Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex...

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Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma Italy Bangalore, 30/06/2004

Transcript of Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex...

Page 1: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems

Emanuela Zaccarelli

Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured

SystemsUniversità La Sapienza, Roma Italy

Bangalore,

30/06/2004

Page 2: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Outline of the Talk

• Simple Model of attractive colloids to describe asymmetric colloid-polymer mixtures

Introduce “Gelation problem”

• Necessity of model for “reversible gelation”

• Two different approaches:

• Take into account Charge Effects• Introduce a geometrical constraint on

Bond Formation

Page 3: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

at high densities….MCT predictions

Dawson et al. PRE 2001

confirmed by experiments Mallamace et al. PRL

(2000) Pham et al. Science

(2002) Eckert and Bartsch PRL

(2002)

and simulations Puertas et al PRL

(2002)Zaccarelli et al PRE

(2002)

(eg Square Well potential)

Phase Diagram

Simple model of Attractive Colloids

F. Sciortino, Nat. Mat. 1, 145 (2002).

Page 4: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

… simulations at low densities…

A phase separation occurs

Gels can be only obtained via spinodal

decomposition

EZ, F.Sciortino, S. Buldyrev and P. Tartaglia condmat/0310765

Page 5: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Necessity of new models for thermo-reversible GELS

incorporating:

• No phase Separation

• Long-Lived Bonds

1.Additional charge

2. Maximum Number of Bonds

Page 6: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

1. Competition between short-range attraction and long-range repulsion

2n-n potential (n=100)

Yukawa potential (screened electrostatic interactions)

Page 7: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Ground State ClustersEnergy per particle

Page 8: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Ground State Clustersgyration radius

Page 9: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Ground State ClustersStructures for A=0.05, =2.0

Page 10: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

“Structural Phase Diagram” at T=0

S. Mossa, F. Sciortino, P. Tartaglia, EZ, condmat/0406263.

Page 11: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Effect of Cluster-Cluster Interactions

Renormalize Yukawa form

Page 12: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

F. Sciortino, S. Mossa, EZ, P. Tartaglia, condmat/0312161; PRL in press.

N=1

Flow in the phase diagram

Page 13: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

N=1

N=2

F. Sciortino, S. Mossa, EZ, P. Tartaglia, condmat/0312161; PRL in press.

Flow in the phase diagram

Page 14: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

N=4

N=1

N=2

F. Sciortino, S. Mossa, EZ, P. Tartaglia, condmat/0312161; PRL in press.

Flow in the phase diagram

Page 15: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

N=4

N=1

N=2

N=8

F. Sciortino, S. Mossa, EZ, P. Tartaglia, condmat/0312161; PRL in press.

Flow in the phase diagram

Page 16: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

N=16

N=4

N=1

N=2

N=8

F. Sciortino, S. Mossa, EZ, P. Tartaglia, condmat/0312161; PRL in press.

Flow in the phase diagram

Page 17: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

N=16

N=4

N=1

N=2

N=8

N=32

F. Sciortino, S. Mossa, EZ, P. Tartaglia, condmat/0312161; PRL in press.

Flow in the phase diagram

Page 18: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

N=16

N=4

N=1

N=2

N=8

N=32

N=64

F. Sciortino, S. Mossa, EZ, P. Tartaglia, condmat/0312161; PRL in press.

Flow in the phase diagram

Page 19: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Snapshots from simulations

Page 20: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Cluster glass transition

Page 21: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Static structure Factor

Page 22: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Dynamical density correlators (q~2.7)

Page 23: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Main ResultsEvidence of an equilibrium cluster phaseexperimentally observed in weakly charged colloid/polymer mixtures

Segre et al. PRL (2001), Sedgwick et al. (to be published)

and protein solutions Stradner&Schurtenberger, Chen et al. (to be published)

Gel interpreted in terms of glass transition of clusters

Page 24: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

2. Maximum Number of Bonds NMAX per particle

• Model for particles with fixed number of sticky points (eg. Manoharan, Elsesser and Pine, Science

2003)

• Simple modification of square well potential, weakening phase separation,

enhancing more ramified structure formation

Page 25: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

NMAX-modified Phase Diagram

Page 26: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Diffusivity along special isochores

Page 27: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Bond Lifetime (NMAX=3, =0.20)

Page 28: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Energy per Particle

Page 29: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Viscosity(preliminary results)

Page 30: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

NMAX=3Static structure factor

Page 31: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

reminder: at the Glass Transition(BMSW =0.58, T=2.0)

Page 32: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

… while for the NMAX model (NMAX=3, =0.20, T=0.1)

Page 33: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

… looking in more details…

… gel transition

Page 34: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Conclusions

We have introduced a model with ideal gel features:

• increase of relaxation times by orders of magnitude

• density autocorrelation functions with non-glassy (but percolative) behaviour.

Moreover,

the model appears to be a GOOD candidate of a strong

Liquid,i.e. highly degenerate ground

stateand

absence of a (finite) Kauzmann temperature

Page 35: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Many Thanks to my Collaborators

Francesco Sciortino and Piero Tartaglia

Stefano Mossa ESRF Grenoble

Sergey Buldyrev Boston

Ivan Saika-Voivod, Emilia LaNave, Angel Moreno Roma

Page 36: Gelation Routes in Colloidal Systems Emanuela Zaccarelli Dipartimento di Fisica & SOFT Complex Dynamics in Structured Systems Università La Sapienza, Roma.

Configurational Entropy (preliminary results)