GEOLOGIC NOUNS, VERBS, ADJECTIVES, … flood deposits, glacial deposits, glacial bog deposits,...

Proposed North American Geologic-map Data Model Nouns, verbs, & modifiers based on data-base queries, v. 1.0Science Language Technical Team 5 May, 2000

1

GEOLOGIC NOUNS, VERBS, ADJECTIVES, MODIFIERS, AND QUALIFIERSSource: 20-queries exercise, version 1.0

Science Language Technical Team5 May, 2000

The following list of English words is an attempt to identify various nouns, verbs,adjectives, modifiers, and qualifiers that occur in the 20-queries responses submitted byScience Langauge Technical Team participants (20 queries, v. 1.0). Such a list is onestep in understanding the nomenclatural ambiguities, clarities, and uncertaintiesinvolved in our geo-nomenclature (for example, is there concensus on the meaning of“certain”, “deposit”, “environment”, “lithology”, “low-angle”, “coarse-grained”, “alluvium”,“plutonic”, “mylonitic”, “fabric”, “unit”, “approximate”, “inferred”). The list also helps inunderstanding the geometric, quantitative, and qualitative relationships that exist amonggeo-terms (“overlies”, “greater than”, “as young as”, “associated with”, “buried by”,“resting on”, “developed on”, “underlies”, “overtops”, “less than”).

< 2000 years ago> 3m above> 50% quartz1:24,000 scale2 micas20 to 80 m above sea level2-mica granites90% confidence limits on the location ofabandonedabundantacid neutralizing capacityacid-rock-drainage potentialactiveadjacent toaeromagnetic dataaeromagnetic survey flight linesage assignments of unitsage between 1345 and 1326 Maage dates


2

age determinedage, how determinedage, who didaggregateaggregate depositsaggregate resources, crushed-sandstone, economicaggregate, concrete, highway-gradealignedalkalic plutonicallochthonous rocksalluvial depositsalluvial fansalluvial thicknesses of 500 ft and greateralluvial-fan deposits dominated by debris-flow depositional processesalluviumalluvium, terracealteration, hydrothermalaltered rockamphibolite faciesanalytical dataancientandesitic volcanic rocksanhydriteanticlines, overturnedanticlines, uprightapatite fission-track cooling-ageaquiferArcheanArchean and Proterozoicare they any good? (data)areasarkosearkosic wackes


3

aspect of 135-270 degreesaspects, northassociated withat surfaceat the surfaceAtlantic Coastal Plain Provinceattitude dataattitude symbols, nth generationAvalon zoneaverageaverage standard-penetration valuesbackarc basinBaraga Groupbasaltbasalt unitsbasaltic unitsbasementbasin fillbasin fill unitsbasis for the identification ofbeach erosionbed thickness less than 1 footbedding attitudes, uprightbedding dips greater than 30 degreesbedding measurementsbedding measurements for which tops are knownbedding thickness less than 6 inchesbedding, overturnedbedding, sedimentarybedrockbedrock geologic mapbedrock geologic unitsbedrock geology


4

bedrock topographybedrock unitsbedrock units, non-intrusivebedrock vs. alluviumbeds, lacustrinebelow other surficial coverbeneathbentonitebetween 10 and 20 m above stream levelbetween 25% and 75%between 450 and 423 Mabetween 60 and 75 ppmbetween X and Y Mabiotabiotiteblack shalebog or peat depositsBouguer gravity-anomaly contoursbreccia, faultbrownish-redburied beneathburied by < 3m of materialcalc-alkaliccalcretecalcrete soil > stage IVcalderacaldera boundaries, approximatecaldera boundaries, certaincaldera boundaries, concealedcaldera margin, outside ofcaldera, intracalderacalderascaliche


