Geothermal
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Transcript of Geothermal
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Pemahaman Konsep Dasar Panas Bumi
Geofisika - Fisika FMIPA-ITSSurabaya
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– Geo: earth– Thermal: heat
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Location of resourch
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Geothermal manifestations
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Geothermal History
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Geothermal system
1. Direct Dry Steam 2. Separated Steam 3. Single Flash Steam 4. Double Flash Steam 5. Multi Flash Steam 6. Brine/Freon Binary Cycle 7. Combined Cycle 8. Well Head Generating Unit
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Geothermal classification
• Hydrothermal– Vapour dominated system– Water dominated system
• Geopressurized – hot, high-pressure brines (saline water) with dissolved methane
• Hot dry rock• Magma
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Hydrothermal Reservoir
• Hydrothermal reservoir, pada reservoir ini didapatkan dari air hujan (natural recharge) atau proses injeksi
• Proses yang terjadi pada hydrotermal yaitu terjadi masuknya air akibat adanya rekahan melalui pori-pori pada batuan. Masuknya air pada pori batuan mengakibatkan terjadinya akumulasi di dalam reservoir sampai penuh dan terpanaskan oleh batuan beku panas (pluton)
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Hydrothermal Reservoir
Hydrothermal System
Permeabilitas Besar
Sumber Panas Besar
Berisi Air Dari Permukaan
Ditutup Lapisan Caprock
Memungkinkan Recharge
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Geopressured Reservoir
Kedalaman 2400m – 9100mKadar garam tinggi
temperature rendah
Gradien tekanan > gradien hidrostatik
Air panas mengandung gas metan
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Hot Dry Rock Reservoir
Panas tersimpang pada batuan dengan kedalaman bertemperature >100 C
Permeabilitas sangat kecil
Panas tersimpang pada batuan dengan kedalaman bertemperature >100 C
Tidak terdapatfluida pada batuan yang impermeable.
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Magma Reservoir
•Eksploitasi pada jenis reservoir ini sangat sedikit yang mengkaji karena mempunyai tingkat bahaya yang tinggi
•Proses eksploitasi dengan mencari reservoir yang berisi magma pada kedalaman yang relatif dangkal kemudian mengambil magma yang berfungsi untuk heat exchanger
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Jenis Survei Geofisika
Survei Resistivity
Survei Gravity
Survei Magnetik
Survei Microearthquacke
Survei Self Potensial
Dll.
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Microearthquacke
Penyebab MEQ (Microearthquacke):
Zona lemah yang terbuka
Adanya kontak air dingin dengan batuan beku
panas
Berkurangnya tekanan pori
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Microearthquacke
Monitoring gempa mikro pada sistem geothermal
Energi gempa yang merambat dalam medium bumi berupa gelombang Seismic
Metode monitoring aktivitas gempa mikro ini dikenal sebagai metode seismik pasif atau microseismic atau microearthquake.
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• Characterize geothermal reservoirs• Track fluid movement• Evaluate reservoir permeability characteristics • Estimate the size of the stimulated region• Assist with well targeting
Microseismic Monitoring for Geothermal Applications
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Thank YouWassalam……..