Geometry Boot Camp

8/13/2019 Geometry Boot Camp

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There is the basic LINEwhich goes on

and on forever in both directions

(Infinity and beyond!).

A LINESEGMENTis just a partof a line that ends at both directions.

Finally, a RAYis a line that begins at one endpoint and goes on and on forever in one

direction.

GEOMETRY BOOT

CAMPThe Great Fourth Grade Geometry Overview

GEOMETRYis math that studies POINTS, LINES, ANGLES, and SHAPES.

1. A POINTis what everything else in geometry is made of.Think of a point as a DOT. Every shape, every angle, every line is madeup of POINTS.

2. A LINEis basically a lot of POINTS in a straight path.

Lines are used to make other shapes like triangles and rectangles.

There are THREE types of LINES.

.

Here are a bunch of points.

We would call these PointA,PointB, PointCand PointD.


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3. ANGLES

AnANGLEis when two lines meet at the same endpoint.

Here are a group of angles:

Angles are measured in DEGREES.

A RIGHT ANGLEis formed when two lines meet at an end point that makes asquare corner. A RIGHT ANGLE is also called a 90 DEGREEangle.

AnACUTEangle is smaller than 90 degrees and an OBTUSEangle is greaterthan 90 degrees

Sometimes pizza or a fan

form angles.


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4. Sometimes lines never meet. PARALLEL LINESare two lines, the samedistance apart that never, ever meet. Here are two sets of parallel lines:

5. PERPENDICULAR LINESare when two lines meet to form exactly four rightangles.

6. COMPLIMENTARY and SUPPLIMENTARY ANGLES.


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7. PLANES


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SHAPES1. A POLYGONis a plane shape (two-dimensional) with straight sides. Forexample: triangles, rectangles and pentagons.

(Keep in mind that a circle is NOT a polygon because it has a curved side.)

2. TRIANGLES

A TRIANGLEis a 3-sided polygon.

There are many different types of triangles. You can tell the type of triangle bythe length of the sidesor by the size of the angles.


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3. A QUADRILATERALis a four-sided polygon. Here are the differenttypes of quadrilaterals.

4. OTHER POLYGONS.Here are some other mighty important polygons thatyou should know. Inside each polygon are the number of sides of each shape.


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5. A THREE DIMENSIONALshape is an object that has height, width and depth,like any object in the real world.

Example: your body is three-dimensional. Its also known as "3D".

6. Two shapes are CONGRUENTis they have the same shape and size.


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7. FACES, EDGES AND VERTICES


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8. PERIMETER AND AREA

THE PERIMETER is the distance around a 2-dimensional shape.

A rea of Simple Shapes

There are special formulas for certain shapes:

Example: What is the area of this rectangle?

The formula is:

Area = w h

w = width

h = height

The width is 5, and the height is 3, so we know w = 5and h = 3. So:


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MeasurementThere are two basic systems of measurement.

CUSTOMARY

The system used in the United States is called the customary systemofmeasurement.

The units of measure in the customary system are:

LENGTH1 foot (ft) = 12 inches (in.)1 yard (yd) = 3 feet1 yard = 36 inches1 mile = 1,760 yards

1 mile = 5,280 feet

WEIGHT1 pound (lb) = 16 ounces (oz)1 ton (T) = 2,000 pounds

CAPACITY1 pint (pt) = 2 cups1 quart (qt) = 2 pints1 quart = 4 cups1 gallon (gal) = 4 quarts

METRIC

The other basic system of measurement is called the metric system, whichis used in most places around the world.

LENGTH1 centimeter (cm) = 10 millimeters (mm)1 decimeter (dm) = 10 centimeters1 meter (m) = 10 decimeters

1 kilometer (km) = 1,000 meters

MASS1 kilogram (kg) = 1,000 grams (g)

CAPACITY1 liter (L) = 1,000 milliliters (mL)

Geometry Boot Camp

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