5

Cambrian rockscarbon content > 3%carbonate depositscarbonate rock, whether dolostone or limestonecarbonate rockscarbonate, induratedcataclasiscataclastic rockscatastrophic flood depositscavescementationCenozoiccertain (as in fault, certain; contact, certain)channelscharacteristicscharnockiteschertchert and shale combinedchloritizedclastclast populationsclastsclayclay depositsclaystonescliff formingclosed, partlycoalcoal bedscoal deposits, mined-outcoal fieldscoal mines, undergroundcoal seams


6

cobblescobbles, basalticcoexistingcohesive strengthcolluviumcombinedcommoditycompilecompiled fromcompiled sourcescompositioncomposition, alkaliccomposition, calc-alkalicconcrete aggregateconglomeratesconglomeraticconodontconsist mainly ofconsist of two or morecontactcontact, approximatecontact, betweencontact, certaincontact, concealedcontact, depositional, overlying angular unconformitiescontact, gradationalcontact, inferredcontact, separatingcontact, nonconformablecontact, paraconformablecontact, unconformablecontact-metamorphosed zonescontacts, gradational


7

contacts, unconformablecontaincontain more than 50% carbonate rockcontinental breakupcontinental shelfconvegent margin magmatismcooling-age values between X and Y Macopper mines, abandoned (from mineral resource database)cover (noun)cover (verb)CretaceousCretaceous and youngerCretaceous and younger unitscross sectioncross section indicescross section, geologiccross-cutting relationshipscrushed stone (from mineral resource database)cut by thrust faultsdamage zonedamage zone, not pluggeddatadata, analyticaldata, densitydata, redundancydata, sufficientdata, sourcesdebris flowdebris flowsdebris-flow depositdecay constantsdeepdeep-seated landslides


8

definedeformation, syndepositionaldenser thandeposited indepositional processesdepositsdeposits, aggregatedeposits, alluvialdeposits, alluvium, terracedeposits, bog or peatdeposits, carbonatedeposits, claydeposits, coal, mined-outdeposits, debris-avalanchedeposits, debris-fandeposits, debris-flowdeposits, domedeposits, driftdeposits, eoliandeposits, eolian siltdeposits, evaporitedeposits, flooddeposits, glacialdeposits, glacial bogdeposits, glacial, on specified bedrock unitdeposits, glacial, sandydeposits, gold, placerdeposits, graveldeposits, impermeabledeposits, karstdeposits, lacustrinedeposits, lahardeposits, lake


9

deposits, lava-flowdeposits, leveedeposits, loessdeposits, massive sulfidedeposits, morainedeposits, mudrockdeposits, Neogenedeposits, outwashdeposits, outwash, Chippewa lobedeposits, phosphatedeposits, playadeposits, pull-apart basindeposits, pumicedeposits, pyroclastic-flowdeposits, sanddeposits, sand and graveldeposits, sandstonedeposits, sedimentary, nonmarinedeposits, skarndeposits, slope-failuredeposits, surficialdeposits, terracedeposits, tilldeposits, tsunamideposits, unconsolidateddeposits, volcanicdepth estimatesdepth to basementderived fromdeveloped overdevitrifiedDevonianDevonian, middle


10

dextral movementdiamictons less than 2 m thickdikesdikes, clasticdikes, rhyolitedip direction, reversal ofdip directionsdip informationdips greater than 45 degreesdips northwestward greater than 25 degreesdisplacement (fault)distribution and thicknessdivergent margin magmatismdistribution ofdocumented (confidence measure)dolomitedolostonedominant lithology (> 50%)dominated bydownhill directiondrain (verb)drainage basindrainage linedrainage patterndraw a map of my groupingsdrill holesdune migrationsdunesearthflowseconomic mineral potentialedge effects (as in map edge or map boundary)ejecta blanketselement


11

elemental abundancesenvironmentenvironments, barrier-barenvironments, intertidalenvironments, oxygen-deficientenvironments, platform-marginenvironments, strand-plaineolian sandeolian sand <5%epithermal gold systemseskersexcavatable, easilyexceeds 4.0 degrees Cexposuresextensionalextrapolationfaultfault intersectionfault movementfault rocksfault scarps that slope 15 to 25 degreesfault system, namedfault system, transformfault zones, Brevard and Mountain Runfault zones, namedfault, namedfault, normalfault, reversefault, specifiedfault, specified, surface trace offault, strike-slip, dextralfault, strike-slip, sinistralfaults


