General ledger tech

1

Oracle General LedgerTechnical Foundation

Presented At:Atlanta Oracle Application User Group Meeting

August 20, 1999

Presented by:Brad Eldredge

Oracle General Ledger- Technical Foundation

2

Agenda:uIntroduction [5 min]l Speaker & Audiencel Establish Baseline Understanding & Set Expectationsl Objectives, Assumptions, & Scope

uTechnical Foundation [10 min]l Application “Technical Foundation” Roles & Responsibilitiesl Database Objects, Tools, & Resources

uGL Tables & Processes [20 min]l Foundation (FND)l General Ledger Interfacel General Ledger Setupl General Ledger Data

uConclusion [5 min]l Next Stepsl Questions & Answersl Attend Breakout Session For More Details (Informal 1 hour)


3

Introductions & Experience:uBrad Eldredgel Manager, Oracle|solutionsl AnswerThink Consulting Groupl 6 years of Oracle applications experience - functional & technical / user & consultantl GL Enhancements Chairman Since Spring 1995l GL SIG Coordinator Since Fall 1998

uAudiencel Application Release? User Interface (Character, Smart Client, Internet/NCA)?l Application PerspectiveèEnd User / Business AnalystèTechnical (e.g. Developer, DBA, IT, System Support)èOther

l RolesèCurrent - Technical Ability (Application, Tools, & Process)èFuture - Desire to become more Technical?

l Role PerspectiveèConsultant / ImplementationèOrganizational Setup / Support / Reporting / Developer


4

Objectives, Assumptions, & Scope:uPresentation Objectivesl Provide overview of technical roles, responsibilities, & tools - relating to Oracle GL

(applies generically to all applications)l Provide understanding of major GL & FND application tables as they relate to

application processesl Provide information about where to obtain more information & how to become “more

technical”

uPresentation Assumptionsl Already Familiar w/ Rel 11.0 & General Ledger applicationl Commercial Installation

uPresentation - Out Of Scope Topicsl Average Balancingl Encumbrance & Budgetary Control (non-profit/govt)l How to use technical tools (e.g. SQL)l Database schema design

uPresentation Expectationsl Q&A - Please hold until end or ask during breakout sessionl Aggressive agenda - We will move quickly through the materials & will only scratch

the surface


5

Apps Tech Foundation Perspectives:

uApplication Super Users Perspectivel Ad-hoc Reporting (e.g. Discoverer)l OLAP tools (e.g. Oracle Financial Analyzer)l Production Support (e.g. Fix problems, delete unwanted data, etc.)

uImplementation Perspectivel Programmatically Loading Apps Setups (e.g. COA values)l Interfaces & Extractsl Historical Data Conversionl Application Customizations

uApplication Development & Support Perspectivel Custom Reportsl Application Customizations & Enhancementsl Oracle Alertl Oracle Discoverer - End User Layer / Business Areasl Data Warehouse / Data Mart


6

Database Objects:

l Database Object - something created and stored in a database. Tables, views,synonyms, indexes, sequences, clusters, and columns are all types of databaseobjects.

l Table - the basic storage structure in a relational database, which consists of one ormore units of information (rows) each containing the same kinds of values(columns).

l View - a database object that is a logical representation of a table, which is derivedfrom a table but has no storage of its own and often may be used in the samemanner as a table.

l Synonym - a name assigned to a table or view that may thereafter be used to referto it.

l Index - an Oracle feature used primarily to speed execution and impose uniquenessupon certain data. Indexes provide a faster access method to a table’s data insteadof being required to perform a full table scan. Works similar to a card catalog.

l Sequence - a database object used to generate unique integers for use as primarykeys.


