Geology Vocabulary. A crack in the Earth’s crust along which the blocks of rock on either side...
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Transcript of Geology Vocabulary. A crack in the Earth’s crust along which the blocks of rock on either side...
Geology Vocabulary
A crack in the Earth’s crust along which the blocks of
rock on either side have been pushed together or moved apart; they are created by pressure on Earth’s plates
as they move
Fault
the name scientists
have given to the
super-continent that once contained all the major
continents in the world about 248 million years ago
Pangaea
The outer portion
of Earth
Crust
A movement of
Earth’s crust
Earthquake
Temporarily
inactive
Dormant
Earth’s innermost layer, which is composed mainly of iron and nickel and is separated into different
zones, the outer core and the inner core
Core
molten rock found UNDER
Earth’s surface
Magma
the layer of Earth found
between
the crust and the core
Mantle
A hot spring that occasionally
releases water and steam
into the air
Geyser
Groundwater that comes to the surface when it is
heated by geothermal energy
Hot spring
molten rock
moved to
Earth’s surface
by a volcano
Lava
A volcano that was once active but has stopped erupting
and will never erupt again; these
volcanoes are often
eroded at the surface.
Extinct Volcano
rigid layers of Earth’s crust, including the
continental and oceanic crusts that
drift slowly
atop the mantle
Tectonic Plates
the movement and reformation of
continents due to the shifting of the ocean’s crust and the mantle
underneath
Plate Tectonics
a seismic sea wave
that is caused
by an earthquake, landslide, or volcanic activity that occurs
under the ocean
Tsunami
a numerical scale that measures the
magnitude of an earthquake
Richter scale
an opening in the
crust of Earth that ejects lava, gases,
and ash
Volcano
A machine that
detects and records
the intensity of ground movements such as
earthquakes
Seismograph