Geothermal Activities in Greece

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GEOTHERMAL ACTIVITIESIN GREECE

Dr. Apostolos

Arvanitis

Division of Geothermal Energy and Thermal Mineral Waters,Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration (I.G. Μ .Ε .),

1, Sp. Louis st., Entrance C, Olympic Village, 13677, Acharnae, Attica, GREECE

4 - 8 April 2011, Hannover, Germany

International

Trade FairEnergy 2011

Renewable Energy Industry and Export ForumRenewable Energy Industry and Export Forum



Geothermal exploration in Greece

began in the early 1970s byI.G.M.E.

Greece is rich in geothermalenergy resources.

The Hellenic area is characterizedby high levels of heat flow(> 80 mW/m 2), mainly in thesedimentary basins of

Northeastern Greece and theAegean Sea, due to the activetectonics and the volcanic activity.

The very intense volcano-tectonic

activity caused the geologicalconditions for accumulation ofheat energy which is manifestedin many places as hydrothermalsystems of low-medium and high

enthalpy geothermal fields.

Geothermal areas in Greece with mainGeothermal areas in Greece with main geotectonic structures geotectonic structures

Geothermal exploration in Greece



Map of heat flow density in Greece (I.G.M.E., 2001)

Preliminary map of heat flow density (Fytikas & Preliminary map of heat flow density (Fytikas & Kolios, 1979) Kolios, 1979)

South Aegean Volcanic Arc (Methana, Sousaki, Milos, Nisyros, Santorini, Kos)

Sedimentary basins of Northern Greece (Strimon river basin, Delta Nestos basin, Delta Evros basin)Northern Evia (Euboea) (Aedipsos area) - Sperchios basin

Islands in east Aegean sea: Samothrace, Lemnos, Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria.

Areas of increased heat flow are:



The most important high enthalpygeothermal fields (Milos, Nisyros)

are located

in the Southern Aegean

along the active volcanic arc(SAAVA) with proven geothermalpotential 25 MW e

and estimatedpossible potential >250 MW e

.

The South Aegean Active Volcanic Arc andThe South Aegean Active Volcanic Arc and

the locations of the locations of Milos Milos and and Nisyros Nisyros islandsislands

High enthalpy geothermal fields in Greece



Five geothermal wells (1,017-1,381 mdeep)

were drilled on Milos

islandduring 1975-1981Temperature in the wells: 280-325 ο CDepth of reservoir: 1,000-1,380 mProduction: 339 t/h of fluids(200 t/h

saturated steam -

139 t/h

hot

water),Pressure: 11-19 atm

High enthalpy geothermal fieldof Milos

island



It is located in the caldera in thecentral part of the island.Two wells (1,816 and 1,547m deep)were drilled in the early 1980’s.Area of the field: 3.5 km 2

Temperature in the wells: ~ 350 ο CDepth of reservoir: 1,400-1,900 mProduction: 75 t/h of fluidsRatio of steam to water 27:73Pressure: 12 atm

High enthalpygeothermal fieldof Nisyros

island

Conceptual geothermal model of theConceptual geothermal model of the Nisyros Nisyros high enthalpy geothermal field high enthalpy geothermal field [by Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [by Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETHZ) ]]

Geothermal well NISGeothermal well NIS --1 (1,816 m deep)1 (1,816 m deep)Geothermal well inGeothermal well in Nisyros Nisyros



Medium and low enthalpygeothermal fields

are mostlyassociated with grabens

andpost-orogenic

sedimentarybasins.

There is a high potential in theareas of Kimolos, Polyegos,Northern Evia

(Aedipsos),Lesvos, Chios andSamothrace islands and in theNE continental mainland.

The deep water circulationalong ‘open’

faults in grabensall over the country hascreated a large number of lowenthalpy (T 90 oC)

fields.

There are > 750 thermalsprings and > 50 spas inoperation .

The thermal potential of lowenthalpy geothermalresources in Greece exceeds1,000 MW t.

