Geography…Geography…

What is it?What is it?

-Comes from a Greek word that means the “Earth’s Description.”

-The science of studying the earth as a home for humans.

Geography & Me…Geography & Me…

Why would I need Why would I need Geography?Geography?•Reading maps

•Vacations or moving

•Terrain awareness

•Etc.Stranded!

Geography and the Geography and the SharksSharks

How are directions given on How are directions given on water?water?

--LATITUDE and LONGITUDELATITUDE and LONGITUDE--

LatitudeLatitude- - The distance North or South of The distance North or South of the Equatorthe Equator

LongitudeLongitude- - The distance east or West of The distance east or West of the Prime Meridian.the Prime Meridian.

In what ways can you In what ways can you describe the size of describe the size of Georgia?Georgia?

Georgia is the 24Georgia is the 24thth largest state in the largest state in the nationnation

Area:Area: 59,489 square miles 59,489 square miles

Greatest width:Greatest width: 250 miles 250 miles

Greatest length:Greatest length: 315 miles 315 miles

22ndnd largest state in southeast largest state in southeast..

How can you describe the How can you describe the location of Georgia?location of Georgia?

States:States: ( (SurroundingSurrounding))

Alabama, Florida, Tennessee, North Alabama, Florida, Tennessee, North Carolina, South CarolinaCarolina, South Carolina

Bodies of water:Bodies of water:

Atlantic OceanAtlantic Ocean

All states are divided into All states are divided into countiescounties

Georgia hasGeorgia has 159 counties159 counties

Smallest:Smallest: ClarkClark

Largest:Largest: WareWare

In what county is theIn what county is the Geographic centerGeographic center of of Georgia located?Georgia located?

Twiggs CountyTwiggs County

From North to SouthFrom North to SouthHow does the physical geography change in the How does the physical geography change in the

state from north to south?state from north to south?

Flat Plains-MountainsFlat Plains-MountainsIn the Middle?In the Middle?

The elevation in Georgia increases the farther The elevation in Georgia increases the farther north you travel.north you travel.

Why are elevation and physical Why are elevation and physical characteristics of a state good characteristics of a state good things to know? things to know?

Jobs?Jobs?

5 Geographic Regions of GA.5 Geographic Regions of GA.

Appalachian PlateauAppalachian Plateau Blue Ridge Blue Ridge Ridge and ValleyRidge and Valley PiedmontPiedmont Coastal PlainsCoastal Plains

Appalachian PlateauAppalachian Plateau Smallest regionSmallest region Located in north west corner of the stateLocated in north west corner of the state Consist of 2 mountain plateaus- Consist of 2 mountain plateaus- Lookout Lookout

Mt.Mt. and and Sand Mt.Sand Mt. Made up of 2 counties- Made up of 2 counties- Dade & WalkerDade & Walker Referred to as Referred to as TAG CornerTAG Corner because you because you

can see Tennessee, Alabama , and can see Tennessee, Alabama , and Georgia from Lookout Mt.Georgia from Lookout Mt.

Start of the Start of the Appalachian TrailAppalachian Trail

Blue RidgeBlue Ridge

Home to the highest and largest mountains Home to the highest and largest mountains in Georgiain Georgia

Highest mountain in Georgia located here-Highest mountain in Georgia located here- Brasstown BaldBrasstown Bald

The Mountains are responsible for much of The Mountains are responsible for much of thethe precipitationprecipitation in the state by blocking in in the state by blocking in the warm air from the Gulfthe warm air from the Gulf

Cities located in this region…Helen, Cities located in this region…Helen, Cleveland, and BlairsvilleCleveland, and Blairsville

Ridge and ValleyRidge and Valley

Narrow ridges and low open valleysNarrow ridges and low open valleys Flat and fertile farm landFlat and fertile farm land Polk to Barrow Counties north toward Polk to Barrow Counties north toward