7

Technical Tools Introduction:

uData Dictionary (yellow pages for the database)l “DBA_” Tablesl Viewsl Joins / Primary - Foreign key relationshipsl Table indexes & sequencesl Etc.

uData Definition Language (DDL)l Creating / Changing database objects . . .l Create Table, Alter Table, Drop Tablel Granting Database access & object privileges

uData Manipulation Language (DML)l Changing data w/i tables . . .l Select, Insert, Update, Delete


8

Technical Tools:

uSQL (Structured Query Language) - used to perform DDL &DML commands (SQL*Plus)

uSQL*Loader - used to load data from flat files into Oracledatabase tables

uPL/SQL - used to perform programming logic (e.g. “If . . .Then . . . Else”)

uDeveloper 2000 - used to develop custom forms, reports,etc.

uDesigner 2000 - case tool used to design databaseschemas & generate custom tables

uDiscoverer 2000 - Adhoc query & reporting tool used toaccess data in database tables


9

Technical Tools Cont’d:

uOperating System:l Operating system commands & navigation(e.g. Unix)l Operating system file structurel Text Editor (e.g. Unix vi)

uConnectivity Tools:l FTP (File Transfer Protocol)l Telnet

uUnderstanding of server & database connectivity:l IP Address / Host Namel TNSNAMES.ORA file (c:\orawin\network\admin\ directory)l IDs & Passwords (e.g. Operating System & Database)


10

Database vs. Application Security:

uDatabase Level Security:l Database Users (e.g. GL, AP, AR, APPLSYS, etc.) - own all database objects & have

been granted privileges to access

l Database IDs required for ALL tools which directly access Oracle database objects(e.g. SQL*Plus, Discoverer, Developer / Designer 2000, etc.)

uApplication Level Security:l System Administration application - controls application access (via forms, reports,

programs, etc.) to database objects through “Data Groups”, which are assigned toUser Responsibilities

l End users sheltered from the database level of security when accessing via Oracleapplications

l “APPS” schema contains privileges to access ALL application objects owned byOracle-defined database users (e.g. GL, AP, AR, APPLSYS, etc.)


11

Linking Applications To Back-End:

uFrom w/i Oracle applications, use the following menu command... “Help |About This Record”, which indicates the base table or view associated withthe active form

uExamine Utility . . . Accessed via Oracle application menu . . . “Help |Tools | Examine”. This utility can be secured via a profile option & requiresknowledge of the “Apps” database password. Permits viewing of context-sensitive information associated w/ form (ties front end application to backend database)

uOracle Application Technical Reference Manuals (TRMs) - Learn aboutprimary/foreign key relationships & tables impacted by various modules

uOracle Application User Guides; Application Object Library & SystemAdministration

uSQL Trace Utility . . . Accessed via Oracle application menu . . . “Help |Tools | Trace” - creates a log file of SQL calls


12

Technical Education Resources:

uBooks such as . . . “ORACLE The Complete Reference” by GeorgeKoch & Kevin Loney

uOracle Education . . . Technical / Application Developer Tracks .. . “Introduction to Oracle” (5-day course on SQL*Plus & PL/SQL)

uComputer Based Training (CBT) -l SQLl PL/SQLl SQL*Loaderl UNIX

uOAUG - conferences & white papers

uExploring - Using the tools / utilities & methods identified in“Linking Applications To Back End”


13

Oracle Table Types:In Scope For Today:uGL Application Foundation (FND) Tablesl Accounting Flexfield - “FND_ID_FLEX_STRUCTURES” & “FND_ID_FLEX_SEGMENTS”l Value Sets - “FND_FLEX_VALUE_SETS”l Segment Values - “FND_FLEX_VALUES” & “FND_FLEX_VALUES_TL”

uGL Application - Setup Tablesl Set of Books - “GL_SETS_OF_BOOKS”l Code Combinations - “GL_CODE_COMBINATIONS”l Calendar - “GL_PERIODS”, “GL_PERIOD_STATUSES”l Budget Definitions - “GL_BUDGETS”, “GL_BUDGET_ENTITIES”, “GL_BUDGET_VERSIONS”

uGL Application - Open Interface Tablesl Actuals Interface - “GL_INTERFACE”l Budget Interface - “GL_BUDGET_INTERFACE”l Daily Foreign Currency Rates - “GL_DAILY_RATES_INTERFACE”

uGL Application - Transaction & Balance Data Tablesl Journal Entries (Transactions) - “GL_JE_BATCHES”, “GL_JE_HEADERS”, “GL_JE_LINES”l Balances - “GL_BALANCES”


