Geologic Processes and Soil General Terms:

1. Geologic time (summary) –

2. Asthenosphere-

3. Lithosphere-

4. Types of Boundaries

5. Logarithmic-

6. Pacific Ring of Fire-

7. Primary succession vs. secondary succession-

8. Soil composition

9. Soil horizons o O-horizon o A-horizon o E-horizon o B-horizon o C-horizon

10. Humus-

11. Loam-

12. Texture o sand o silt o clay

13. Desertification-

14. Desiccation-

15. Permeability & percolation

16. Leaching-

Illustrations: Horizons, Texture Triangle, & Map

Soil conservation practices: 1. conservation tillage (no-till)- 2. crop rotation- 3. contour plowing- 4. terracing-

Soil conservation policies: 1. Soil Conservation Act of 1935- 2. Food Security Act (Farm Bill) of 1985- 3. Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)-

Soil Tests : 1. pH 2. nitrogen 3. soil texture 4. percolation

Multiple Choice 1. Earthquake activity is attributed to

A. Tectonic movement B. Coastal development C. Destruction of wetlands D. Unsustainable agricultural techniques E. Carbon dioxide accumulation in the lithosphere

2. The thin plastic-like layer of partially molten rock that the tectonic plates move upon is the

A. Upper core B. Lithosphere C. Hydrosphere D. Lower mantle E. Asthenosphere

3. The San Andreas fault line, found in the western United States, is the result of a

A. Dormant fault B. Divergent fault C. Transform fault D. Convergent fault E. Asthenospheric fault

4. The following practices can reduce soil erosion except A. Terracing B. No-till farming C. Alley-cropping

D. Contour plowing E. Conventional tillage

5. The layer of soil that is comprised of leaf litter and helps reduce evaporation is the

A. A Horizon B. B Horizon C. C Horizon D. O Horizon E. R Horizon

Free Response

A farmer has noticed a gradual decline of productivity in his fields located near the Red River. He believes that it is due to loss of topsoil due to erosion.

A. Identify and describe a physical test to determine the texture of the soil.

B. List two ways for the farmer to increase the fertility of the soil in his fields.

C. Identify and describe two methods to reduce soil erosion.

D. Identify and describe the events that would occur if the farmer

allowed the land to return to its native state.