Medium -

low enthalpygeothermal fields

in Greece

GEOTHERMAL AREAS INGREECE



Some important low enthalpy geothermal fields in Greece (i)

Geothermal field of Aristino (Thrace, NE Greece):

Water temperature: 30-90oCDepth of reservoir: 150-450 m

Discharge (from existing wells): 200 m 3 /hChemical composition of waters: Na-CIwith TDS of 4.3-10.5 g/l

Hydrothermal model of the Hydrothermal model of the Aristino Aristino field field

Geothermal field of Nea Kessani (Thrace):Water temperature: 40-82 oCDepth of reservoir: 120-500 mDischarge (from existing wells): >300 m 3 /hChemical composition of waters: Na-CI/ Η CO 3with TDS of 3.7-5.5 g/l Geothermal well inGeothermal well in

the the Nea Nea Kessani Kessani field field

Geothermal field of Neo Erasmio - Magana (Thrace):Water temperature: 27-68 oCDepth of reservoir: 200-500 m

Discharge (from existing wells): 250 m 3 /hChemical composition of waters: Na-CI andNa- Η CO 3CI with TDS of 0.57-10.1 g/l

Geothermal well and pumping station in the NeoGeothermal well and pumping station in the Neo Erasmio Erasmio fiel field



Some important low enthalpy geothermal fields in Greece (ii)

Geothermal field of Eratino - Chrysoupolis(Eastern Macedonia, Northern Greece):Water temperature within the reservoir: 75 oCDepth of reservoir: 550-650 mDischarge (from existing wells): 300 m 3 /hChemical composition of waters: Na-CIwith TDS of 12.6-15.2 g/l

Geothermal wellsGeothermal wells AKR AKR --1 and AKR1 and AKR -- 3 3in thein the Akropotamos Akropotamos

field field

Geothermal field of Akropotamos (Kavala,Eastern Macedonia, Northern Greece):Water temperature: 45-90 oC

Depth of reservoirs: 100-185 m, 240-515 mDischarge (from existing wells): 415 m 3 /hChemical composition of waters: Na-CI &Na-HCO 3

CI with TDS of 2.15-30.7 g/l

AKR-1

90 oC + CO 2

200 m 3 /h83 oC + CO 2

150 m 3 /h

AKR-3

Geothermal production wells N Geothermal production wells N --1P and N 1P and N -- 2P in the 2P in the Eratino Eratino field field

Geothermal field of Therma - Nigrita(Serres, Central Macedonia, Northern Greece):Water temperature: 40-64 o CDepth of reservoir: 70-500 m

Discharge: ~1,000 m3 /hChemical composition of waters:

Na-HCO 3 with TDS of 1.1-3.6 g/l3.5-4.7 kg CO 2 / m 3 geothermal water

GeothermalGeothermalwells in thewells in the

ThermaTherma Nigrita Nigrita

field field



Some important low enthalpy geothermal fields in Greece (iii)

Geothermal field of Soussaki (Corinth,Peloponnese, Southern Greece):

Reservoirs: 50-290 m T=60-78 oC600-900 m T up to 75 o C

Discharge: 600 m 3 /hChemical composition of waters: Na-CIwith TDS of 38.1-48.8 g/lGases: CO 2

, H 2

S Geothermal wells in theGeothermal wells in the SoussakiSoussaki field field

Geothermal field of Nenita (Chios island):Water temperature within the reservoir: 78-82.8 o C

Depth of reservoir: 300-500 mDischarge (from the existing production well): ~ 150 m 3 /hChemical composition of waters: Na-CIwith TDS of 74-74.6 g/l

Geothermal well in theGeothermal well in the Nenita Nenita field field

Geothermal area of Aedipsos (Northern Evia island):In the Aedipsos

area, an exploration borehole

was drilled down to 374 m depth with a casing down

to 340 m and the maximum temperature of 80ºCwas recorded at 350 m .

Aedipsos Aedipsos (Northern(Northern Evia Evia ) )



Some important low enthalpy geothermal fieldsin Greece (iv)

Geothermal fields / areas on Lesvos island:Geothermal field /Geothermal field /

area area Area Area( ( km km 2 2 ) )

Depth of Depth of reservoir (m) reservoir (m)

Discharge Discharge( ( m m 3 3 /h) /h)

TemperatureTemperature( ( ° ° C)C)

