Gender and Family Roles Change over Time
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Transcript of Gender and Family Roles Change over Time
GENDER AND FAMILY ROLES CHANGE OVER TIME
By: William Rush Folger
China
Classical China Similar to other agricultural civilizations
in their emphasis on unity and a powerful man in the household
Women were subordinate to men throughout the classical period
Gender roles changed during the Tang Song Era
Tang Song Era and Mongols
The status of women improved in China during the Tang dynasty and early Song dynasty.
Confucianism was widely used after its introduction in the later Song dynasty which stressed a hierarchy with a dominant male in family life.
The status of women declined as Confucianism gained popularity.
The practice of binding women’s feet which encouraged staying at home to work was introduced during this era.
The status of women in Chinese society improved under the influence of the Mongols.
Foot Binding
China in the 20th Century Mao Zedong made great efforts at the liberation of
Chinese women. Mao gave women rights including Legal equality Freedom in marriage selection Opportunities of education and work outside the
home This led to the support of the communist party by
many women in China.
India
Classical India Classical India featured a strict society through
the caste system as men and women were forced to marry in the same caste.
Family life was very rigid with male dominance as it evolved through the Vedic and Epic Ages.
Women played a lesser role with the increased usefulness of technology in agriculture.
Children were expected to work as families formed economic units.
Indian society featured more strong willed women than China in this era.
Children were expected to work
Post Classical-Present India
Arranged marriages were widely used based on economic links.
Many practices remained the same limiting women’s rights.
Women eventually gained rights including suffrage and restrictions on marriage and family have largely been eliminated in present day India.
Middle East
Middle East Women in the Middle East played a larger
roles than those in India and China before and after the introduction of Islam.
Women played a critical role in the economy throughout the pre-Islam era.
Upon the introduction of Islam, gender and family roles changed.
Middle East Teachings of Muhammad established
males and females as equals in Allah’s eyes.
Islam advanced the placement of women in society although certain jobs were reserved for men
Men were still allowed 4 wives versus one husband to women
Abbasid to present The status of women declined during the
Abbasid Empire Men began to have harems and the use
of veils were required for women Poor women worked in the economy but
wives of nobles remained at home The subordination of women to fathers
and husbands remained prevalent throughout the many generations that followed
EuropeEurope
Classical Europe The Greek and Roman Empires had
similar gender and family roles Society stressed a tight family structure
where the father had great authority Women worked in the economy and had
considerable influence in the upper classes especially in Rome
The treatment of women was not as bad as that of China
Post Classical-Present Europe
Women were equal to men in Christianity Women held more political positions in the
Byzantine Empire compared Western Europe This treatment continued until the renaissance There became a greater emphasis on nuclear
family which included taking more effort in a relationship with the children and marrying at a later age
Family life became a value which continued to present day
Women gained SUFFRAGE after World War 1 in many European countries
Africa
Africa Prior to European colonization, Africa
featured an agricultural civilization much like that of China or the Middle East at the time
Males were superior in society and polygamy was common in many tribes
The status of women increased with the spread of Islam
Africa After European and Muslim Colonization
Women were carried in the Saharan slave trade to the Middle East for reasons which included concubines and harems
The Atlantic Slave trade skewed the population as they wanted mostly working males
Women participated in struggles for independence in many new African states
The respect women gained through their political voice in independence led to their eventual gain of rights which included suffrage
The Americas
The Americas Before Europeans
Women in the Aztec Empire had a variety of different roles including
Peasants worked in the fields and household
Nobles often had multiple wives but peasants would only have one
Women owned property in Aztec society although they were inferior in politics and social life
Women worked many hours grinding maize due to lack of technology
The Americas After European Arrival
Poor women were involved in the economy while the rich remained confined to the home
Men held more power in the home and in politics which continued until the late 19th century
Women began to demand more rights as opportunities in work and education began to be offered to them
CIERTO OR FALSO
Cierto Or Falso The status of women declined during the
Song Dynasty in China.
Cierto
Cierto or Falso The status of women mostly increased
with the spread of Islam.
Cierto
Cierto or Falso Throughout the dark ages, women were
treated better in western Europe compared to that of Eastern Europe(Byzantine Empire).
Falso
Cierto or Falso The term used to family life after the
renaissance in Europe is “nuclear family”
Cierto
Cierto or Falso Women are equal to men in Allah’s eyes.
Cierto
Cierto or Falso Mao Zedong was against the
advancement of women’s rights in China.
Falso
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