Geothermal Potential in Europe...as seen by us in Enex,

by:Lárus Elíasson, CEO....

Enex• Owned by GGE and REI• Active in:

– Germany, Wolfratshausen/Munchen

– Hungary

– Slovakia

– ...

– USALos Angeles

– ChinaBeijing

Geothermal is:

• Stable

• Secure

• Base load

• Infrastructure

• Economical size of source is depend on the energy price

Geothermal can serve:• 1,2% of EU-27 total

energy consumption

• 1% from EU-27 power consumption

• 1,5% of EU/EEA-33 total energy consumption

• 2,7% of EU/EEA-33 power consumption

Depending on energy prices

• Energy cost related to Gas and Oil

• Oil currently $100/barrel crude

• Higher energy prices will stimulate both direct use and power generation

• Relationship likely power of 2

Direct use

• Critical factor is distance from user to source

• Geothermal as base load, peak with fossil or biomass

• Very stable and secure once installed

• Banelogy and other uses also considered but mainly district heating

Renewable rank:

• Hydro large scale• Wind onshore• Wind offshore• Biomass• (Hydro)Geothermal• Biogas• Biowaste• Small scale hydro• Solar• Tidal etc.

Most impactMWel

• Iceland 3.000

• Italy 1.000

• Turkey 740

• Greece 450

• Hungary 380

• Germany 200

• Portugal 200

• Portugal 200

• Bulgaria 200

Most impactTWh

• Germany 40• Poland 35• Iceland 25• Turkey 25• Slovakia 15• Hungary 15• Austria 8• Rumania 8• Netherlands 8

afr• asdgf

Most impact % of total energy

• Iceland >50%• Hungary 10%• Slovakia 7%• Rumania 6%• Poland 5%• Bulgaria 5%• Turkey 5%• Slovenia 4%• Greece 3%• Austria 3%• Germany 2%

asfd• asd well

Data• From various published

sources plus our own research

• These are preliminary results

• Our study to be published this summer most likely at the EGC 2008 conference

Assumptions• Only hydrothermal

included • Hot dry rock or

enhanced geothermic utilization not included.

• Heat pumps not included

THANK YOU!