W650 Wind Generator Protection System

System Protection & Improved Operational Uptime

2 /GE Multilin

2005

Why W650?Protection to Provide Backup to Wind Turbine Controls & Excitation

Better Wind Farm Economics by Improving System Uptime & Time to Restoration• Address Lack of Wind Turbine & System Event

DiagnosticsDiagnostic in W650 can tell what happened, why, and when … to the mSec

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2005

What is the W650?

Part of an Overall Protection System … but can be used as a stand alone protective device

Overlay to Existing Wind Turbine & Farm Control by Providing Unit Protection, Wind Farm System Protection, Unit, & System Diagnostics

Substation Protection Controller

W650 1 in Wind Turbine

W650 2 in Wind Turbine

W650 n in Wind Turbine

Windfarm Substation Protection Controller sends Trip and Block Commands to and From W650’s

W650’s can also send trip and block commands to each other

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Some Definitions …

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2005

Definition of Larger Wind Farm System (Units > 1MW on a Coordinated Farm)

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Utility (e.g. 33kV)Tie Breaker

Step Up TransformerBus Breaker

Windfarm SubstationBus

Collector Feeder Breakers

Collector Bus

Transformer BreakerLine

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Definitions with Wind Turbine

WTG

GeneratorExcitation

Transformer

Wind Tower Breaker

Generator Output Voltage (e.g. - 575V or 3kV … depends on MW size of Generator)

Collector System Voltage (e.g. - 3kV or 13.8 … depends on MW size of Generator & Presence Transformer)

Wind Tower

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2005

Sources of Faults

Inside the Wind Turbine• Tower Cable• Transformer Faults• Wiring Inside the Electrical

Distribution Panel• Wind Turbine Generator• Excitation System Fault

On the Wind Farm• Collector Bus Cable Fault• Step Up Transformer• Substation Bus Structure

Fault• Feeder Fault Impact on

Stability

External to the Wind Farm• Voltage Stability• Reverse Power Flow

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2005

How Faults Manifest Themselves

Inside the Wind Turbine• IOC, TOC, Ground Fault

On the Wind Farm• Voltage/Current Unbalance

External to the Wind Farm

•IOC, TOC, Voltage Stability

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2005

Subjects for Discussion … Gaps Today

1. No backup Protection in Wind Turbines/Towers … Need for a System Wide Protective Application apart from Control

2. Lack of Coordinated Event Record & Oscillography make it Difficult to Determine What Happened & When, resulting in Prolonged Time to Return to Service

3. Lack of Overall Coordinated Wind Farm System Protection can result in Lack of Operational Selectivity and Reduced System Uptime

10 /GE Multilin

2005

What does the W650 do ?

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2005

W650 Wind Turbine Protection CapabilitiesW650 for Protection, Metering, and Coordination to Upstream Substation ProtectionCommunications to GE Wind Turbine Controller via CANopen protocol

•Available Protection –Under/overvoltage, Under/overfrequency, voltage unbalance, directional over-current, zero sequence overvoltage, aux voltage, and breaker failure

Configurable Display & LED’s

Keypad & ShuttleFront Port Upload & Download

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2005

W650 Hardware Construction

The W650 features advantage such as:• Modular hardware architecture:

Main CPU board with two plug and play comm boardsUniversal magnetic (CTs & VTs) moduleProgrammable I/O moduleSingle or redundant power supplyFront board: HMI ( Graphical or alphanumerical display, LEDs, RS232)

• Modern and open communication protocols for easy integration

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W650 Wind Turbine Protection (con’t)• Metering – current (+/- 0.5%),

voltage (+/- 1%), power(+/-1%), energy (1%), power factor (0.02)

• Event capture – up to 479 events time stamped to 1mSec

• Oscillography – Up to 20 oscillography files programmable from 4-64 samples/cycle, 1MB of data, analog and digital signals. Retrievable via front panel or system communications.

• Monitoring – 4x20 character display … optional graphic display …

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2005

W650 Wind Turbine Protection (con’t)

•Control – programmable unit control

•Communications – IEC61850 communications to peer W650’s and Substation Protection Relays

Substation Protection Controller

W650 1 in Wind Turbine

W650 2 in Wind Turbine

W650 n in Wind Turbine

IEC61850 Communications Protocol Uses Ethernet to Send Block and Trip Commands from WTG Relays to Substation Controller as well as via Peer to Peer

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W650 Wiring

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2005

How does the W650 Integrate into the Entire Wind Farm?