14

Oracle Table Types Cont’d:Out Of Scope For Today:uGL Application Definition Tablesl Cross Validation Rules - “FND_FLEX_VALIDATION_RULES” &

“FND_FLEX_VALIDATION_RULE_LINES”l Mass Allocations - “GL_ALLOC_BATCHES”, “GL_ALLOC_FORMULAS”,

“GL_ALLOC_FORMULA_LINES”

uApplication Lookup Tablesl GL Lookup Values (e.g. A, B, E) - “GL_LOOKUPS”l FND Lookup Values - “FND_LOOKUPS”

uGL Application Processing & Temporary Tablesl Control - “GL_INTERFACE_CONTORL”l Temporary - “GL_POSTING_INTERIM”, “GL_TEMPORARY_COMBINATIONS”

uGL Application Archive, Log, & History Tablesl History - “GL_ALLOC_HISTORY”, “GL_ARCHIVE_HISTORY”, “GL_INTERFACE_HISTORY”l Archive & Purge - “GL_ARCHIVE_BATCHES”l Log - “GL_IMPORT_REFERENCES”


15

GL Objects Trivia:

uOracle General Ledger - Release 11.0 contains . . .l 130 tables, excluding temporary processing tablesl 70 formsl 140 concurrent programs / reportsl Note: These counts do NOT reflect tables and forms, which are part of and

accessible to the GL application, but are NOT owned by the GL user (e.g. FNDobjects owned by APPLSYS are NOT included).


16

Applsys / Foundation Tables:

uDatabase tables beginning with “FND_”, often referred to as“Foundation” are common across many applications (e.g. Key &Descriptive Flexfields)

uOwner for “FND_” Database Objects . . . “APPLSYS”

uIn order to be recognized by Oracle Applications, all tables, forms,concurrent programs / executables, etc. must be “registered”;Registration occurs via the “Application Object Library” applicationusing the responsibilities called “Application Developer” and“System Administrator”


17

GL Technical Foundation - Tables :

Application Setup Tables“FND_”


18

Tables - Application Setup (FND) :uFND_APPLICATION (_TL)l APPLICATION_ID = 101 (Identifies Oracle General Ledger)

uFND_ID_FLEX_STRUCTURES (_TL) - Identifies informationabout each “Key Flexfield” w/i Oracle Applicationsl Accounting Key Flexfield; ID_FLEX_CODE = ‘GL#’l Accounting Key Flexfield; ID_FLEX_NAME = 101

uFND_ID_FLEX_SEGMENTS (_TL) - Identifies information aboutAccounting Flexfiled Segmentsl Segment Namel Segment Orderl Flex Value Set ID - Ties segments to value setsl Application Column Name (e.g. SEGMENT1 w/i GL_CODE_COMBINATIONS)

uFND_CURRENCIES (_TL)l Currency Code - Ties to Set of Books, GL Data, & Interface Tables


19

Tables - Application Setup (FND) Cont’d:uFND_FLEX_VALUE_SETSl Flex Value Set ID (Primary Key which uniquely identifies records)l Validation Type (e.g. Independent, Dependent, Table, None, etc.)l Format Type (e.g. Char, Numeric, Date, etc.)l Maximum Sizel Alphanumeric, Alpha Only, Numeric Only; Uppercase Alpha Flag

uFND_FLEX_VALUES (_TL)l Segment Valuel Descriptionl Flex Value Set ID - Associates Segment Value w/ Value Setl Parent Flagl Enabled Flagl 50 Descriptive Flexfields available


20

Table - FND_FLEX_VALUES :