Chattanooga, TNChattanooga, TN Dalton, GA Dalton, GA ““Carpet Capital of the World”Carpet Capital of the World”

PiedmontPiedmont Begins in the foothills and goes to the central Begins in the foothills and goes to the central

part of the state.part of the state. Piedmont- “Piedmont- “foot of mountainsfoot of mountains”” Approx. Approx. ½ of the state’s population lives ½ of the state’s population lives

herehere Was the cotton belt in antebellum days.Was the cotton belt in antebellum days. Largest cities are Atlanta, Athens, and Largest cities are Atlanta, Athens, and

MilledgevilleMilledgeville

Coastal PlainsCoastal Plains Occupies 3/5ths of state, Largest regionOccupies 3/5ths of state, Largest region Divided into the Divided into the Inner PlainsInner Plains and and Outer Outer

PlainsPlains Inner Plains-Inner Plains- a majority of agriculture in a majority of agriculture in

the state in this areathe state in this area Outer Plains-Outer Plains- does not have well drained does not have well drained

soil. Okefenokee Swamp located heresoil. Okefenokee Swamp located here Consists of Marshes and barrier islandsConsists of Marshes and barrier islands

Fall LineFall Line

Separates Coastal Plain and Piedmont Separates Coastal Plain and Piedmont regionsregions

From Columbus on west through Macon and From Columbus on west through Macon and AugustaAugusta

Many WaterfallsMany Waterfalls Many mining operationsMany mining operations large deposits of minerals like Kaolin large deposits of minerals like Kaolin

1- What is another name for the 1- What is another name for the Appalachian Plateau?Appalachian Plateau?

2- What is the name of the highest 2- What is the name of the highest Mt. in Georgia?Mt. in Georgia?

3- Define geography?3- Define geography?

4- Where is the “Carpet Capital of 4- Where is the “Carpet Capital of the World”, region/city?the World”, region/city?

5- In what region does ½ of 5- In what region does ½ of the state’s population reside?the state’s population reside?

6- Define Latitude/Longitude.6- Define Latitude/Longitude.

7- What two regions does the 7- What two regions does the Fall Line separate?Fall Line separate?

8- What five states border 8- What five states border Georgia?Georgia?

9- What are Georgia’s 9- What are Georgia’s smallest/largest counties?smallest/largest counties?

10- This section of the 10- This section of the coastal plains region is coastal plains region is characterized by marshes, characterized by marshes, swamps and barrier islands.swamps and barrier islands.

Okefenokee SwampOkefenokee Swamp Located in near Folkston and Waycross in Located in near Folkston and Waycross in

the the outer coastal plains.outer coastal plains. Largest swamp in the State.Largest swamp in the State. Covers ½ million acres.Covers ½ million acres. Name means “Name means “Land of the trembling earthLand of the trembling earth”” Home to many endangered speciesHome to many endangered species

Barrier IslandsBarrier Islands The barrier Islands protect the mainland and The barrier Islands protect the mainland and

marshes the erosion caused by marshes the erosion caused by windwind and and waveswaves..

Barrier Islands-Jekyll, St. Simons, Barrier Islands-Jekyll, St. Simons, Cumberland, etc.Cumberland, etc.

Climate and WeatherClimate and Weather

ClimateClimate- refers to weather in a region - refers to weather in a region over a period of timeover a period of time

WeatherWeather-refers to day-to-day changes in -refers to day-to-day changes in temp, precipitation, wind, etc.temp, precipitation, wind, etc.

Average temp of GA is approx. 65 Average temp of GA is approx. 65 degreesdegrees

Air QualityAir Quality

OzoneOzone is a protective layer in the upper is a protective layer in the upper atmosphere that reduces the suns harmful raysatmosphere that reduces the suns harmful rays

When ozone layer is low it can be harmful When ozone layer is low it can be harmful ((SmogSmog) to human health) to human health

Transportation contributes to the ozone Transportation contributes to the ozone problem especially in urban areasproblem especially in urban areas

Alternate fuel sources may reduce this problemAlternate fuel sources may reduce this problem

Precipitation Precipitation

Snow from Mts. melts and provides Snow from Mts. melts and provides runoff to the lakes, rivers and streams runoff to the lakes, rivers and streams that feed the state.that feed the state.

