Rehmat Wali Khan

Education Officer/Focal Person

SAARC Human Resource Development Centre, Islamabad-Pakistan

Email: rehmatwalikhan@yahoo.com

Why Budget???

BUDGET FLOW

GENDER BUDGETS???

The budget is the most important policy tool of government because, without money, government/institutions cannot implement any other policy successfully.

A gender responsive budget ensures that the needs and interests of individuals from different social groups (sex, age, race, ethnicity, location) are addressed in expenditure and revenue policies.

GENDER BUDGETS

Gender responsive budgets are not separate budgets for women or men.

Instead, they bring gender awareness into the policies, plans, programmes and budgets of all government agencies.

Gender responsive budgets are not about 50% male: 50% female.

They are about budgeting that intentionally directs resources and raises revenue in a way that addresses disadvantage and exclusion.

What is Gender Budgeting?

A (national) budget is a reflection of the political decisions made as to how (from whom) the revenue is levied and for what purposes (for whom) the expenditure is specifically used.

The decisions are reached on the basis of a normative image of society which determines the economic and socio-political priorities.

Budgetary decisions have an impact on how society is structured and consequently directly affect the living circumstances of women, men, girls and boys as well as the gender relationship.

Access to relevant sex-disaggregated data has been identified as an important element in mainstreaming gender into development planning.

Gender-sensitive indicators are potentially of great usefulness in integrating gender considerations into development planning.

However, it should be recognized that there are limitations on the amount and type of information they can provide, and that care needs to be taken in their interpretation.

Tools for Gender Mainstreaming in Development Planning

Framework of Gender Budgeting

• Quantification of allocation of resources for women

• Gender Audit of policies of the Government• Impact assessment of various schemes in

the Union and State budgets• Analyzing schematic and policy initiatives

and link with impact on status of women related Macro Indicators

Gender Mainstreaming & Gender Budgeting

• Women as a beneficiary segment – Need for Gender mainstreaming– Fiscal and Monetary Policies, Legislations

• Need to Change Programme formulations and implementation processes– More gender friendly – Optimize Participation of Voluntary Sector

• Gender budgeting – not an end in itself

PATHWAY FOR GENDER INCLUSIVE BUDGET

Past Performance - Physical Targets - Expenditure incurred - Sources of Revenue- Balance (if any)- Shortfalls (Reasons)- Strengths - Impact related to Issues of Equity and

Equality

Steps

- Setting of working groups – could be one or more

- Representative of related Ministries or Departments, NGOs and Experts

- Setting up of sub groups if needed

Suggestive work that the group may undertake

- Stock taking of existing schemes and programmes

- Look into programmes from gender lense

Practical impact

Long term impact

GENDER ANALYSIS : PAST AND PRESENT

Past

- Whether Priorities are addressed

- Bottlenecks

- Whether financial outlay has been met

- Gaps between supply and demand

- Strength

Present - Futuristic vision – way forward - How can issues of equity and equality be

addressed optimally - How would resources be generated

- Village- District - Provincial

- State - Any other

- Listing of strategies that would be adopted in achieving targets in a realistic manner

- Making efforts to reach an equilibrum regarding demand and supply

- Suggestive ways to meet deficit if any for meeting targets

Monitoring and Evaluation

Monitoring

• Whether objectives/activities are being met

• Is the approach participatory

• Are gender issues being addressed

• Whether steps taken are successful or some modification are needed for mid course corrections

• Are budget heads appropriate or some changes are required

• Do budget heads proposed help in meeting targets conceived

• Encouraged voices and participation of women

• Are issues of allocation of funds in different sector need-based in terms of time management

• Is it leading to empowerment of (women/men)

• Has it helped in addressing conflict management

Evaluation • Decision of time (Monthly, Bi-Annually,

Annually, 3 Years, 5 Years)• Criteria of Evaluation based on Indicators • Target set for meeting practical and long term

needs sector wise • Identification of successful initiatives • Suggestion • Recommendations

TOOL FOR GENDER BUDGETING

A gender budgeting tool is a method/ technique for assessing, the impact of budget (allocation of resources) of different schemes and programmes on meeting the practical and strategic needs of

- Men/Women - belonging to different classes

and communities

- Attempts to answer whether public expenditure are allocated in an equitable manner for development of both genders

- Gender analysis of budget would look into how budget addresses needs and aspirations of both gender in a substantial way

Results Framework Document (RFD)

• Objectives • Weightage • Actions• Success Indicators • Unit • Target/ Criteria Values

ENTRY POINTS FOR GENDER BUDGETING

Participatory planning and budgeting.

Spatial mapping of social infrastructure and access to employment.

Gender Appraisal of new programmes and schemes.

Review of public expenditure and policy.

Gender-based profile of expenditure.

Outcome budget.

Impact analysis.

FIVE STEP FRAMEWORK FOR GENDER BUDGETING

1. Situational analysis of gender in a given sector.

2. Assessment of gender-based policies and programmes.

3. Assessment of advocacy of budget allocation.

4. Monitoring whether the money was spent as per objectives laid and planned.

5. Assessment of impact of policy.

SAMPLE BUDGET PROPOSAL FORMAT

Programme New On- going Carried over

Total Budget proposed

Research

Development

Training

Extension

Others (Evaluation)

Total

A. Type/ Category wise Number of Programme with proposed budget

B. I Source-wise break-up of the Total proposed budget in A.

(a)Estimated Budget from …. funds: Rs.

(a)Specific Grants from ….: Rs.

(c) Grant from other agencies like UNICEF, etc: Rs. II Budget allocated and utilized during 2012-13

(as on DATE)

Source Allocated Utilized

A

B

UNICEF, etc. (Pl. Specify) Nil

Total

C. Details of Specific Programme

Programmes for No. of Programmes Programmes Codes Budget Proposed Rs.

D. Supporting Staff

S. No. Designation Total No. of Staff Total Months

1

2

3

GM ACTION PLAN• GMAP provides a framework for establishing a

more constructive approach to mainstreaming gender and implementation of policies and programmes by governments and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) which share responsibility for working towards gender equality.

• Used to incorporate gender into programming.

GM ACTION PLAN FORMATActivities Methodology

(how to do?)Time-Frame

Responsible parties

Monitoring indicators

cost

1.

2.

3.

Group Work

Group 1 & 2•GMAP for Staff

– Inclusion of GM in the (new) ToRs of the staff

– Inclusion of gender performance in the appraisal forms of the staff

– Engaging Gender Advisor in work flow

Group 3 & 4•GMAP for a Project

– Review of TORs of community structures

– Engendering of Logical Frameworks

– 33% women in Management Committees

– Establishment of Women Leader Groups