Name Null? Type ------------------------------- -------- --------------- FLEX_VALUE_SET_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(10) FLEX_VALUE_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(15) FLEX_VALUE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(150) ENABLED_FLAG NOT NULL VARCHAR2(1) SUMMARY_FLAG NOT NULL VARCHAR2(1) START_DATE_ACTIVE DATE END_DATE_ACTIVE DATE PARENT_FLEX_VALUE_LOW VARCHAR2(60) PARENT_FLEX_VALUE_HIGH VARCHAR2(60) STRUCTURED_HIERARCHY_LEVEL NUMBER(15) HIERARCHY_LEVEL VARCHAR2(30) COMPILED_VALUE_ATTRIBUTES VARCHAR2(2000) VALUE_CATEGORY VARCHAR2(30) ATTRIBUTE1 - ATTRIBUTE50 VARCHAR2(240)


21

Table - FND_FLEX_VALUES Cont’d:l Notes:èTable contains seed dataèAlways take an export of base tables before modifying w/ SQL*Plus

l Primary Key = FLEX_VALUE_ID; generated from table sequence, which should becalled by SQL*Plus script

l Foreign Key = FND_FLEX_VALUE_SETS.FLEX_VALUE_SET_ID

l COMPILED_VALUE_ATTRIBUTES (Segment Qualifiers) - must utilize syntax toreference data . . . ‘Y’||chr(10)||‘Y’||Chr(10)||‘A’

l Account Types inherited by Account Code Combinations only @ CCID creation time;Gotcha > Retained Earnings Year-end Closeout

l Language / Descriptions “TL_” Tables

l Ensure SQL*Plus script verifies that data in staging table meets the respective ValueSet constraints prior to populating the Oracle base table.


22

Loading FND_FLEX_VALUES:uImplementation Requirement: Setup Chart of Accounts

uProblem: No Interface table to load COA values!

uSolution: Extract values from legacy system, apply formatting / datacleansing, automate the load directly into Oracle base tables

uProcess: Accounting Flexfield Structure (COA)l Create Value Set (via forms) > FND_FLEX_VALUE_SETS

l Create Key Segments (via forms) > FND_ID_FLEX_SEGMENTS &FND_ID_FLEX_STRUCTURE

l Load & Verify Key Segment Values > FND_FLEX_VALUES & FND_FLEX_VALUES_TLèCreate & populate Excel Template (based on Value Set definitions)

èSave As .txt, .csv, or .prn file type


23

Loading FND_FLEX_VALUES Cont’d:

èCreate SQL*Loader control file (.ctl)

èCreate custom database tables for data staging

èFTP files (text file & control file) to server

èExecute SQL*Loader referencing text & control files

èVerify successful loads by reviewing .log & .bad files; Review data loaded intocustom staging table(s)

èPerform additional staging & data manipulation (if necessary)

èSQL*Plus: Create script & run to load data from staging into base tables

èVerify successful load & run compile flexfields concurrent request via Oracleapplication form (e.g. Key Segment Values)


24


Accounting Cycle & GL Setup Tables“GL_”


25

Table - GL_SETS_OF_BOOKS : Name Null? Type ------------------------------- -------- -------------- SET_OF_BOOKS_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(15) NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30) SHORT_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(20) CHART_OF_ACCOUNTS_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(15) CURRENCY_CODE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(15) PERIOD_SET_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(15) SUSPENSE_ALLOWED_FLAG NOT NULL VARCHAR2(1) ALLOW_INTERCOMPANY_POST_FLAG NOT NULL VARCHAR2(1) ENABLE_JE_APPROVAL_FLAG NOT NULL VARCHAR2(1) MRC_SOB_TYPE_CODE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(1) FUTURE_ENTERABLE_PERIODS_LIMIT NUMBER(15) LATEST_OPENED_PERIOD_NAME VARCHAR2(15) RET_EARN_CODE_COMBINATION_ID NUMBER(15) CUM_TRANS_CODE_COMBINATION_ID NUMBER(15) DESCRIPTION VARCHAR2(240) ATTRIBUTE1 - 15 VARCHAR2(150)


26

Table - GL_CODE_COMBINATIONS :