GA averages 42-76 in. of rain per year GA averages 42-76 in. of rain per year according to the regionaccording to the region

1994 Flood occurred when it rained 23 in. 1994 Flood occurred when it rained 23 in. In one week.In one week.

WindsWinds Affects the weather patterns in GAAffects the weather patterns in GA Warm months wind comes from the Warm months wind comes from the GulfGulf

and the and the AtlanticAtlantic Cold air from Cold air from CanadaCanada and and AlaskaAlaska Wind CurrentsWind Currents: a continuous movement or : a continuous movement or

flow of air.flow of air. Explorers use the Explorers use the Trade WindsTrade Winds to sail to sail

toward the New World and returned home toward the New World and returned home on the on the WesterliesWesterlies..

Ocean CurrentsOcean Currents

71% of world is covered in water71% of world is covered in water 5 main oceans: 5 main oceans: AtlanticAtlantic Pacific Pacific Artic Artic Antarctic Antarctic IndianIndian

Hurricanes Hurricanes

Created when warm waters (80+) Created when warm waters (80+) transform heat energy into strong winds transform heat energy into strong winds and heavy waves.and heavy waves.

Hurricane season is from Hurricane season is from June-NovJune-Nov Hurricane strength is measured from 1-5Hurricane strength is measured from 1-5 Level 5- 155 mph winds and 18ft+ wavesLevel 5- 155 mph winds and 18ft+ waves

TornadoesTornadoes

GA has average of 19 tornadoes per yearGA has average of 19 tornadoes per year Most damaging are referred to as Most damaging are referred to as maxis-maxis-

200mph+ winds200mph+ winds Appear and end suddenly Appear and end suddenly Highly unpredictableHighly unpredictable Tornado season from Tornado season from March-July March-July

QuizQuiz1-____refers to weather in a region over a 1-____refers to weather in a region over a

period of time.period of time.2-____is the protective layer usually found in 2-____is the protective layer usually found in

the upper atmosphere that protects us from the upper atmosphere that protects us from the sun’s harmful rays.the sun’s harmful rays.

3-____are a continuous movement or flow of 3-____are a continuous movement or flow of air.air.

4- Barrier Islands protect the mainland and 4- Barrier Islands protect the mainland and marshes from erosion caused by ____ and marshes from erosion caused by ____ and _____ ._____ .

5-There are ____ main oceans.5-There are ____ main oceans.

Version 1

6- June-November is the ____season.6- June-November is the ____season.

7-The _______ is known as the Land of the 7-The _______ is known as the Land of the trembling earth.trembling earth.

8. Which region is referred to as the TAG 8. Which region is referred to as the TAG corner?corner?

9-What is the name of the tallest Mt. in Georgia?9-What is the name of the tallest Mt. in Georgia?

10-Dalton Georgia is known as the ____.10-Dalton Georgia is known as the ____.

RiversRivers Georgia has 12 principal river Georgia has 12 principal river

systemssystems Savannah RiverSavannah River Chattahoochee RiverChattahoochee River Flint RiverFlint River Altamaha RiverAltamaha River

Savannah RiverSavannah River

Indian Name: Indian Name: IsondegaIsondega- “- “Blue Blue Water”Water”

314 miles long314 miles long Major sea port at SavannahMajor sea port at Savannah Flows directly into Atlantic OceanFlows directly into Atlantic Ocean

