GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY OF NEA:R · GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY OF MAGNETITE DEPOSITS NEAR GULGONG, NEW SOUTH...

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< COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA

DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

BUREAU OF -MINERAL RESOURCES,

GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS

RECORDS 1953, N°· 63

GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY OF

MAGNETITE DEPOSITS -

NEA:R

GULGONG, NEW SOUTH WALES

by

K. H. TATE

..

COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA

DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

BUREAU OF MINERAL RESOURCES,

GEOLOGY AND GEOPHYSICS

RECORDS 1953. N°· 63

GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY OF

MAGNETITE DEPOSITS NEAR

GULGONG, NEW SOUTH WALES

by

K. H. TATE /

CONT~~NTS.

~- Page

.. - .. ~'--

SmVITI'lARY ( iii)

1. IN~RODUCTION 1

2. G:80LOGY 1

3. I\lAGN:;TIC SURVEY OF TA.LLAYiANG tIAGN:;TIT:8 D:;~POSIT 2

4.

5.

" "

11 11

" T.!JJ1·;.'·,'ANG SOUTH M.:i.GN::TITE DEPOSIT

" THE PUGGOON MAGK::TITE D"~~POSITS

(a) Puggoon Deposit

(b) Pusgoon South Deposit

3

6. CONCLUSIONS AND R~·XOlTI'·ENDATIONS

3

3

4

4

7 • R:;F:CRENCES

ILLUSTHATIONS • I

PLATE 1. Locality map.

2. Tallawang Magnetite Deposit

, 5

Vertical Magnetic Force Profiles.

3. Tallawang Magnetite Deposit - Vertical Magnetic Force Contours.

4. Tallawang South ~.1agnetite Deposit - Vertical and Horizontal ~:1agnetic Force Profiles.

5. Tallav.Jang South Magnetite Deposit - Vertical Magnetic Force Contours.

6. Puggoon 1\1agneti te Deposits - TOl")ography and Geophysical Traverses.

7. Puggoon Magnetite Deposit - Vertical and Horizontal Magnetic Force Profiles.

8. Pllgg.oon South Magnetite Deposit - Vertical and Horizonte,l MagnetiC I'orce l?rofiles.

9. Puggoon tiagnetite Deposits - Vertical Magnetic Force Contours •

( ii}

SUM MAR Y.

On the recommendation contained in a preliminary report issued by the Bw'e,:",u of Mineral Resources in 1952, a ma~netic survey was mlde of several deposits of magnetite in the parishes of Puggoon and Tallawang, near Gulgong,

N.S.W. The magnetic results are compared with test

results from the quarry at the nearby Tallawang deposit and it is shown that the small deposits studied are not li,kely to be of sufficient interest to the present lease-holders.

Attention is directed to the Tallawang de'posit where it 1s possible that further development of the knbvm ' ore-bodies, will expose additional reserves of magnetite. A detailed magnet.ic survey of the area is recommended.

(iii)

1. INTRODUCTION.

Australian Magnetite 1?ty. Ltd. holds several leases in the Parishes of Puggoon F,nd Tallawcmg, County of Bligh, and is at presen.t mining mai;netite ~:'rom the old Tallawang Iron Ore Quarry, about 12 miles rLorth-west of Gulgong. Because of increasing difficulties in mining this deposit, the best and most accesuible part of which has already been mined, the company is desirous of opening up and developing other deposits south-east of 1;he old Quarry.

At the request of the C OLrq any , a preliminary magnetic survey was made in August, 1952, over a lease held by the company in the Parish of Puggoon. Results of that preliminaJ'.'y survey are contained in a report 'JY Horvath (1952), and his recommendations that t~.le survey be extended led to the work described in the present report. This work, which was done in April, 1953, consisted of a more detailed magnetic survey, in which attention was concentrated on magne';ite deposits in Portions 112 and 90, Parish of Puggoon, and on another deyosit in Portions 60 and 99, Parish of Tallawang (see Plate 1). For comparison purposes, some observations were made at the Tallawang Iron Ore Quarry.