Polichnitos Polichnitos 1010 50 50 -- 20 20 00 3 30000 6 6 5 5 -- 9 9 5 5

StipsiStipsi 20 20 150150 -- 220 220 ------ ~ 90~ 90

Argenos Argenos 4 4 1010 --11 5 500 3 30000 90 90

Kalloni Kalloni 1010 50 50 -- 2 20000 30 30 00 25 25 -- 30 30

ThermiThermi -- GerasGeras >2>2 2 200--8800 150150 40 40

ThermiThermi 1010 -- 5 500 20 20 00 6 6 00

Mytilene Mytilene 1010 5 500--11 50 50 5 50000 30 30 -- 35 35

Petra Petra -- Mithimna Mithimna 1010 1010 00-- 20 20 00 110000 3 3 5 5 --6060

Lisvori Lisvori 2 200 6 6 88

More recently, in

the broader area of Stipsi

3 exploration boreholeswere drilled by PPC. Borehole S-1 reached a depth of approximately1,400 m and found fluids at 80ºC. Wells STE-1

and STE-2

were

drilled down to 350 and 1,000 m revealing temperatures of 106ºCand 101ºC

respectively.

Argenos Argenos

Polichnitos



Some important low enthalpy geothermal fields in Greece (v)

Geothermal area of Therma (Samothrace island):-

Thermal springs in the Therma

area (T=35-58 oC)

-

Three shallow wells S-1, S-2 and S-3 at depthsof 120, 120 and 60 m respectively were drilledwithin the thermal area near existing spas.They yield a high flow rate of fluids and watertemperature up to 99.4 o C.

-

The hot waters are of Na-Cl

type with high TDSvalues (up to 31 g/l) and rich in Na +, CI -, Ca 2+ , Li +,Sr 2+

, SiO 2

, B, Br -

and I -

contents.

Prospective medium enthalpy geothermal resources in Greece

Geothermal wellGeothermal wellSS-- 3 in 3 in ThermaTherma(Samothrace(Samothrace

island):island): Depth: 60 m, Depth: 60 m,

T=99T=99 o oCC

Favorable areas for probable existence of medium enthalpy geothermal

resources are as follows:

-

The sedimentary basins of Northeastern Greece (basins of Strymon, NestosRiver Delta and Evros

River Delta)

-

Samothrace island

-

Lesvos island

-

Southern part of Chios island

- Aedipsos area (Northern part of Evia island)



Exploitation of geothermal energy in Greece

In spite of the enormous geothermal potentialof the country, the degree of exploitation israther limited.

At present no electric power is produced fromgeothermal resources

in Greece, despite thelarge high-enthalpy resources in the activeAegean volcanic arc.

In 1985-86, a 2-MWe pilot power plant wasinstalled in the high enthalpy field of Milos

and operated intermittently until 1989 (thetotal operating time was 9 months).However, the plant was then shut downbecause of environmental protests due toH2

S emissions into the atmosphere and

strong opposition from local inhabitantsand organizations (false information of thelocal people have about environmentalimpacts of electricity production from highenthalpy resources & the actualenvironmental problems related to H

2

Semissions from the pilot power plantduring its operation).

2-MWe pilot power plant on Milos island

Milos island: Reinjection pipeline



Geothermal well MZ-1 on Milos island(Depth: 1,101 m,

T=310 oC at 837 m depth)

The high enthalpy geothermal applications on theislands of Milos and Nisyros have unfortunatelyexhibited no progress mainly because of the negativeattitude of the inhabitants to geothermal exploitation.They believe that such exploitation would unfavorablyaffect the fragile ecological balance.For this reason no further research in the high enthalpyfields of these islands was carried out.The ill-fated 2-MWe power plant on Milos Island is still inthe memories of the inhabitants of the island who arerather strongly opposed to any new geothermaldevelopment.

Nisyros island Fumaroles on Milos island



Geothermal applications in Greece (March 2011)

Summary ofSummary of the various categories of direct uses

Use Installed Capacity(MWt) -

2011 Annual Energy Use

(TJ/yr) Capacity Factor

Individual Space Heating 1.5 16.5 0.34Greenhouse & Soil

Heating35.0 340 0.31

Agricultural Products

Drying0.3 1.5 0.19

Aquaculture * 9.5 74.3 0.26

Bathing and Swimming(Balneology) 39.0 238.0 0.19

Subtotal 85.0 670.0 0.25

Geothermal Heat Pumps 90.0 460.0 0.16

TOTAL 175.0 1,130.0 0.21

* Fish farming & Spirulina cultivation ~ 135% increase since 2004~ 135% increase since 2004



The growth rate of the installed thermal capacity for differentgeothermal direct uses in Greece during 2000-2009



The growth rate of the installed capacity in Greece since 1994

0

20

40

60

80

100120

140

160

180

200

1994 1998 2002 2006 2010

GHPsClassical uses

Year

Capacity(MW

t)

Estimated installed thermal capacity in March 2011: 175 MWt

Direct uses are rather stagnant over the past 10 years.