12

faults (by type)faults, activefaults, approximatefaults, certainfaults, circular patternfaults, clusteredfaults, concealedfaults, dipping 60 degrees or greaterfaults, high-anglefaults, historically activefaults, inferredfaults, listricfaults, low-anglefaults, normalfaults, nth generationfaults, reversefaults, specified agefaults, specified typefaults, strike-slipfaults, strike-slip, left-lateralfaults, strike-slip, right-lateralfaults, thrustfaults, thrust, blindfaults, thrust, reactivatedfaunal assemblagesfaunal provinciality, Celticfelsicfield investigationfilled withfine-grainedfine-grained quartzitefission-track cooling-ageflanking


13

flight lineflood basaltflood plainflood plain, 100-yearflow foliation, magmaticfluvial depositsfold, namedfolds (by type)folds, approximatefolds, certainfolds, concealedfolds, inferredfolds, nth generationfoliatedfoliationfoliation measurementsfoliation surface, singlefoliations, regionalforelandformationFormationformation polygonsformation xFormation YFormationsformationsfossilfossil clamsfossil localitiesfossil localities that conflict with age assignments of unitsfossil locationsfossilsfossils, trilobite


14

fracture densityfracture spacing, closefracture spacing, denser thanfracturesfractures, in bedrockfractures, openfractures, partly closed by calichefractures, without calcite fillgarnetgarnet, progradegasgas fieldsgeneralize the mapgeneralizedgeochemical analysesgeochemical signaturegeochemically differentiate (verb)geochemistrygeologic belt, regionalgeologic descriptiongeologic hazard potentialgeologic map, completegeologic map, generalizedgeologic province, regionalgeologic quadranglesgeologic terrane, regionalgeologic zone, regionalgeologic-map unitsgeophysical gridgeothermal gradientglacial activityglacial limit, all-timeglacial striae


15

glacial striae, more than one setglacial striae, superimposedglauconiteglauconite-bearing rocksgneissose rockgoldgold minesgold occurrencesgrain size, sandgranitesgranites, hypersolvusgranitic intrusionsgranitic rockgranitic rocks that have more K2O than Na2Ogranitoid rocksgranodioritesgranulite-faciesgraptolite zonegravelgravel pitsgravity analysisgravity measurementsgreat enough togreater than 15 feet thickgreater than 2 m thickgreater than 20 feet thickgreater than 36 inches thickgreater than 4 feet in thicknessgreater than 5% by volumegreater than 7% siltgreater that 10 feet thickgreater that 2 km in lengthgreenschist facies


16

greenschist facies, at leastgreenschist-facies mafic volcanic rocksgroove castsground truthgroundmass, fine-grainedgroundwater flow, shallowGroupGroup level or equivalentgroupedguessgypsumhabitat, desert tortoisehanging-wall rock unitshard rocksharzburgites, tectonizedhas 25 feet or less of glacial coverhigh-levelhigh-sinuosityHoloceneHolocene, latehornblende, magmatichornblende, progradehornblende-bearinghow many different rock typeshydraulic conductivityhydrogeochemical characteristics, generalhypabyssal rocksiceberg scoursice-flow directionsigneous rock units, extrusiveigneous rock units, intrusiveigneous rocksigneous rocks, basic


17

ilmenite-bearingin the last 12,000 yearsin the upper 10 cmin their upper partinclude theincremented by 10%index mapinduratedinferred to beinner-gorges (geomorphology)interpretiveintersectintersectsintrudeintruded byintrusions intointrusions, graniticintrusions, plutonic, felsicintrusive contactsintrusive rocksintrusive rocks, felsicintrusive rocks, maficintrusive rocks, subvolcanicintrusives/extrusivesisotopeisotope systemsIsotope, radiogenicIsotope, stableisotopic abundancesisotopic ratiosisotopic ratios, initialjoint sets, orthogonaljoints


