GEOTHERMAL IN INDONESIA (OVER VIEW)
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
GEOTHERMAL IN INDONESIA (OVER VIEW)
Jogjakarta , Mei 2013
Sigit Rahardjo
Operation DirectorPT PERTAMINA GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
CHARACTERISTIC OF GEOTHERMAL BUSINESS
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY3
INDONESIA HAS THE HIGHEST POTENTIAL FOR GEOTHERMAL ENERGY IN THE WORLD
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11
1
2
3
1
1 • 5
Mexico
• 113
• 5
Philippines
• 4
• 4
Others1
Iceland
New Zealand1• 3
• 6
Total 102
• 6
• 18
Japan
• 6
1 • 19
U.S.
• 20
• 20
Indonesia
• 20
• 27
• 23
• 28
Conventional geothermal 2010 capacity and total potential capacity GW
Resource Utilization%
4
13
3
10
33
20
10
16
10
• In spite of its world’s largest potential of geothermal resource, the utilization only remains 4%
• Geothermal resource in Indonesia is also high temperature resource which enable more economical geothermal development project
• Installed
• Potential
SOURCE: GEA; DOE; EER; World Geothermal Congress; Energy Information Administration (EIA); interviews
1 Includes mostly South/South-East Asia and Africa
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY4
INDONESIA’S WORLD LEADING GEOTHERMAL PROSPECT
MAGMA
Semarang
Medan
Tanjung Karang
Bandung
Manado
Speculative : 27.141 MWProbable : 10.253 MW
Bali & NTTBali & NTTSpeculativeSpeculative : : 1.676
MWeMWeProbable * Probable * : : 871 MWe MWe
JaJavavaSpeculativeSpeculative : : 9.471
MWeMWeProbable * Probable * : : 3.086
MWeMWe
SumateraSumateraSpeculativeSpeculative : : 13.258
MWeMWeProbable * Probable * : : 5.433
MWeMWe
SulawesiSulawesiSpeculativeSpeculative : : 1.907
MWeMWeProbable * Probable * : : 721
MWeMWe
Geothermal location
MalukuMalukuSpeculativeSpeculative : : 734
MWeMWeProbable * Probable * : : 142
MWeMWe
BorneoBorneoSpeculativeSpeculative : : 45
MWeMWeProbable * Probable * : : - MWeMWe
PapuaPapuaSpeculativeSpeculative : : 50 MWe MWeProbable * Probable * : : - - MWeMWe
Current Installed Capacity : 1,337 MW
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
(GSDM, 2010, Update Jan 2013)
Current Condition
2006
852 MW(Production)
2008 2012 2016 2020
2000 MW
3442 MW
5171 MW
7788 MW
12332 MW(Target baru )
1148 MWExisting WKP
1442 MWExisting WKP
3977 MWExisting WKP + New WKP
2617 MWNew WKP
4544 MWNew WKP
2025
1.337 MW
2014
Plus The second 10,000 MW fast track program
5171 MW
Ministry decree MEMRNo. 15/2010
4600 MW * 9500 MW *
*) Road Map 2007
(Based on President Decree No. 5/2006 on National Energy Policy; Modified by MEMR.REG. No. 15/2010)
GEOTHERMAL ROAD MAPGEOTHERMAL ROAD MAP
Under the second 10,000 MW fast-track plan, 34% of energy development come from geothermal energy.
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY6
PERTAMINA AIMS TO BE A LEADER IN GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT
0.4
1.2
1.2
0.5
0.4
1.2
New Zealand 0.70.3
Iceland 0.60.1
Mexico 0
Philippines 2.00.8
Indonesia 1.30.9
SOE 1 PrivateShare of SOE%
23
61
100
84
54
State-owned Enterprise energy companies developed more than 50% of geothermal energy in respective markets
• SOURCE: company websites
Geothermal development by operator type
CapacityGW
1 State Owned Enterprise
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY7
PGE’s WORKING AREATOTAL PGE’S INSTALLED CAPACITY: 402 MW
3
54
67
910
12
13
811
1
2
Ref. Ministerial Decree MEMR No 2067K/30/MEM/2012
1. Sibayak-Sinabung
2. Sibual-buali3. Sungai Penuh4. Hululais5. Lumut Balai &
Margabayur
6. Gunung Waypanas7. Cibeureum Parabakti8. Pangalengan9. Kamojang/Drajat10. Karaha Cakrabuana
11. Gn. Iyang Argopuro 12. Tabanan13. Kotamobago14. Lahendong
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY8
GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT
TEC
HN
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L A
SPEC
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R, O
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AL,
M
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TEN
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LAW
, REG
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ERM
IT
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SIN
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ECO
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IMPL
EMEN
TATI
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GEM
ENT,
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SMEN
T,EN
V M
GT
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY DEVELOPMENT POLICY(PRES DECREE No. 5 / 2006; GOV’T REGULATION No. 3/2005 – No. 70/2010 : PERMEN ESDM. No. 5 / 2009; No. 2/2011;