The significant increase is due to the rapid expansion ofGeothermal Heat Pumps systems

C a p a c i t y (

C a p a c i t y ( M

W t h

M

W t h ) )



Geothermal Greenhouse Heating (I)

Sidirokastro (Macedonia, Northern Greece):

Geothermal greenhouse (plotted flowers)

Today, there are ~ 21 ha of glass and plastic-covered

greenhouses. The area remains rather constant during thepast 15 years.

Most of the greenhouse area (~60%) is used for vegetablecultivation . Main vegetables grown: tomatoes, sweet

peppers and cucumbers.

The rest: cut flowers (roses, lilies, chrysanthemum) andpotted plants

Nigrita (Macedonia, Northern Greece):Geothermal greenhouse (chrysanthemum) Nigrita (Macedonia, Northern Greece): Geothermal

reenhouse tomatoes



Geothermal Greenhouse Heating (II)Currently, there are 23 geothermal greenhouseunits run by 17 operators.

The vast majority (79%) of the geothermal watershas a temperature less than 60ºC.

Geothermal greenhouse on Lesvos island

(Therma Geras)

Geothermal greenhouse on Milos island (near the airport)

Greenhouse heating applications in Greece by geothermal field (2009-2010)



Geothermal Greenhouse Heating (III)

Distribution of the heating systems in geothermal greenhouses (total covered area 21 ha)

The following heating methods

(or somecombination of these) are used in thegeothermal greenhouses:Fan-coils heaters . Convective air heating

with forced-air heaters with water T >60ºC.Cascade use of water with PP pipes ..

Corrugated polypropylene (PP) pipes ofoutside diameter (o.d.) 28 mm.Large (d: 0.2 m) polyethylene (PE) tubes .Finned metallic tubes . At the moment this

method is only applied to one floriculture

installation in Nigrita .

PE tubes



Soil WarmingSoil Warming

Soil warming for early-season asparaguscultivation started in 1997.

Today ~ 19 ha,

in Neo Erasmio

and Myrodato (Xanthi) and Nymphopetra

(Thessaloniki) [inlet

water temperature 43-60 oC]

Neo Erasmio (Xanthi, Thrace): White asparagus plantation under black plastic film covering

Neo Erasmio (Xanthi, Thrace): Green asparagus plantation under transparent plastic film covering

Cross-section of a covered asparagus

bed

The soil heating isaccomplished bydirect flow of thegeothermal waterthrough corrugated

PP pipes located 30-40cm below the groundlevel.

Schematic diagram of the soil heating system



Soil WarmingSoil Warming – –

Protected vegetable cultivationProtected vegetable cultivation

Soil warming (subsoil or surface heating) in combinationwith an arch-type plastic cover of rows supported byframes (low tunnel technology)

can be also used for

protected vegetable cultivation aiming at intensive growthand at shorter cultivation periods .

Intensive lettuce cultivation in Neo Erasmio (Xanthi, NE

Greece) during 2009-2010.Heated cultivation area: 3 haCultivation periods: November-December, March-AprilDuring the last two winters > 2,000

kg of lettuce were

grown at reduced heating cost.

Arch-type plastic covered rows (low tunnels) for intensive lettuce cultivation in N. Erasmio

Neo Erasmio: Subsoil heating in combination with low tunnel technology for intensive lettuce cultivation

Neo Erasmio: Surface heating in combination with low tunnel technology for intensive lettuce cultivation



BalneologyBalneology

Loutraki Aridea (Almopia, Macedonia): Open pool

More than 700 thermal (or “curative”) springshave been recorded in Greece.

About 60

spas and bathing centers, with a totalwater flow rate of >1000 kg/s with watertemperatures in the range 18-90°C.

Attempts for upgrading with closed and open

pools (Aedipsos, Loutraki-Aridaia,

Platystomo,Sidirokastro, Loutraki-Corinth etc.)

Difficulties in documenting the energy use.A conservative estimate (assuming that thetemperature of water leaving the bathingfacilities is 30 oC) of the total thermal capacityis 39 MWth

with a mean load factor of 0.19.

