GEOGRAPHICAL DIVERSITYOF INDIA

About India

INTRODUCTION

India is one of the ancient civilizations in the world. It has achieved multi-faceted socio-economic progress during the last five decades. It has moved forward displaying remarkable progress in the field of agriculture, industry, technology and overall economic development. India has also contributed significantly to the making of world history.

Position of

India on the

GLOBE

INDIA’SNEIGHBOURIN

GCOUNTRIES

INDIA IS THE 7th LARGEST COUNTRY IN THE WORLD

INDIA: SIZE3.28

million square

km

The land mass of India has an area of 3.28 million square meter.

India has 2.4 % of total land area of the world.

India is the seventh largest country of the World.

It has a boundary of about 15200 km Including Andaman and Nicobar islands and

Lakshadweep.

The latitudinal and longitudinal extent of the mainland is about 30˚. Despite this fact the east-west extent appears to be smaller than the north-south extent. From Gujarat to Arunachal Pradesh there is a time lag of two hours. Hence, time along the Standard Meridian of India (82˚30`E) passing through Mirzapur(in Uttar Pradesh) is taken as the standard time for the whole country . The latitudinal extent influences the duration of the day and night, as one moves from south to north.

LATITUDINAL AND LONGITUDINAL

Geography

India has the second largest population on earth with just over 15% of the worlds population, located on 1.2 million square miles

The Himalayan Mountains separate India from much of the rest of Asia and China

India is basically a peninsula, with the Arabian Sea on the west, the Bay of Bengal on the east, and the Indian Ocean to the south

Rivers flow through India making the land fertile for robust crop growth

Situated on the banks of the river Ganges, Varanasi and Haridwar are considered by all Hindus to be the holiest cities in Hinduism

Many Hindus believe that the water from the Ganges river can cleanse a person's soul of all past sins, and that it can also cure the ill, and is the most important river in India

Great civilizations flourished along the rivers, mountains, plains, and deserts in ancient India

Agriculture

Agriculture is India’s largest industry, involving 2/3 of the population

Major crops are rice, cotton, spices, sugarcane, tea, and many others

India accounts for 10% of the worlds fruit population

India more produces mangos, papayas, and bananas than any other country

Spices are commonly used in India, curry being one of the most popular, blending several spices into a mix that creates the famous intense flavor

Mining

Mining in India is an important economic activity which contributes significantly to the economy of India

Mining in India is an important economic activity which contributes significantly to the economy of India

The main mining products of India are iron ore, bauxite, copper ore, limestone, and petroleum

Iron ore is found all over India

Flint was known and exploited by the inhabitants of the Indus Valley Civilization by the 3rdmillennium BCE

Climate

There were and still are four seasons in India Spring (February-March) Summer (March-mid June) Monsoon (mid June-mid October) Winter (mid October-January)

People of ancient India lived in extreme conditions

April and May are the hottest months of the year

Temperatures rising to 50 C in some parts of the country.

Summer monsoons are when most of the rain comes in

If monsoon season comes late then the agriculture fails

The rainfall in India is unpredictable, there can be long droughts and intense floods

In winter months the temperature can get as low as -5 C

NATURAL RESOURCESOF INDIA.

Brahmaputra River

It begins from the Himalayas The water in river is clear and cold and a great source to drink

from It gets slower and deeper as it moves to the valley making it easy

to collect water In Summer, monsoon rains add more water to the river It meets another river, the Ganges at last The land where two rivers meet, is good for farming and they

farmed in the area It is one of the major rivers of Asia The name of river means ‘son of Brahma” in Sanskrit It is about 1800 miles (2900km)

Deccan Plateau

Triangular-shaped place between two mountain ranges It has different kinds of lands One of the large plateaus in India It has rocks that were from 600 million years ago It is quite dry and the monsoon rains gives most of the water There are three types of soil : Black, Yellow, Red Black soil contains a lot of iron and it is good for growing cotton The yellow and red soils are lack of some minerals Some farmers have hard time growing plants in the yellow and

red soils so it isn’t an ideal spot for farming

Ganges River

One of the major rivers of the Indian Subcontinent It is 1560 miles (2510km) It is decided as India’s National River It starts from Himalayas It contains some of the most fertile farmland in the world It can flood and kill the crops when it is rainy season It has a good water supply because of melting ice The river receives about 25~60 inches of rain a year

Himalaya Mountains

It is located on the northern border of India They are the highest mountain range in the world It is about 5 and a half miles tall The name of mountains mean “home of snows” The peaks are always covered with ice and snow Mountain Everest and K-2 are part of Himalaya mountains It gets slightly taller every year It causes earthquakes and landslides common in the area Some of the major rivers in the world starts in the Himalayas

Indus River

This river also begins from the Himalaya mountains The water is provided from the melting snow and ice Many types of fish live in the river and are good to eat People catch fish and shrimps to sell and eat It has one of the best farmland in the world The river is often compared to the Nile river because both of them

are important source of water It is about 1976miles (3180km) The land beside the river is fertile The name of the river means “lion river”

Thar Desert

The Thar Desert is located in northern India It is mostly made of sand and stone The heat is sometimes unbearable There are barely plants growing in the area Rain is rare in the desert Dusty storms and sand storms occur often Water is unique and precious in Thar desert There are a lot of animals and birds witch made good game There are about 45 types of lizards and snakes

KEEP INDIA

CLEAN AND

GREEN