Mr. E.O. Rayner, Senior Geologist of the N.S.W. rKines Department, was with the geophysical party during the survey, which occupied ap~)roximately two weeks. For reference purposes the deposits in Portions 112 and 90, Parish of Puggoon, are called the Puggoon magnetite deposits, and that in Portions 60 and 99, Paris~1 of Tallawang, is called the Tallavvang South magnetite deposit.

2. GEOLOGY.

The geology of the deposits was described briefly by Jacquet (1901) and Andrews (1928), and a more recent report by Rayner (1953) contains all the geological data available to date. Due to the paucity of outcrops, the information is far from complete. The de·posi ts are, in general, similar, consisting of pockets of ore in altered sediments. All deposits are close to the contact of the sediments with a large granite mass, and at each deposit there is evidence of a limited development of ultrabasic rocks, the association of which with the ore is not clear.

The following is a brief summary of the geology of the Tallawang and ?uggoon areas as given by Rayner (1953). Particular emphasis is given to factors which may influence interpretation of the geophysical results.

Near the Tallawang deposit ~ .. ' a belt of Silurian sedimentary and volcanic rocks is in contact with a granite intr"l.sion whose age is post-Silurian and probably Lower Carboniferous (Kanimblan epoch). Near the gran'ite contact, which occu:::'s outside the area surveyed, the sediments are altered and in places have a gneissic and granitised appearance. The beds have a general strike about 20 west of north and are folded into anticlines and synclines with dips ranging from 350 to 800• The iron ore deposit can be regarded as of pyrometasomatic origin, and shows some evidence of emplacement in zones of shearin']' and fissuring. The ore is principally magnetite but contains 0

pyrrhotite and pyrite at depth. It is cl03ely associated with basic or utrabasic rocks, which are not of great extent and have not been noted away from the iron deposits. The basic rocks cons~st ~ainly of pyroxenite, altered in some places to amphlbollte. On the western side of the quarry are two acid quartz-porphyry dykes of post-mineralisation age. On the western wall the iron ore has been worke~ largely to a joint

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2

or fault plane striking north-north--west and dipping eastwards at about 700 • A slightly s~eeper plane with the same direction of strike is prominent on the eastern wall. At tile southern end of the quarry, at about 120 feet below the surface rim, the ore bod;y is approximately 70 feet wide. The northern end of the quarry is shallow and narrow, and its floor is covered by detritus and broken blocks of wall rock. Some ore can be seen near the dolerite dyke on the western side of the quarry and also beneath' the haulage-way. Similar material appears to b~ pre sent in the floor of t;:le quarry near the southern end, but is largely obse.ured by silt and water. Deposits of good-quality ore projecting from the lower wallo of the quarry are being mined.

The first evidence of pyrite occurred at a depth of 70 feet below the surface. The grey-black magnetite ore at present being mined contains much pyrrhotite and pyrite and traces of chalcopyrite. The sulphide content increases with depth.

A smaller body of iron ore occurs a quarter of a mile north of the Tallawang quarry and has been worked to a depth of about 20 feet.

At the Tallavvang South deposit there is a small outcrop of magnetite, hematite and limonite projecting through a flat mantle of soil~ The evidence of outcrop and rock fragments indicates that the length of the body is at least 150 feet and its width is at least 30 feet. The body appears to strike N 300 w •

. At the Puggoon deposits, two lens-like outcrops of iron ore are present. Rayner refers to these outcrops aD the Puggoon deposit and the Puggoon South deposit.

The Puggoon deposit crops out for 200 feet. It has a northerly strike and dips steeply to the east. The outcrop consists chiefly of magnetite and hematite. Some prospecting. pits and costeans and a shaft have been put down. Geolol;ical assessment of the deposit and its mode of emplacement is hindered by paucity of outcrops 'but the surrounding soils and rock fragments indicate that it occurs within a band of clayslates with mica schists on the west and altered schists, grits [end gneh:ses on the east adjacent to a granite contact.