Aedipsos [Northern Euboea (Evia)]:Thermae Sylla Spa & Wellness Hotel

Loutraki (Corinth, Peloponnese): Indoor pools (new modern spa)



Dehydration of Tomatoes and other Agricultural Products

The tomato dehydration plant

has been operating since 2001

in Neo Erasmio

(Xanthi).The unit uses low-salinity geothermal water (60°C) to heat airto 58°C in a tunnel drier (air -

geothermal water heat exchanger

system).

So far >100 t of high-quality dried tomatoes have beenproduced.

It has been demonstrated that the unit is capable of dryingother vegetables and fruits.

Neo Erasmio - Xanthi: A tomato dehydration unit Yearly production of dried tomatoes during 2001-2009



Individual Space HeatingHeating of a 1,300-m 2

spa building inTrainanoupoli

(Thrace) using geothermal

water at 52°C. A titanium plate heatexchanger is being used.

A 4,000-m 2

spa building in Nea

Apollonia (Central Macedonia)

A hotel on Milos

IslandSeveral individual houses in Macedoniaand Thrace.

Heating of several private houses on

Milos

island is accomplished by a kind of“downhole”

heat exchanger. Traianoupoli (Thrace, Northeastern Greece)

Nea Apollonia (Macedonia, Northern Greece) Hotel on Milos island (there is a swimming poolwith geothermal water for relaxation)



Aquaculture –

Anti-frost protection / heating

Anti-frost protection/heating ofaquaculture ponds in PortoLagos and Magana (both in thePerfecture

of Xanthi, Thrace) is

practiced since 1998 (installedcapacity ~ 8 MWt).

Anti-frost protection refersmainly to the heating ofwintering ponds (earthchannels) with giltheads.

The injection of warm water intothe pond not only protects thefish stock from bad weather,especially during winter time,but it has been shown that italso increases fish production.

Porto Lagos (Xanthi): Anti-frost protection / heating of aquaculture ponds(fish farming)

The use of geothermal energy in these fish farms proved indispensable during theheavy frosts in the 2001-2002 and 2002-2003 winter periods and averted severedamage (total loss) of the fish stock that has occurred in other farms of the region.It is estimated that both investments were repaid during the first 3 years of operation.



Angelochori (Thessaloniki): Horizontal Geothermal Heat Pump System

(closed-loop system)

Geothermal Heat Pumps (GHP) -

I

During the past 4-5 years an impressive increase in

the number of systems installed in the country.More than 500 applications

have been recorded with a

total installed capacity of 60 MWt

(The exact numberof GHP units installed in the country is not known, but

the above figure could well exceed estimated 90 MWt ).This rapid expansion of GHP systems (without anyState support) can be attributed to the followingfactors:(a) The easing of the licensing for drilling of “closed”

wells or for use groundwater in open systems(b) The soaring oil (and gas) prices in 2008 and recently,

in connection to almost stable prices of electricity(c) The increased interest of the air-conditioning sector

etc.

Skopelos island: Horizontal ground-source heat collector

(closed-loop system) for a 80-m 2 house

Horizontal ground-source heat collectors are installedonly for small buildings and are laid in a depth in therange of 1.5-3 m.

The depth of the boreholes in the vertical GHP

systems ranges from 60 m to 100 m.



Geothermal Heat Pumps (GHP) -

II

About 65%

of the recorded installed capacity refers

to open-loop systems

and ~25% closed vertical systems .

In recent years there has been an increased interestin seawater space cooling, especially for seasidehotels, operating only during the summer.

The vast majority of GHP system has been installedin buildings (private houses, large buildings etc)

Eleones, Panorama - Thessaloniki (Macedonia,

Northern Greece) : Vertical closed-loop ground heat exchanger installed in borehole

Pylaia - Thessaloniki

(Macedonia, Northern Greece) : Drilling one of 21 vertical

boreholes, about 80m deep, for the installation of a vertical

closed loop GHP system at the Pylaia Town Hall

Pylaia - Thessaloniki (Macedonia, Northern Greece) : Engine room of the Town Hall with geothermal heat pumps



Geothermal Heat Pumps (GHP) for Agricultural Uses

A promising applicationof GHP in Chrysoupolis

(Kavala): soil heating ofan area of 2.0 ha

forearly-season asparaguscultivation with an opengeothermal heat pumpsystem (groundwater)

The use of such a systemproved to be quite

economical, since theelectricity bill accountedonly for less than 15% ofthe producer’s price.

