Genetics Study of Inheritance. Reproduction Asexual – Cell divides, creating an identical daughter...
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Transcript of Genetics Study of Inheritance. Reproduction Asexual – Cell divides, creating an identical daughter...
![Page 1: Genetics Study of Inheritance. Reproduction Asexual – Cell divides, creating an identical daughter cell Sexual – Exchange of genetic material, both parents.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697bfdb1a28abf838cb0547/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Genetics
Study of Inheritance
![Page 2: Genetics Study of Inheritance. Reproduction Asexual – Cell divides, creating an identical daughter cell Sexual – Exchange of genetic material, both parents.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697bfdb1a28abf838cb0547/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Reproduction
• Asexual – Cell divides, creating an
identical daughter cell
• Sexual– Exchange of genetic
material, both parents contribute to fertilization of egg/ovary
– Increases diversity – In Animals Egg & Sperm– In Plants Pollen & Ovary
![Page 3: Genetics Study of Inheritance. Reproduction Asexual – Cell divides, creating an identical daughter cell Sexual – Exchange of genetic material, both parents.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697bfdb1a28abf838cb0547/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Heredity
• We share many similarities with our parents & siblings, but we are not genetically identical due to the mixing of genes
![Page 4: Genetics Study of Inheritance. Reproduction Asexual – Cell divides, creating an identical daughter cell Sexual – Exchange of genetic material, both parents.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697bfdb1a28abf838cb0547/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Chromosomes
• A chromosome is a rod-shaped bundle of DNA
• In sexual reproduction, each “parent” contributes ½ of the offspring’s genetic info– ½ from “mom’s egg” & ½ from
“dad’s sperm”
• The physical characteristics that show are due to “genetics”
![Page 5: Genetics Study of Inheritance. Reproduction Asexual – Cell divides, creating an identical daughter cell Sexual – Exchange of genetic material, both parents.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697bfdb1a28abf838cb0547/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Genes vs Alleles
• A gene is a section of a chromosome that codes for a specific trait– EX: Eye Color
• An allele is a variation of that instruction– EX: Brown vs blue eyes
• Every gene has 2 alleles, which we represent with a single letter (capital or lowercase)– BB or Bb or bb
![Page 6: Genetics Study of Inheritance. Reproduction Asexual – Cell divides, creating an identical daughter cell Sexual – Exchange of genetic material, both parents.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697bfdb1a28abf838cb0547/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Genotype vs Phenotype
• Genotype the Genetic code – BB
• Phenotype the Physical trait – Brown eyes
![Page 7: Genetics Study of Inheritance. Reproduction Asexual – Cell divides, creating an identical daughter cell Sexual – Exchange of genetic material, both parents.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697bfdb1a28abf838cb0547/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Dominant vs Recessive Alleles
• A dominant allele (represented by a capital letter), if present, shows that specific trait– BB or Bb = Brown Eyes
• A recessive allele (represented by a lowercase letter), must have both alleles to show a trait– bb = Blue eyes
![Page 8: Genetics Study of Inheritance. Reproduction Asexual – Cell divides, creating an identical daughter cell Sexual – Exchange of genetic material, both parents.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697bfdb1a28abf838cb0547/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• If both letters are the same, BB or bb, we say it is HOMOZYGOUS (dominant or recessive)
• If both letters are different, Bb, we say it is HETEROZYGOUS
![Page 9: Genetics Study of Inheritance. Reproduction Asexual – Cell divides, creating an identical daughter cell Sexual – Exchange of genetic material, both parents.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697bfdb1a28abf838cb0547/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Look at this…
• HH = Does not have trait
• Hh = Does not show trait, but is a carrier
• hh = shows trait
Trait could be anything inheritable, such as baldness or albinism
![Page 10: Genetics Study of Inheritance. Reproduction Asexual – Cell divides, creating an identical daughter cell Sexual – Exchange of genetic material, both parents.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697bfdb1a28abf838cb0547/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Let’s watch this video…
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CBezq1fFUEA
![Page 11: Genetics Study of Inheritance. Reproduction Asexual – Cell divides, creating an identical daughter cell Sexual – Exchange of genetic material, both parents.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697bfdb1a28abf838cb0547/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Punnett Squares
• We can predict the outcome of offspring by using a PUNNETT SQUARE
![Page 12: Genetics Study of Inheritance. Reproduction Asexual – Cell divides, creating an identical daughter cell Sexual – Exchange of genetic material, both parents.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062519/5697bfdb1a28abf838cb0547/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Let’s Practice…