The Puggoon South deposit is a tabular or lens-shaped body similar in mineral ,composition to the Puggoon deposit. It strikes N 250 Wand appears to be of similar length to, but narrower than, the Puggoon deposit. The dip may be vertical or steeply to the east. Prospecting has been confined to a small shaft and some pits. At the shaft some fragments of a gree.nish rock of basic appearance we~e recovered and petrological examination shows that a gabbro or dolerite may have been one of the rocks originally present.

3. MAGNETIC SURVEY OF TALLA\7ANG r\:lAGN~::;TITE j)E?OSIT.

For purposes of comparison between the known and unknown deposits, a da;f was s;?E:nt in pegging three traverses across the qual'r;/ at the Tallawang deposit and making magnetic observations of the most accessible parts of them. Values of the vertical component of the uarth's magnetic field were recorded with a magnetic balance (sensitivity 30 gammas per scale division).

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The vertical magnetic force profiles p with appropriate sections across the quarry? are shovm on Plate 2? and ?late 3 is a map of the quarry with sketched vertical magnotic force contours superimposed. The profiles arc smooth along each traverse! and all show large positive anomalies greater than 10pOOO gammas. The anomalies must be caused by a magnetiterich body of considerable depth extant along steep easterly dip. The fact that the anomaly is so large on traverses Band U indicates that the deposit must extend at least 300 ft. north of the haulage way, where the quarry is shallower? but whore its floor is covered by scree deposits from the steep walls. It is probable that close geological and/or geophysical examination would revGal places B.t which are might be obtained by minor extension of the present workings. It is impossible to deduce the grade of ore from tho magnetic results.

4. MAGNETIC SURVZY OF T}I.LLAWANG SOUTH MAGN~GTITE DEPOSIT. _.. . Values of both the vertical and horizontal components

of the earth's magnetic field were recorded in the area around the Tallawanf South deposit. The magnetic balance for recording the vertical field was the one used in the survey of the Tallawang deposi 1;. The balance used to measure. the horizontal component had a sensitivity of 15 grumnas per scale division and was oriented in the direction of tho traverse.

Profiles of the vertical and horizontal magnotic force are. shown on Plate 4 and the contours of the vertical magnetic forc0 only on Plate 5. These results indicate the presonce of a magnetite-rich body pitching at a moderate angle to the north. Tho (;tfects recorded could be caused by a pipe-like body whose depth extent is large compared with its dimensions in crosssection p and which has a magnetic pole at less than 100 ft. vertical depth at the point 00/00. Such'a body would oxtond from tho known outcrop to a dopth groater than the limit for an open-cut. The maximum vertical force anomaly is about 5?000 gammas, which is much smaller than that recorded at the Tallawang deposit. Such a comparison is not of great help in de~~Dnining the size of the deposit, however, as many other factors such as depth~ strike, dip p magnetic inclination and susceytibility affect tho magnitude of 'iJhe anomaly.

Furth·:)r information on th,,:: deposit could bi3st be obtained by sinking a diamond drill hole about 150 ft. long at 125N/00, on a bearing of 1500 magnoticand depressed at about 500 -600 to the horizontal. Such a drill hole Vlould cut the body bolow tho weathered zone and thus indicate tho grado and width of the body in the primary zone .•

5. MAGNETIC SURV:::;Y OF THE PUGGOON MAGNETITE DEPOSITS.

(a) Puggoon deposit

The preliminary survey described by Horvath (1952) revealed a magnetic body extending nearly 200 ft. along tho strike and dipping to the east. The present work' comprisod a morc extensive survey to determine the extent of the body more accurately, and some check traverses with a horizontal balance. Plate 6 shows the position of the geophysical travorses at both tho Puggoon and Puggoon South deposits, in rolation to the topography of the area. The results of the survey are shown as profiles· 011. Plato 7 and as magnetic contours on Plate 9 •

found. No extensions of thG anomaly recorded by Horvath were

Hesults indicate that the body can be compared with a

....--..+- . --

4

narrow sheet of magnetic material of considerable depth extent, dipping at u moderate angle to the east. It is probable that the shaft shoNn on Plates 6 and 9 was sunk in the footwall of the lode and would not yield much information. If any further interest is taken in the deposit, short inclined drill holes from the eastern side of the outcrop should give. valuable information regarding the thickness and grade of the body.