Name Null? Type ------------------------------- -------- ------------ CODE_COMBINATION_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(15) CHART_OF_ACCOUNTS_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(15) DETAIL_POSTING_ALLOWED_FLAG NOT NULL VARCHAR2(1) DETAIL_BUDGETING_ALLOWED_FLAG NOT NULL VARCHAR2(1) ACCOUNT_TYPE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(1) ENABLED_FLAG NOT NULL VARCHAR2(1) SUMMARY_FLAG NOT NULL VARCHAR2(1) SEGMENT1 - 30 VARCHAR2(25)

DESCRIPTION VARCHAR2(240) TEMPLATE_ID NUMBER(15) ATTRIBUTE1 - 10 VARCHAR2(150)


27

Table - GL_PERIODS : Name Null? Type ------------------------------- -------- ------------ PERIOD_SET_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(15) PERIOD_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(15) START_DATE NOT NULL DATE END_DATE NOT NULL DATE YEAR_START_DATE DATE QUARTER_START_DATE DATE PERIOD_TYPE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(15) PERIOD_YEAR NOT NULL NUMBER(15) PERIOD_NUM NOT NULL NUMBER(15) QUARTER_NUM NOT NULL NUMBER(15) ENTERED_PERIOD_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(15) ADJUSTMENT_PERIOD_FLAG NOT NULL VARCHAR2(1)


28

Table - GL_PERIOD_STATUSES : Name Null? Type ------------------------------- -------- ------------ APPLICATION_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(15) SET_OF_BOOKS_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(15) PERIOD_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(15) CLOSING_STATUS NOT NULL VARCHAR2(1)


29

Tables - Budget Setup:uGL_BUDGETSl Stores budget definitions from “Define Budget” forml Budget Name, Set of Books ID, Valid Period Range (e.g. First & Last periods)

uGL_BUDGET_VERSIONSl Stores information about budget versions - currently Oracle only supports

one budget version per budget definition

uGL_BUDGET_ENTITIESl Stores information about budget organizations. Each row includes the

organization name and the set of books ID. This is the base table for the“Define Budget Organization” form.

uGL_BUDGET_ASSIGNMENT_RANGESl Stores the account ranges assigned to each budget organization


30


GL Open Interface Tables“GL_”


31

Application Open Interface Tables (GL) :GL_INTERFACE Used to import journal entry transactions (budget, actual, encumbrance, and statistical)

from external sources. Also used to send transactions between sets of books (e.g.Consolidation, MRC, CENTRA, etc.).

Notes: Requires calendar periods to be “Open” or “Future”. The “Journal Import” program

transfers data from the Interface table into the Oracle base tables (e.g. GL_JE_BATCHES,GL_JE_HEADERS, and GL_JE_LINES).

The “Journal Posting” program changes the posting status w/i the “GL_JE_” tables,

updates the GL_BALANCES table, creates Intercompany Balancing transactions, SuspensePosting transactions, etc.

GL_BUDGET_INTERFACE Used to import budget data directly into GL_BALANCES table without requiring accounting

periods to be open or run the Journal Posting program

GL_DAILY_RATES_INTERFACE Used to automates the loading of currency conversion rates into the GL_DAILY_RATES

table.


32

Open Interface Table Diagram :

Legacy System(s) / GLDI

GL_INTERFACE

Run Journal Import

GL_JE_BATCHES

GL_JE_HEADERS

GL_JE_LINES

GL_BUDGET_INTERFACE

Run Budget Upload

GL_BALANCES

Oracle GL - Open Interface Tables


33

Table - GL_INTERFACE : Name Null? Type ------------------------------- -------- ---- STATUS NOT NULL VARCHAR2(50) SET_OF_BOOKS_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(15) ACCOUNTING_DATE NOT NULL DATE CURRENCY_CODE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(15) ACTUAL_FLAG NOT NULL VARCHAR2(1) USER_JE_CATEGORY_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(25) USER_JE_SOURCE_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(25) BUDGET_VERSION_ID NUMBER SEGMENT1-30 VARCHAR2(25) ENTERED_DR NUMBER ENTERED_CR NUMBER ACCOUNTED_DR NUMBER ACCOUNTED_CR NUMBER REFERENCE1-30 VARCHAR2(100) CODE_COMBINATION_ID NUMBER(15) ATTRIBUTE1-20 VARCHAR2(150)