18

JurassicJurassic/Cretaceouskarst areas, probablekimberlitesKimmeridgianKiokee beltsknown (adjective)known ageKyanitelaboratory, chemicallaboratory, dry chemistrylaboratory, isotopelaboratory, wet chemistrylacustrine bedslacustrine originlaharslake, bed oflakeslakes, modernlandformslandforms, glacial, streamlinedlandforms, glacially streamlinedlandslide depositslandslide scarps, approximatelandslide scarps, certainlandslide scarps, concealedlandslidesLaramidelarger than 0.5 halatitudeLava Creek B tephralava flows, basaltlayering, cumulus


19

layering, macrorhythmicless than 10,000 yrs oldless than 3 m ofless than 50 feetless than 500lb/square ftlie within 50 km oflikely to havelimestonelimestone, high-calciumlimestone, moldiclimestoneslimestones, lacustrinelineaments, regionallineation measurementslineslines and polygons, map units mapped as bothlines only, map units are mapped asliquidlithogeochemical maplithologic characteristics, generallithologic classification, customizedlithologic classification, standardlithologic maplobe (glacial)locate themselves (geology allows users to)location oflocationslogslongitudelower thanmade upmaficmafic to ultramafic


20

magmatism, convegent marginmagmatism, divergent marginmagnetic analysismagnetic anomalies with amplitudes of 100 nT and greatermagnetic survey location, ground basedmagnetic susceptibilitymagnitude 6 or greater earthquakemap areamap elementmap legendmap notes citedmap setmap unitsmap-unit identificationmap-unit identification is little more than a guessmarblemarinemarine, deepmarine, nearshoremarine, shallowMarquette Range Supergroupmassivematerialmaterial propertiesmaximum areal limits within whichmaximum extentmaximum extent ofmean density, bulkmeasured sectionsmeasurements, accuracy ofmeasurements, precision ofMembermembers


21

MembersMesoproterozoicMesozoicmetacarbonate rockmetadatametamorphicmetamorphic rocksMetamorphic Suitemetamorphic terranemetamorphic terrane, granulite faciesmetamorphism, retrogressivemetamorphosedmetasedimentary rocksmeteor impacts, buriedMid-continent riftmine tailingsmineralmineralization, sulfidemineralogic datamineralogyminesmines, abandonedmines, activemining sites, surface, abandonedMioceneMississippianmodal analysismoisture content, bedrockmolybdenite prospects (from mineral resource database)molybdenite traces (from mineral resource database)moraine, terminalmorainesmoraines, end


22

moraines, recessional, largemore K2O than Na2Omore than 1 m thickmore than 15% claymore than 5 metersmore than 50% carbonate rockmore than 50% of the map unitmore that 100 feet from the high water markmovement within the last 100 years, documentedmovement, during the Holocenemudrockmultiplemultiple structural orientationsmuscovite, magmaticmuscovite, progrademylonitic fabricsnames of all Eocene unitsNeogenenickel in lake sedimentsnonmarineobsidianoccurrencesoccurs within 1 kmoffsetoffset, unknown amount ofoil fieldsoil well locationsoil-stained rockolder thanon slopes steeper than 10 degreesonly the youngestophioliteophiolite assemblage


23

organic terraneorganic-richorientation oforientation, preferredoriginorogenyorthogneissesoutcrop identificationoutcrop patternoutcropsoverlieoverlie angular unconformitiesoverlie unitsoverturnedOxfordian Stagepaleontological analysispaleontological datapaleontological studiespaleostress indicatorsPaleozoicPaleozoic and older rocksparent rock type, originatingpart of anparticle-size distributionpatterns resemblepeatpeat deposits, organic-richPennsylvanianpercent gravelperformed at the Royal Ontario Museum geochronology labpermafrostpermafrost, discontinuouspermeabilities over 1 md