(b).Puggoon So~th deposit.

Horvath (1952) suggested that a magnetite body might exist about 200-300 yards south of the Puggoon deposit described .above. The area was surveyed in April, 1953, and the results obtained are shown as magnetic profiles on Plate 8 and asmagnetic contourE) on Plate 9. The anomaly shown on Plate 9 appears to be caused by a body irregular in shape along the sirike, but which could be pipe-like, pitching steeply to the south, The strongest part of the anomalyis.on Traverse D, where an old shaft had been sunk. This shaft should give all necessary information. regarding the grade of the body. The value of the anomaly, about 4,000 gamraas, is similar to that recorded at the Puggoon deposit, but is small when compared with that recorded at the Tallawang deposit.

6. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMJENDATIONS.

The three test traverses at the Tallawang deposit revealed a major anomaly of the order. of 10,000· to 15,000 gammas, the shape of the anomaly indicating a lenticular body, persistent in depth and dipping steeply to the east. These results must re-direct attention to the shallower parts of the quarry, in the search for an easily worked depos1t.

The Tallawang South deposit presented an essentially geophysical problem, because of the smallness of the outcrop and the general cover of alluvium. The magnetic results indicate that the body is a pipe-like deposit, pitching moderately to the north, and probably of regular dimensions along its length. Its geological associations a.ppear to be similar to those of the Tallawang deposit, but the magnitude of the anomaly is smaller.

The survey of the Puggoon deposit yielded little additional information to that obtained by Horvath (1952), although traverses and observation points were surveyed more accurately and some horizontal magnetic balance work was also done. The magnetic body appears to be very limited in extent along the strike, but is likely to persist in depth along moderate easterly dip. The Puggoon South body is less regular in shape and appears to be a ste3ply pitching pipe-like deposit of small diameter ,"

The results of the whole survey show that the most important deposit is that at Tallawang, followed in decreasing order of importance by the Tallawang South and Puggoon deposits. Attention should be concentrated on the Te.llavvang Iron Ore Quarry to find shallow portions of the body. A thorough Elurvey with a less sensitive magnetometer of the Thalen-Tiberg type would probably l)rovide additional informa~:;ion. The Tallawang South deposit should be tested by a drill-hole, as suggested, and the magnetic results re-examined in the light of the inform&tion provided by this drill hole. .

. Some light may be cast on the geological nature of the bodies by the observation that the magnetIc profiles are·

5

free from irregularities. Heiland ~1946, p.413) states that "Magnetic anomalies on magnetic~ deposits formed by contact or dynamo-metamorphism are usually more regular in appearance than on deposi t~; produced by magmatic differentiation".

ANnn~ws, E.C. et alp 1928

H~ILj~D, C .A., 1946

"

HORVATH, S., 1952

JACQUBT, J.B., 1901

RAYN3R, E.O., 1953

7. REFERENCES .. The Mineral Industry of New South Wales, Department of Mines, N.SiW.

GEOPHYSICAL ::;XPLORATION, Prentice Hall IhC., New York.

Preliminary Report on Magnetite Deposit, Gulgong, N.S.W. Bur.min.Res. Geol.and Geophys., Records 1952, No. 86.

The lron Ora Deposits of New South Wales, Mem.Geol.Sur. N.S.H. Geology, No.2.

... Magnetic Deposits at Tallawang and Puggoon, Gulgong District. Geol.Surv. of N.S.W., Dept. of Mines.

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~ o ~ I

PLATE 9

.~ o ~ I

o

--+- GRID SURVEY PEGS

-1000- MAGNETIC CONTOURS ----~OO----- CONTOUR INTERVAL 500 GAMMAS

GEOPHYSICAL SUR.VEY AT GULGONG N. S. W.

PUGG'OOH MAGNETITE DEPOSITS


Gl22-(O

J E CJION BVr-IEAU Of" MINERAI- REsouACES, GEOLOGY /1/'/]) G E OPHYS/C5

GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY OF NEA:R · GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY OF MAGNETITE DEPOSITS NEAR GULGONG, NEW SOUTH...

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