Genetic monitoring methodologies for allogamous

crop wild relatives

Group B - results

Sampling

• Annual – every year

• Perennials – as often (generation time)

Risk of loss of diversity

• Measuring loss of diversity– Morphological characters evolution– Molecular tools for evolution

• Loss genetic diversity within population decreasing viability extinction

• Losing interesting variation within populations

• For the study of evolution in genetic drift, need to use genetic diversity indexes (indicators of overall diversity)

Or

• To use tools for specific useful traits to monitor over time

• 3 kinds of markers levels1. Diversity

2. Gene marker or processes

3. Fitness (related to specific traits)1. Demographic studies

2. Related to fecundity

Differentiate between genetic and environmental stochasticity

• Knowledge of heritability molecular characters – use it as surrogate of genetic diversity

• Use list of descriptors as a base for cwr characterisation

• Ex situ / in situ– Link– Coordination– Ex situ bottleneck in

characterisation/evaluation, useful for in situ

• Spatial structure (key point)– Distribution of individuals (further inbreeding)– Spatial structure, diversity on morphological

characters – Genetic neighbourhood– Implication in restoration

• Number of sample/periodicity– Higher and more frequent than for autogamous

• How to sample– Allogamous – Random / stratified– Vegetatively propagated –

– If knowledge available – random

– If knowledge is not available – random / stratified

RECOMMENDATIONS• Genetic reserve should have a backup ex

situ collection

• In situ/ex situ characterisation – To promote use

• Carry out in depth studies on cwr– Useful information on genetic knowledge

• Reinforce links with ex situ conservation– Documentation– Improve ecogeographic survey

• Development of primers– Sources

• Genebanks• Breeding institutes• Universities• CG centres

• At the National level – set priorities for developing primers

• Transferability of primers are not easy

• Policy issues, germplasm exchange required– Take into consideration any international

agreements, conventions, treaties,…