34

Table - GL_BUDGET_INTERFACE : Name Null? Type ------------------------------- -------- ------------ BUDGET_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(15) BUDGET_ENTITY_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(25) CURRENCY_CODE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(15) FISCAL_YEAR NOT NULL NUMBER(15) UPDATE_LOGIC_TYPE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(1) BUDGET_ENTITY_ID NUMBER(15) SET_OF_BOOKS_ID NUMBER(15) CODE_COMBINATION_ID NUMBER(15) BUDGET_VERSION_ID NUMBER(15) PERIOD_TYPE VARCHAR2(15) STATUS VARCHAR2(1) ACCOUNT_TYPE VARCHAR2(25) PERIOD1_AMOUNT NUMBER SEGMENT1 - 30 VARCHAR2(25)


35

Table - GL_DAILY_RATES_INTERFACE :

Name Null? Type ------------------------------- -------- ------------- FROM_CURRENCY NOT NULL VARCHAR2(15) TO_CURRENCY NOT NULL VARCHAR2(15) FROM_CONVERSION_DATE NOT NULL DATE TO_CONVERSION_DATE NOT NULL DATE USER_CONVERSION_TYPE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(30) CONVERSION_RATE NOT NULL NUMBER INVERSE_CONVERSION_RATE NUMBER


36


GL Transaction & Balance Data Tables“GL_”


37

Tables - Transactions & Balances :

GL_JE_BATCHES

GL_JE_HEADERS

GL_JE_LINES GL_BALANCES

Transactional (Detail) Data: Balance (Summary) Data:

1

M

1

M

Transactions summarized by code combination & stored in Balances tableduring the Journal Posting program


38

Data Tables - GL_JE_LINES : Name Null? Type ------------------------------- -------- ------------- JE_HEADER_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(15) JE_LINE_NUM NOT NULL NUMBER(15) SET_OF_BOOKS_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(15) CODE_COMBINATION_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(15) PERIOD_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(15) EFFECTIVE_DATE NOT NULL DATE STATUS NOT NULL VARCHAR2(1) ENTERED_DR NUMBER ENTERED_CR NUMBER ACCOUNTED_DR NUMBER ACCOUNTED_CR NUMBER DESCRIPTION VARCHAR2(240) REFERENCE_1 - _5 VARCHAR2(240) ATTRIBUTE1 - 20 VARCHAR2(150)


39

Data Tables - GL_BALANCES : Name Null? Type ------------------------------- -------- ------------ SET_OF_BOOKS_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(15) CODE_COMBINATION_ID NOT NULL NUMBER(15) CURRENCY_CODE NOT NULL VARCHAR2(15) PERIOD_NAME NOT NULL VARCHAR2(15) ACTUAL_FLAG NOT NULL VARCHAR2(1) BUDGET_VERSION_ID NUMBER(15) TRANSLATED_FLAG VARCHAR2(1) PERIOD_NET_DR NUMBER PERIOD_NET_CR NUMBER BEGIN_BALANCE_DR NUMBER BEGIN_BALANCE_CR NUMBER PERIOD_NET_DR_BEQ NUMBER PERIOD_NET_CR_BEQ NUMBER BEGIN_BALANCE_DR_BEQ NUMBER BEGIN_BALANCE_CR_BEQ NUMBER TEMPLATE_ID NUMBER(15)


40

Next Steps:

uGet involved by performing technical tasks

uGet to know and work closely with technical resources (e.g.Application Developers, DBAs, etc.)

uTake Technical Courses

uObtain a UNIX ID/PW and Database User ID/PW in adevelopment environment

uSave information to database via Oracle application formsand then use tools / utilities to view results in database


41

Questions:

Contact Info: Brad Eldredge

Email: [email protected]

Phone: 770.690.9700, ext 3092

General ledger tech

Documents

Transcript of General ledger tech