Gecekondu of İstanbul “Put up in one night” Definition- A habitat of one or two rooms built at...
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![Page 1: Gecekondu of İstanbul “Put up in one night” Definition- A habitat of one or two rooms built at night on the periphery of a large city without permission.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062714/56649d145503460f949e7fea/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Gecekondu of İstanbul
• “Put up in one night” • Definition- A habitat of
one or two rooms built at night on the periphery of a large city without permission
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Characteristics
• Built overnight with makeshift materials
• Legal loophole• Built on public,
ownerless lands
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Origins
• First appeared in 1940’s• Result of Urbanization
occuring at faster rate than industrialization
• Istanbul’s population grew from 1 million in 1950 to 5 million in 1980 and 10 million in 2000
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Locations
• Largest gecekondu commuinities in Ankara, Izmir, Istanbul
• First built in city, later on periphery
• Reminiscent of Ottoman proximity of poor and wealthy
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Politics and Gecekondu
• Large Population=Large Source of Votes
• Politicians and Political Parties’ efforts to gain loyalty of gecekondu residents
• Gecekondu influence in elections
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Precarious Living
• Services depend on stage of development
• Initially without services
• Water, sanitation, and electricity obtained illegaly
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• High risk of damage during earthquakes
• Distrust of professional contractors/engineers
• Inability to pay for adequate services
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Responses to Gecekondus
• Initial attempts to demolish
• Incorporation and prevention
• Developers’ purchases and promises
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References• Doğan, Kuban. Istanbul An Urban History: Byzantion, Constantinopolis, Istanbul. Istanbul:the
Economic and Social History Foundation of Turkey, 1996• Keyder, Caglar. “Globalization and Social Exclusion in Istanbul”. International Journal of Urban
and Regional Research. 29.1 (2005). 124-134• Saraçgil, Ayşe. “The Gecekondu and Turkish Modernity”. Environmental Design: Journal of the
Islamic Environmental Design Research Centre . 1-2 (1997-98-98). 104-107• Özler, Ş. İlgü. “Politics of the Gecekondu in Turkey: The political choices of urban squatters in
national elections”. Turkish Studies. 1. 2 (2009). 39-58• Leitmann, Josef ;Baharoglu, Deniz. “Reaching Turkey’s Spontaneous Settlements: The
Institutional Development of Infrastructure Provision”. International Planning Studies. 4.2 (1999). 195-212
• Green, Rebekah A. “Constructing Safety:Unauthorized Housing and EarthquakeVulnerability in Istanbul,Turkey”. Megacities: Resilience and Social Vulnerability. United Nations University:Institute for Environment and Human Security (number 10). (2008)