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2005

Examples of Wind Farm Protection Requirements

1. Open Collector Breakers Upon Fault in Cable to Host Utility

– All Wind Turbines, Selective, or Entire Collector2. Open Collector Breakers Upon Transformer Fault

– All Wind Turbines, Selective, or Entire Collector

3. Collector Bus Cable fault Requires Selective Trip Wind Turbine Breakers

4. Issues in a Specific Wind Turbine to Prompt Block Command to Other Wind Turbines

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Electrical Protection TopologyInterconnect

Protection

GSU Protection

Bus Protection

Feeder Protection

Feeder Protection

Feeder Protection

Feeder Protection

Turb. Prot.

Turb. Prot.

Turb. Prot.

Turb. Prot.

Turb. Prot.

Turb. Prot.

Turb. Prot.

Turb. Prot.

Turb. Prot.

Turb. Prot.

Turb. Prot.

Turb. Prot.

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Network TopologyInterconnect

Protection

GSU Protection

Bus Protection

Feeder Protection

Feeder Protection

Feeder Protection

Feeder Protection

Turb. Prot.

Turb. Prot.

Turb. Prot.

EnetSwitch

EnetSwitch

EnetSwitch

Ethernet Switch

Feeder 2 Feeder 3 Feeder 4

•Fault Tolerant Ring

•Support WTG outside a break in the ring

•Requires 2 Fiber Strands

•Worst case 1 micro Sec Delay by Switch

•Unmanaged Switch in WTG

•Managed Switch w/VLAN in Substation

Protection System Overlays Parallel Control System

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Alternate Network Topology (if 3rd Party Wind Farm Protection is Used)

Sub controller

Turb. Prot.

Turb. Prot.

Turb. Prot.

EnetSwitch

EnetSwitch

EnetSwitch

Ethernet Switch

Feeder 2 Feeder 3 Feeder 4

Other Supplier’s Protection

Hardwired IO

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2005

Transfer Trip Capabilities of W650

1. send a “block” or “transfer trip” from the protection offering in the Wind Farm substation protection (GE or other) to entire collector bus or individual wind turbine

2. “block” or “transfer trip” command from individual wind turbine to substation protection

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Transfer Trip Example

1. Transformer Protection detects Differential Fault and Initiates Transfer Trip Command

– Transformer Breaker Opens

2. Collector Bus W650’s Receive Transfer Trip Command and Issue Command to Trip Breaker

3. Collector Bus and WTG’s Isolated

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Economics

• Yellow Items Represent Customer Specific Variables

• Payback Calculated on Improved System Operations

• Equipment/Personnel Damage Avoidance Not Included

Wind Farm Energy Sell Price ($/kWH) 0.08$

Size of Individual WTG (MW) 1.5

Size in kW 1500

Downtime of 1 WTG (hours) 48

Lost Revenue of 1 WTG 5,760.00$

% Improvement of W650 Diagnostics 50%

$ to Operating Bottom Line for 1 occurance 2,880.00$

Number of Windturbines in Windfarm 16

Cost of W650 system 24,660.00$ Estimated # of WTG Outages/Year 24

Savings to W650 System 69,120.00$

Payback Period (years) 0.36

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2005

How do I get more information?

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2005

Support Resources Available from GE Multilin• Available On-line at www.gemultilin.com• Product Cut Sheet

• Product Presentation• Whitepaper on Transfer Trip Technologies and

Benefits• Guideform Specification to Assist Consultants and

EPC’s• Wiring/Installation Information

• Pricing and Ordering Information Available On-Line

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2005

Ordering Information

Greenfield Installations•Specify to Wind Turbine OEM & Wind Farm EPC•Request to Include with Wind Farm Substation and Wind Turbine’s•Field Integration Services Available

Retrofit Bill of Material•1 W650 per Wind Turbine•1 Ethernet Switch per Wind Turbine (GE Multilin model ML600)•1 Ethernet Switch in Wind Farm Substation (GE Multilin model ML2400)•Substation Protection Controller (GE Multilin C30)

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2005

Who to Contact for Questions

•GE Multilin – John Garrity, 518.877.8860, john.garrity@ge.com

•GE PSEC – tbd

•GE Wind - tbd