24

permeabilitypermeablePermianperturbpetrologic classification based on modal analysisPhanerozoicpillow lavaspillowsplagiarizedplanar point featuresplayasPleistocenePleistocene, earlyPleistocene, middlePliocene sedimentsPliocene, latePliocene, late or youngerplutonicplutonic felsic rocksplutonic igneous rocksplutonic intrusionsplutonic intrusions, felsicplutonic intrusions, intermediateplutonic intrusions, maficplutonic rocksplutonic rocks, porphyriticplutonic, alkalicplutonspolygonspolygons mapped as (each map unit symbol in turn)polygons mapped as open waterpolygons that contain sample pointspolyphase


25

poor conditions forporosityporousporphyriticPrecambrianpredominantly composed ofprimaryprimary porositiesProterozoicProterozoic rocksProterozoic rocks, earlyProterozoic, earlyprotoliths, igneous plutonic, felsicprovenancespublished after 1985pull-apart basinpumicepyroclastic flowquarries, abandoned Berea Sandstonequarries, sand and gravel, activequartziteQuaternaryQuaternary alluviumQuaternary coverQuaternary faultradiogenic isotope ratios (initial)radiometric age dataradiometric agesradon gasrake of 45 to 60 degreesrangeratio is greater than 2:1ratio, mudrock:grainrock, greater than 2:1


26

reactivatedreasonably closerecentrecharge areasreclamationreclassification of rock units, customizedreclassification of rock units, standardreclassifying surficial depositsrecreational gold pannerredreferencesreferences citedreferences for U-Pb zircon dates by ion microprobe (from national geochronological

database)regional extentregional geologic beltregional geologic provinceregional geologic terraneregional geologic zonerelative movementreliabilityreliablerelictreversely polarizedreversely-magnetizedreversely-magnetized basalt flowsrhyoliterip-rap sourcesriver plainsriver plains, high-sinuosityrivers, modernrock bodies (map units)rock outcrops


27

rock typerock types in a listrock unitsrock units denser than 2.67 g/ccrockfall potentialrumorsample localitiessamplessandsand and gravelsand sourcessandstonesandstone, cleansandstone, coarsesandstone, conglomeraticsandstone, pebbly conglomeratic, constitutes more than 50% of the map unitsandstone-mudrock sequencessandstonessandy glacial depositssanidinesanidine 40Ar/39Arscale of data validityscarps, faultscarps, landslidescarps, slope-movementscratch boundariesSection (PLSS unit)sedimentarysedimentary beddingsedimentary rockssedimentary rockssediments, marinesediments, terrestrial


28

sediments, unconsolidatedseeps, oilseismicity, alignments ofseleniteseparatingsequences deposited inshaleshale, blackshale, combined withshale, dips northwestward greater than 25 degrees on slopes steeper than 10 degreesshalesshaly faciesshear strengths (phi values)shear zonesshearing (noun)shear-wave velocity less than 200 meters per secondshoreface units, lowershorelines, glacial lakeshorelines, marine, raisedshorelines, recentshrink-swell (adjective)silicic plutonic rockssilicic volcanic rockssiliciclasticsillimanitesillssiltsilt >5%siltstonesimilar to a particular rocksinistral movementsinkholessites


29

skarn depositsslope exceeds 20%slope more steeply thanslope movementslope movementsslope-failure depositsslopes less than 3%slopes steeper than 10 degreesslump blockssmectitesoil development, significant lack ofsoil, residualsoilssoils, Av horizonssoils, Av horizons, weaksoils, cryptogamicsoils, liquefiablesoils, serpentinesources for compilationspatial variation (semi-variance?)specify groupingsspringsstacked unitsstained brownish-redstandard-penetration valuesstationsstatistical error in the datasteepsteep terrain, areas containingsteeper than 15 degreessteeply dippingstock (igneous)stratigraphic


