Gender Empowerment
-
Upload
vanessa-rae-baculio -
Category
News & Politics
-
view
94 -
download
3
description
Transcript of Gender Empowerment
GENDER EMPOWERMEN
T
Topic:
Literacy of Adults in Egypt from
1980 to Present
Statement: What are the Effects
of the Educational Programs to Women
in Egypt?
Introduction: Egypt
Brief Information:
Location: the northeast corner of the continent of Africa
Size: approximately 997,740 sq. km
Capital: Cairo
Official language (today): Arabic
Official language (ancient): combination Semitic and Hamitic
Brief Information: Major River:
The Nile divides Egypt in half
Deserts: Libyan, Nubian, and Eastern. They were barriers of protection, shielding the people against invasion by surrounding civilizations
Topography: The highest lands are in the south and the land slopes gently toward the Mediterranean Sea. There are some mountains located on the southern Sinai peninsula. Some of these reach over 2600 meters (8530 feet high). The land at the Mediterranean is at sea level.
Brief Information: Climate:
very dry; there is almost no rainfall on a regular basis. The people depend on the annual summer floods of the Nile River for water. The floods begin in June and end in October. Without the Nile, there would likely be no Egypt.
Brief Information:
Educational Status:
Egypt has the largest overall education system in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and it has grown rapidly since the early 1990s.
The government is responsible for offering free education at all levels.
Educational Status: One in every four Egyptians is illiterate. President Hosni Mubarak declared that the
development and innovation of education is the National Project of Egypt,
President Mubarak also declared that literacy, for the rest of illiterates, is an urgent and essential objective for realizing development and increasing production.
Educational Status: 1980’s The tremendous efforts of the Revolution
since the fifties to meet the illiteracy problems are evident.
Between 1976 and 1986, a decline by 6.2 percentage points has occurred in the percent illiterate among the total population of Egypt.
Educational Status: The number of illiterates had more than
doubled from six to thirteen million during the period 1907-1976, and by 1986 this number exceeded two and half times the number of 1907 (sixteen million).
• In 1986, the literacy gender gap narrowed to 26.7 percentage points.
Educational Status:
Educational Status:
Educational Status:
Educational Status:
Educational Status: 1990s Law #8 issued in 1991 for Literacy and
Adult Education with the aim of mobilizing efforts for the organization of the comprehensive national campaign. The law stipulated the establishment of the General Organization of Literacy and Adult Education in 1992.
• National Plan of Literacy and Adult for the decade (1992-2001)
Educational Status: 1990s
Educational Status: 1990s
Educational Status: 1990s
Illiteracy rates were reduced from 49.4% in 1986 to 38.6% in 1996, i.e a reduction of 10.8% points.
• Numbers of female illiterates reached 10.3 million according to 1996 statistics, numbering 6.9 million in the rural areas (67.1%) and 3.5 million in the urban areas (32.9%).
Educational Status: 1990s
According to the 1998/99 statistics, the proportion of female enrolment has increased to 72% of the total number of enrolment in literacy classes. This should imply an improvement in literacy gender parity index.
Educational Status: 1990s
• The illiteracy rate further declined to 34.2% according to the 1999 assessment.
• Adult literacy rate estimated at 66% in 1999, as compared to 53% in 1990.
Educational Status: 2000’s
Educational Status: 2000’s
Educational Status: 2000’s
Educational Status: 2000’s
Educational Status: 2000’s
Educational Organizations and Programs
AUEED (Association of Upper
Egypt for Education and Development)
1940
AUEED leads education and development
initiatives in four main zones of Upper Egypt: Menya, Assiut, Sohag and Luxor.
constructed a center for empowering women in Akhmim, this center provided basic education and offered vocational training for women
Educational Organizations and Programs
USAID (United States Aid)
USAID Support for basic education focuses on
schools in underprivileged urban areas
Egypt’s Ministry of Education’s efforts to decentralize the education system in order to strengthen local institutional capacity, increase involvement of the community, enhance accountability, and increase performance standards.
USAID: Programs
ERP (Education Reform
Program)
ERP was a six-year program funded by USAID that aimed to increase access to and quality of formal and non-formal education, particularly for girls, in seven governorates (regions) throughout Egypt.
USAID: Programs
Egypt Environmental Education and Outreach
Program (E3OP) (2006-2008)
introduced environmental education in schools in ways that actively engaged students in their neighborhoods and local environments and established an accessible base of environmental education materials for teachers to use in the classroom.
Educational Organizations and Programs
UNESCO (United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural Organization)
UNESCO
Its purpose is to contribute peace and security by promoting international collaboration through education, science and culture in order to further universal respect for justice, the rule of law, and human rights along with fundamental freedom proclaimed in the UN Charter.
UNESCO: programs
It helped revitalize an education reform movement that started well before 1990 in several developing countries.
Educational Policies
Effects of Educational Programs in women
Social Aspect
Since more and more women are now educated and literate, they are
already able to express themselves without any hesitation.
Political Aspect-
The number of women in prominent positions in Egyptian politics
remains tiny, as it was under the ousted secular president, Hosni
Mubarak.
Economical AspectThe Egyptian Businesswomen’s
Partnership Program is an international project designed to enhance cooperation between
businesswomen and businesswomen’s associations in
Egypt
Projections
END