Chrysoypolis (Macedonia, Northern Greece):GHP system for early-season asparagus

cultivation

Kozani

area(Macedonia, NorthernGreece): Use of anopen-loop GHPsystem (water -

air)for the heating of apoultry farm

Kozani area (Macedonia, Northern Greece):GHP system for heating a poultry farm



GeothermalLegislation

in Greece (I)

Law 3175/2003 and Law 3734/2009 (article 37) and the relative MinisterialDecisions:

The geothermal potential is a renewable energy source (RES), but

exploration andexploitation of geothermal energy is regulated by the “mining exploration decree”

(decree 210/1973).

“Field management”

involves the coordination of the exploration efforts, the rational useof geothermal fluids, the distribution and selling of heat to users etc.

Licenses for the management and exploitation of a field (or part

of it, Law 3734/2009,article 37) are provided by the Regions (for waters with T 90°C), or directly from theMinistry of Development for fields with higher fluid temperature

(T>90 oC).

Current feed-in tariffs

for electricity production from geothermal energy ( Law 3851/2010 ):From low-enthalpy fluids (T 90°C): 150 €

per MWh

From high-enthalpy fluids (T>90°C): 99,45 €

per MWh

+ 20% surcharge if the investmentis implemented without public subsidy(discussions for 150 €/MWh)



After the new national

geothermal legis la t ion

(Law 3175/2003), I.G.M.E.compi led a s tudy and

classification of known

f i e l d s i n t h e n e w categories (high and low

temperature fields, provena n d p o s s i b l e f i e l d s ) .

At present, the known

p r o v e n a n d p o s s i b l e

geothermal fields exceed40 in 30 different areas

(insome cases proven and

possible fields in the samearea)

and they are located

all over the country. Therea r e t w o k n o w n h i g h

t e m p e r a t u r e ( T > 9 0 o

C )

fields suitable for powergenera t ion (Mi los

and

N i s y r o s

i s l a n d s ) . T h e

remaining fields are of lowt e m p e r a t u r e .

Proven and possiblegeothermal fields in Greeceaccording to the Law3175/2003 and MinisterialDecisions

Proven & PossibleGeothermal Fields



GeothermalLegislation

in Greece (II)

Law 3498/2006 and the relative Ministerial Decisions concern:

Thermal springs and “development of therapeutic (curative) tourism”

Special Ministerial Decision

(2004, update in 2009)

defines the regulatoryframework for the licensing and the installation of Geothermal Heat PumpSystems.

R t b t th l l ti i G



Recent news about geothermal exploration in GreeceDuring 2002-2008 new exploration activities were performed by I.G.M.E. in thefollowing areas:-

Lesvos and Chios islands

-

Nea

Apollonia, Almopia, Alexandria and Akropotamos

(Macedonia, Northern Greece)-

Aedipsos

-

Yaltra

-

Lichada

peninsula (Evia

island, Central Greece)

-

Sperchios

graben

(Central Greece)

-

Sykies

-

Arta

(Epirus, Western Greece)-

Riza

-

Antirrio

(Western Greece)A budget of 4 million €

has been devoted

to geothermal exploration.

An international open tender took place for the leasing of the right to explore the

geothermal potential of unexplored areas: (a) Central and Southern Chios, (b) NestosRiver Delta, (c) Evros

River Delta and (d) Samothraki

Island.The deadline for the submission of the candidates’

bids was March 16 th , 2011.

For the above-mentioned areas, the following Companies or Joint Ventures wereparticipated in this tender process: ENEL S.A., ORMAT Int., Hellenic Geothermal

Holding Corp. -

of Canadian interests, PPC Renewables, Aegean Energy SA and ITAGroup SA -

TERNA ENERGY SA. A total of 18 investment plans were submitted and

the value of submitted bids surpassed 350 million €. The duration of the bidsevaluation procedure may not exceed 50 days from the date on which the bids wereunsealed (i.e. March 16 th , 2011).

Two open tenders took place for proven and probable low-enthalpy fields (provenEratino field & probable Lithotopos field).



Thank you very muchfor your attention!

Geothermal Activities in Greece

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