Gender Situational Analysis Workshop

Objectives of the SessionTo review key concepts on gender on genderTo improve the gender analysis skills of PBO and Implementing PartnersTo improve the skills and enhance the capacity PBO and Implementing Partners to mainstream gender in their work.

Characteristics of GenderRelational:relationship between women and men are socially constructed

Hierarchical: Power relations - Characteristics & activities associated with masculinity are more valued = unequal power relations

Institutional: Systemic - Refers not only to relations of W & M at personal & private level but to the social system: values, legislation, religion, customary practices, etc.

Session OneAn overview on GenderGENDER CONCEPT AND TERMINOLOGIES Discussion on gender concepts and terminologies (Pair participants)Gender and Culture

Definitions of Culture

Culture is a system of meanings, beliefs, values and behaviors shared by members of a community or group, through which experience is interpreted and carried out.

THE ICE BAG CONCEPT OF CULTURE

Like an iceberg, nine-tenths of culture is below the surface. THE ICE BAG

Traditional/Customs Child-rearingConcept of JusticeReligion Experience Decision-making Handling Emotions Superior/Subordinate Relations Food Family Relations Education Status of WomenAge OccupationMarriageSexual NormsPERCEPTUAL LENSES

WE SEE THEM AS WE ARE.WE SEE THEM AS WE ARE.Gender RolesGender roles women and men can play (especially in market oriented economies) can be divided in three types: Productive: Comprises the work done by women and men for payment in cash or kind (or not!)

Reproductive: Childbearing/rearing responsibilities & domestic tasks required for maintenance & well-being of household members

Community management and political roles: Community activities that are voluntary and unpaid contributing to its welfare & organization

Gender Roles (cont.)Multiple Roles (Double and/or Triple Role)

Multiple roles are performed simultaneously by women and men. As the reproductive roles are mostly performed by women they inevitably carry out multiple roles.

Detection of gender roles make previously unrecognized work visible. Because only productive work = money, is valued most of the work done by women is invisible and undervalued.

Analysis of gender roles and relations is critical to ensure development of a gender responsive project

Access to and Control over Resources Access: Ability to USE a resource (does not imply to define or decide on the use of that resource)Control: Ability do DEFINE and make compulsory decisions about the use of a resourceAccess to, and control over, the resources of the household and society Is strongly affected by:

Different gender roles and responsibilities assigned by culture and societyGender power relations within the household and society

Types of Resources Economic Resources:Work, money, credit, housing, transportation, food, equipment, etc. Political Resources: Position of leadership & mobilization of actors in decision making positions Information-Education: Inputs to be able to make decisions to modify or change a situation, condition or problem, formal education Time:Hours of the day available for discretionary use flexible pay hours Internal resources: Self-esteem, self-confidence, ability to express ones own interests (assertiveness).

Key Policy FrameworksRegional/InternationalUNSCRs 1325 (2000), 1820 (2008), 1888 and 1889)CEDAWBeijingSG commitment on gender in peacebuildingGovernmentNational Gender PolicyNational GBV Action PlanLNAP 1325Government CEDAW Report and DAW recommendationsPRS, AfT, RoadmapSectoral (LNP, BIN, BCR, girls education policy)Laws: penal code on rape, Children Act, etc

13Plenary discussion on gender issues in LiberiaSESSION 2Gender Analysis as a tool for gender Mainstreaming in conflict transition Gender analysis is a tool to guide gender mainstreamingThree important Steps to conduct Gender Analysis:Analysis of gender division of labour (productive, reproductive and community roles)Analysis of access to and control over resourcesAwareness of stereotypes in planning

Three questions for analysis of gender:Who does what, when, where, and with whom (ROLES)Who uses what (ACCESS)Who decides who uses, what is used and how (CONTROL)

See Handout 2 on Gender Analysis

Gender analysis: What do we need to know? Women What roles do women play?

What responsibilities do women have?

What resources do women have access to?

What rights do women have?Men What roles do men play?

What responsibilities do men have?

What resources do men have access to?

What rights do men have?Who makes decisions? (on what issues?)Who benefits from those decisions?What are the reasons behind these differences?Gender analysis: What do we need to know? (Cont.)Key topics to explore in a gender analysis: The general context of the issue: What is known about it? (Country, County, District, community)Women and men, boys and girls perceptions on the issueThe communitys perceptions and existing actions on the issueThe nature of the existing legal/administrative framework (gaps)Experience and expertise of implementing and partner organizations working on the issue

Group Work :Read the case scenario provided and conduct a gender analysis to guide the planning of your work during the transition process. Keep in mind PBO priority areas:National reconciliationConstitutional reform and decentralization Enhancing support for Justice and security sectorPrepare to share your views in plenary Gender analysis key for gender responsive interventionsGender analysis is a tool for gender mainstreaming helping to design gender responsive interventions to address identified gaps & concerns in terms of:Practical Gender Needs: Immediate and practical concerns identified by women and focusing on resolving inadequacies in their living conditions Strategic Gender Needs: Directly related to gender division of labour, power and control. SGN challenge existing gender roles, values and social norm and are critical to achieve equality. See Handout 3 on Practical and Strategic Gender Needs

Gender Analysis in SummaryInquiry Process for Gender Analysis (Steps)

1) Gaining knowledge on the issue: what we know, what we dont know, what we need to know?2) Sources of information: Where to go, from whom we need to know, 3) Who to consult: institutions and community - stakeholders, target population, gate keepers 4) Methodology: How to do it?- desk review, primary data: FGD, interviewing, survey, etc. 5) Sample: Equal representation of women, men, male and female youth, the elderly6) Key questions: Who does what, when, where, and with whom (Gender roles); Who uses what? (Access to resources); and Who decides who uses, what is used and how? (Control over resources).SESSION 4

The way forward: Gender AdvocatesThe way forward:OGA will continue a set of trainings to strengthen the capacity of PBO on the following areas:

-Developing gender sensitive work plans-Gender advocacy strategies- Gender monitoring and reporting - Gender impact assessment Evaluation of that Training Please fill the assessment form before you leave

THANKS!