Geography Ruhr Vs. Manchuria

Geography 4500Dr. Fahrer

Manchuria Vs. Ruhr Valley (China Vs. Germany)By: Jeff Bahls

8 November 2010

Manchuria Vs. Ruhr Valley (China Vs. Germany)


Maps at 200 mile scale, with the respective regions shaded in

In both cases these regions serve as the Core Industrial area for their respective countries.


Both these regions have gone through several changes, and I would say the most traumatic changes since the 1850’s to present day.

Both areas have an abundance of ‘like’ resources that were critical for the industrial revolution.

Both have had other countries try to take these regions or control these regions.

Both experienced huge booms in population.

Both had massive devastation in various forms.

Both have diverse religious views.


Where is Manchuria?

Formally the region we consider to be Manchuria is actually much larger when considering population perspectives; Especially when we consider Japanese, Tibetans, Russian, Korean, and Chinese influences.


Korea Japan

RussiaMongolia

Valley Region


Manchuria was originally settled by Tongus and Mongul nomads that became the Manchus. The Manchus had conquered all of China, but then were pushed back again. (See Time Line at the End. The region was heavily influenced by the Russians, then the Japanese, Soviet Union, and Finally Communist China. The Area in pink is still under protest between Russia and China.

Manchuria Vs. Ruhr Valley (China Vs. Germany)Where is the Ruhr Valley?


During the 1870’s a large Turkish immigration took place thanks in part to the extensive rail system. But given the importance of the region, many people come from France, Belgium, and the Netherlands.


Denmark

Netherlands

Belgium

Norway

Rotterdam

Luxemburg

France


lignite, generally yellow to dark brown or rarely black coal that formed from peat at shallow depths and temperatures lower than 100 °C (212 °F). It is the first product of coalification and is intermediate between peat and subbituminous coa

Resources: The Cause of these Regions Problems.

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic-art/340825/113767/A-lignite-mine-in-Konin-Pol

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/122863/coal

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/448229/peat

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/123030/coalification

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/570576/subbituminous-coal

http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/570576/subbituminous-coal


C = coalPet = petrolMo = MolybdenumThe Circle with 4th quad shaded = copperMn = ManganeseM = MicaSquare with ‘x’ in it = Iron Ore (Pink)Square within Square = MeerschaumTriangle = AluminaLig = LigniteSquare with ‘x’ in it = Iron & Steel (Magenta)Pb = leadZn = Zinc

Previous Slide Map Key


Not only were the two regions rich with natural resources, they were major food production centers as well.


Climate Chart for Cologne, Germany Climate Chart for Changchun

Weather and Climate

Weather fluctuates much more in Manchuria due to the large land mass and systems coming out of Mongolia. The Ruhr also has a more

consistent rain fall. They both produce wheat as well as other crops.


In China, sorghum is fermented and distilled to produce maotai, which is regarded as one of the country's most famous liquors. Sorghum was ground and the flour was the main alternative to wheat in north China for a long time.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maotai


Typical picture of a communist worker in Industrial Manchuria


1870’s Population Chart comparing those born in Duisburg (Situated within the heart of the Ruhr Valley between the Rhine and Ruhr Rivers, to those that immigrated. This coincides with the development of the Railroad throughout the country.


Current picture of the Ruhr Valley

Manchuria Vs. Ruhr Valley (China Vs. Germany)Tactical Plans for the Soviet Invasion of Manchuria

(early 1945)

Manchuria Vs. Ruhr Valley (China Vs. Germany)Aftermath of WWII Allied bombing of Cologne, note that the allies took great care in not destroying the cathedral.


1850 1860 1870 1880 1930 1940 19501890 1900 1910 1920

1894 Although not controlled by J apan it is heav ily influenced, Manchurian warlods seek help of J apan to gain control

1931 - 1945 J apan Controls Manchuria

1945 Sov iet Union invades and strips 50% of Ind. Equipment. 1946 China regained control

WW I

1850 Coal production is radically increased1870 Iron is production is increased

Timeline Title1873 All major cities in Germany are connected by Railroad

Reparations for WW I Germany is to give France Coal from the

1850-1914 Huge immigration into the Ruhr Valley, a large working pop. is needed for Iron and Coal

WW II

1890's Russians created ExtensiveRail system

1905-05 Russo - J apanese war made J apan the dominant influence.

1912 Manchu fell area now open to Chinese immigration

RUHR VALLEY

MANCHURIA

Currently both countries are working to restore the regions; China trying to re-industrialize and Germany through tourismChina’s ‘Rust Belt started in the 1970’s and Germany in the 1980’s.


After 1912 when the Manchu's lost control of the region and China took over, vast numbers of Chinese not of Nomadic descent moved into the area. Remember that the Russians just prior to this point had been exerted a strong influence for decades. Also note that the rail line goes all the way to Vietnam through Peking.

Manchuria Vs. Ruhr Valley (China Vs. Germany)Germanys and China’s rail system developed roughly at the same time. As with Manchuria which is connected to the capitol as well as several major cities, we see the same type development here. In both cases the rail system helped mass immigration.


Both Regions are reasonably stable, however; there is some plate activity around Japan which is relatively close to Manchuria and in the North Sea (closer to Iceland) which is relatively close to Ruhr Valley.


Religion: Each region due to its importance over history has been exposed to many cultures and religions and while Manchuria has Buddhism followers there are significant numbers of Taoism and Confucianism. In Germany and specifically the Ruhr Valley, Catholicism is the dominate Christian religion, but it has significant numbers of Muslim / Islam (from the Turks) and Lutherans.

Again the rapid mixture of cultures and ideologies stemmed from the need to import mass amounts of people into an area for industrialization, as well as the changing controlling government and its policies.


Questions? Comments? Rebuttals?


Bibliography

www.britannica.com

www.lib.utexas.edu

www.mapsofworld.com/china

www.mapsofworld.com/germany

Bix, Herbert P. (1992), "The Showa Emperor's 'Monologue' and the Problem of War Responsibility", Journal of Japanese Studies 18 (2): 295–363

Hoyt, Edwin P., Japan's War: The Great Pacific Conflict, p.45

Palmer and Colton, A History of Modern World, p.725

Drea, E J. (1984). Missing Intentions : Japanese Intelligence and the Soviet Invasion of Manchuria, 1945. Military Affairs 48(2): 66-73.

Hayashi, S. (1955). Vol. XIII - Study of Strategic and Tactical peculiarities of Far Eastern Russia and Soviet Far East Forces. Japanese Special Studies on Manchuria. Tokyo, Military History Section, Headquarters, Army Forces Far East, US Army.

King, W., C., (1922). King’s Complete History of the World War, The History Associates, Springfield Massachusetts.

Jackson, J., H., (1997) Migration and urbanization in the Ruhr Valley, Humanities Press, Boston Massachusetts.


Bibliographyhttp://geography.howstuffworks.com/asia/geography-of-manchuria.htm

http://rwhiston.wordpress.com/2010/03/18/2/

Moore, W. Robert. "In Manchuria Now." National Geographic (March 1947), 389-414.

James, H., E., M., (1888) The Long White Mountain, or, A journey in Manchuria, pg. 203

Geography Ruhr Vs. Manchuria

Documents

Transcript of Geography Ruhr Vs. Manchuria