PERPRES No. 4/2010 : PERPRES No. 10/2011)
1000 MW :42.250 BOEPD
6.1 JT TON CER”S/YEAR
TO SUPPORT ACCELERATION OF GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT
IN LINE WITH 10,000 MW POLICY STAGE II – EBTKE’S VISION 25/25 (5 % ENERGY MIX / 12.332 MW -
2025)
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY9
IDEAL GEOTHERMAL BUSINESS PROCESS IN INDONESIA
INVENTORY WKP
EXPLORATION
EXPLOITATION
EPC
FEED
COD US$
• AMDAL / UKL / UPL (EIA/Environment Management Effort/Environment Monitoring Effort)
• Location Permit• Permit of Land usage for
Exploration Activities – Forestry Minister
• SIPPA (Surface Water Usage Permit)
• IMB (Construction Permit)
HEAD OF AGREEMENT PRICE AND CONTRACT NEGOTIATION
Notice Of Resorces Confirmation Notice Of Intend to Develop
• AMDAL (EIA)• Location Permit• Land Usage Permit• SIPPA (Surface Water Usage
Permit)• IMB (Construction Permit)
2 Years 3 Years
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY10
Pertamina aspires to achieve by 2015
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2,5052,4452,2952,0901,508
823610
•2018•17•16•15•14•13•2012
•Steam Availability
•Oil equivalent
•MW
12211911210273
4030
•2018•2017•2016•2015•2014•2013•2012
•K Boepd
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
KEY BARRIERS TO GEOTHERMAL DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA
Uncertain economics
Uncertain environ-ment
High upfront capital requirement
Uncertainty on pricing
Regulatory uncertainty
Other risks
Description• Higher capital expenditure compared with other power
generation technologies• Cost of USD 35-50 Mn for preliminary studies including
exploration wells to prove the reserves without any external financing
• Development and exploration costs are solely borne by geothermal company and are not reimbursed by government unlike the practice in oil & gas industry
• Implementation of MEMR Decree on Feed In Tariff requires further negotiation with PLN as a single buyer
• Most of the geothermal reserves are located in protected forests and geothermal activities are not allowed to carry out in forest conservation areas
• Overlapping jurisdictions increases lead time and complexity as local authorities often block the projects approved by the central government
• Tariff agreement with PLN often comes back for the renegotiation, hence no guarantee on the price
• PLN off take is not guaranteed by government
All these together mean that under the current environment, geothermal development projects are potentially high risk, especially for smaller operators
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
PGE PRODUCTION FIELD - OWN OPERATION
KAMOJANG GEOTHERMAL FIELDS SIBAYAK GEOTHERMAL FIELD
LAHENDONG GEOTHERMAL FIELDS
POWER PLANT UNIT-1
POWER PLANT UNIT – 4 ( 60 MW )POWER PLANT UNIT – 4 ( 60 MW ) POWER PLANT UNIT 1,2 & 3 POWER PLANT UNIT 1,2 & 3 (30; 2 x 55 MW)(30; 2 x 55 MW)
PRODUCTION CLUSTER UNIT-2
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POWER PLANT POWER PLANT UNIT-4UNIT-4
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
WAYANG-WINDU GEOTHERMAL FIELDS (JOC-STAR ENERGY)PLTP 1x110 MW & 1x117 MW
DARAJAT GEOTHERMAL FIELD (JOC-CHEVRON)PLTP 1x55 MW, 1x95 MW & 1x121 MW
PGE GEOTHERMAL FIELDS UNDER JOC SCHEME
SALAK GEOTHERMAL FIELD (JOC-CHEVRON)PLTP 3x60 MW & 3x65 MW
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
PGE’S GEOTHERMAL ONGOING PROJECTS
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY15
UPCOMING GREENFIELDS DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Name of Prospect Area Ins. Capacity (MW)
Sumatera Island
1 WKP Sungai Penuh1. Semurup 40
2 WKP Hululais – Tambang Sawah1.Tambang Sawah2.Bukit Daun
70110
3 WKP Lumut Balai1. Margabayur 75
4 WKP Ulubelu – Way Panas1. Way Panas 120
Java Island
5 WKP Kamojang1.G. Masigit Guntur2.Ciharus
5030
6 WKP Iyang Argopuro1. Iyang Argopuro 55
Sulawesi Island
7 WKP Kotamobago1. Kotamobago
60
MAGMASemarang
Medan
Tanjung Karang
Bandung
Manado
Way Panas
Kotamobagu
Tambang Sawah Bukit Daun
Margabayur
Ciharus
Iyang Argopuro
Masigit-Guntur
Sumurup
Sinabung
Key Indicators:•New Geothermal Power Generation Capacity : ± 610 MW•Additional Power Generation (kWh per year) : ± 4800 million•Avoided CO2 : ± 4,5 million tonnes per Year
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GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
Bekerja dan ibadah adalah energi kami
Semoga semua upaya menghasilkan manfaat
Insya Allah!
THANK YOU
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