30

stratigraphic contactstratigraphic equivalentsstratigraphic orderstratigraphic relationship of all unitsstratigraphic unitsstratigraphic units, namedstratigraphically abovestream depositsstrike & dipstrike is between 80 and 110 degreesstructural trends, regionalstructures, sedimentarysubdivisionssulfur attribute valuesSupergroupsuperimpose all (verb)superimposedsurface armorsurface materialssurface materials mapsurface rockssurface roughness valuesurface, uppersurficial depositssurficial geologic mapsurficial materialsurficial materialssurficial sedimentssusceptiblesusceptible to landslidessuspected agesyenitic rockssymbols


31

symbols, geologicsymbols, linearsymbols, lineations, mineral elongationsymbols, lineations, stretchingsymbols, planarsymbols, strike/dipsynclines, overturnedsynclines, uprighttalctechniquestectonized harzburgitestephraterrace depositsterracesterraces, marineterraneterrane, Carolinaterrane, metamorphicterranesTertiaryTertiary, middletextual descriptionstextural properties (fractal dimension)textures, cumulatetextures, porphyriticthat containthe most biotitethicker than one meterthickness ofthrust faultsthrust faults, blindthrust faults, of the Penokean orogenthrust faults, reactivated


32

thrust, low-angletilltill bluffs over 15 feet hightill depositstill, calcareoustill, clayey lodgementtill, clay-richtill, lodgementtill, thicktime slicetitaniteTOC (total organic carbon) attribute values in excess of 1%too small to show astopographic reliefTownship (PLSS)trace amounts oftransport direction oftrendtrend, NW-SETriassicTriassic agetriggered bytrilobitetruncate or offset (verb)tsunami depositstuffstuffs, ashflow, weldedturbiditeturbiditesTyee Sandstone, dipping westtype sectiontype section localityU/Pb age determinations


33

U/Pb methodultrabasic rocksultramaficunconformable contactsunconformitiesunconformities, angularunconformityunconformity, angular, specifiedunconsolidatedunconsolidated depositsunderunderlain byunderlieundivided Supergroups or Groupsunitunit boundariesunit Tvbunit, separate (adjective)unitsunits, basaltunits, basalticunits, basin fillunits, bedrockunits, Cambrianunits, cyclicunits, graniticunits, grouping of customizedunits, grouping of, standardunits, limestoneunits, mapped undividedunits, non-metamorphicunits, Quaternaryunits, sand and gravel


34

units, sedimentaryunits, stratifiedunits, surficial geologicU-Pb zircon agesuranium, whole-rockuseable scale range of the datauser geographic referenceU-series dates < 130 kavalleys, buriedvalues between X and Y Mavarious partsvegetationvergencevolcanic brecciavolcanic depositsvolcanic eruptions, recentvolcanic flows, recentvolcanic rocksvolcanic rocks, andesiticvolcanic rocks, basalticvolcanic rocks, bimodalvolcanic rocks, maficvolumewackes, arkosicwater levelswater tablewater wellswavelet (geophysics)weakweathered, highlyweathered, moderatelyweldedwell bedded


35

well datawell preservedwell sortedwell-developedwellswells, activewells, gaswells, oilwell-sortedwell-sorted, cleanwetlandswhat is the definition of?what orientations?what probability?what scale?White River Groupwhite rockswho mapped?who?wider than 2 mWisconsin agewith greater thanwith immediately youngerwithin 1.5 m of the surfacewithin 10 feet of the surfacewithin 150 feet of the surfacewithin 2 km ofwithin 2 km ofwithin 2 m of the surfacewithin 2 m of the surfacewithin 20 degrees of east-west orientationwithin 3 m of a streamwithin 3 m of the surface


36

written communicationx,y,z informationyoungeryounger thanyounger than 10 Mayounger than 28 Mazoned

GEOLOGIC NOUNS, VERBS, ADJECTIVES, … flood deposits, glacial deposits, glacial bog deposits,...

Documents

Transcript of GEOLOGIC NOUNS, VERBS, ADJECTIVES, … flood deposits, glacial deposits, glacial bog deposits,...