Chattahoochee RiverChattahoochee River

Indian Name- “Indian Name- “River of painted rockRiver of painted rock”” 436 miles long436 miles long Pollution has made it one of the 10 most Pollution has made it one of the 10 most

polluted rivers in the nationpolluted rivers in the nation

Flint RiverFlint River

Runs through AlbanyRuns through Albany 256 miles long256 miles long Empties into Lake SeminoleEmpties into Lake Seminole

Altamaha RiverAltamaha River

Indian Name: “Indian Name: “Chief’s LodgeChief’s Lodge”” Empties into Atlantic Ocean at Darien, GAEmpties into Atlantic Ocean at Darien, GA

LakesLakes Georgia has Georgia has NONO large natural lakes large natural lakes 6 artificial lakes that provide recreation, 6 artificial lakes that provide recreation,

reservoirs, hydroelectric powerreservoirs, hydroelectric power 6 lakes- 6 lakes- Lake Allatoona, Lake Allatoona, Carter Lake, Carter Lake, Lake Lanier, Lake Lanier, Lake Walter George, Lake Walter George, West Point Lake, West Point Lake, Lake SeminoleLake Seminole

Flora and FaunaFlora and Fauna FloraFlora refers to natural vegetation of the land refers to natural vegetation of the land FaunaFauna refers to the animal life of the land refers to the animal life of the land

Trees and PlantsTrees and Plants GA has twice the national average of land GA has twice the national average of land

covered in treescovered in trees The most well-known trees-The most well-known trees-PecanPecan and and PeachPeach Pine trees for pulp productionPine trees for pulp production KudzuKudzu vine brought to America from Japan to vine brought to America from Japan to

stop soil erosion; not effectivestop soil erosion; not effective

Kudzu

Georgia WildlifeGeorgia Wildlife

MammalsMammals Over 40 species found in GAOver 40 species found in GA Whitetail Deer was almost extinct in early Whitetail Deer was almost extinct in early

1900’s, but is now found in all 159 counties1900’s, but is now found in all 159 counties

BirdsBirds Home to the Bald EagleHome to the Bald Eagle Quail, Dove and Quail, Dove and Brown ThrasherBrown Thrasher**

QuizQuiz1-What is the name of the highest Mt. in 1-What is the name of the highest Mt. in

Georgia?Georgia?2- ____refers to temperature in a region 2- ____refers to temperature in a region

over a period of time.over a period of time.3-3- Where is the “Carpet Capital of the Where is the “Carpet Capital of the

World”, region?World”, region?4- June-November is the ____season. 4- June-November is the ____season. 5- In what region does ½ of the state’s 5- In what region does ½ of the state’s

population reside?population reside?6- This section of the coastal plains region 6- This section of the coastal plains region

is characterized by marshes, swamps and is characterized by marshes, swamps and barrier islands.barrier islands.

Version 3

QuizQuiz7- ______ is Georgia’s smallest county and 7- ______ is Georgia’s smallest county and

______ is the largest county.______ is the largest county.

8- Which river serves as the western border 8- Which river serves as the western border for the state of Georgia? It’s name means for the state of Georgia? It’s name means “river of painted rocks.”“river of painted rocks.”

9- Georgia has how many large natural 9- Georgia has how many large natural lakes?lakes?

10- Fauna refers to the _____ life of the land.10- Fauna refers to the _____ life of the land.

BonusBonus

a.- Name 5 of the six large artificial lakes a.- Name 5 of the six large artificial lakes that provide hydroelectric power in that provide hydroelectric power in Georgia Georgia

_______, _______, ________,________,________, and ________,________,________, and ________.________.

BonusBonus

b. The continuous flow or movement of b. The continuous flow or movement of air is called__________.air is called__________.

BonusBonus

c. The two counties that make up the c. The two counties that make up the Appalachian Plateau are _______ and Appalachian Plateau are _______ and ______________

BonusBonus

d. Label the map on the board.d. Label the map on the board.

BonusBonus

e. During the warm months in Georgia, e. During the warm months in Georgia, the winds come from the the winds come from the

_____ and the ___________ and the ______