
1.5 hours
60% < 1 hour
Croatia Jankomir 5.3 hours
3.0 hours
43% < 1 hour
Croatia Stara Gradiska
3.3 hours
0.4 hour 88% < 1 hour
Romania Bacau 3.0 hours
1.4 hours
53% 1 hour
Romania Constanta 4.3 hours
3.0 hours
31% 2 hours
Average: 4.0 hours
1.8 hours
Conclusions
Political commitment essentialCoordination around a clear action planUse of existing toolsFocus on manageable, progressive
solutionsGet private sector involvedCooperate globally on training (
www.gfp-dli.org )
Thank You !
Gérald Ollivier ([email protected])
Resources GFP: http://wbln0018.worldbank.org/twu/gfp.nsfComplete TTFSE progress report available at
www.seerecon.org/ttfseDistance learning: www.gfp-dli.org Europe and Central Asia Transport In the
WB (CIS 7+2 report):http://www.worldbank.org/ECA/Transport