GCSE Physical Education The Principles of Training.
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Transcript of GCSE Physical Education The Principles of Training.
GCSE Physical GCSE Physical EducationEducation
The Principles of TrainingThe Principles of Training
Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
By the end of this lesson pupils should:
Understand why there are principles to training
Explain and define the principles of training
Have an appreciation for how these principles can benefit an athlete
TaskTask
What does ‘principles of training’ mean?
Does a Personal Exercise Programme (PEP) need to change depending on:
Who is training? Why they are training? What they are training? How they will be training?
What you should know What you should know (hopefully)(hopefully)
By now you should be starting to think about your PEP. There are certain things you should already know:
What a PAR-Q is and why we use them Health-related components of fitness Skill-related components of fitness How to measure these components of fitness
The Principles of TrainingThe Principles of Training
SpecificityProgressive-OverloadRecovery (rest)ReversibilityIndividual Needs
FrequencyIntensityTimeType
SpecificitySpecificity
Who would use this type of training?
Specificity
Means matching training to the requirements of the activity
Every sport (and positions) has its own specialist needs
It is important to be specific when talking about specificity!
Progressive OverloadProgressive Overload
This picture shows overload. What is progressive overload?
Progressive Overload
Overload is working above the level an athlete normally trains (in their target zone)
Means gradually increasing the amount of overload so as to gain fitness without risking
injury
Often mistaken for training too much or too hard. This is the only way athletes can improve
fitness!
Remember the 60%-80% rule (this is classed as overload training)
Rest/RecoveryRest/Recovery
What happens to the muscles being trained during rest?
Rest/Recovery
Rest is a period of time allocated to recovery Recovery is the time required to repair damage to the body
The human body reacts to hard training sessions by increasing the ability to
cope with that level of intensity. This is called adaptation
ReversibilityReversibility
Reversibility
Losing fitness instead of progressing
Happens when an athlete is ill or injured
Some people keep their fitness levels longer than others
If you stop training, reversibility also occurs
Individual Individual Needs/DifferencesNeeds/Differences
Individual Needs/Differences When planning a PEP, individual needs must be taken into account
A person with a very low level of fitness should not follow another
athlete’s PEP. Why?
Body composition, the sport, the position
and personal aims should be taken into account
The FITT PrincipleThe FITT PrincipleThe FITT Principle is used to guide you in planning an exercise programme to getthe most out of it as safely as possible.
The FITT Principle works with the principle of ‘progressive overload’. How?
FrequencyIntensityTimeType
Frequency
How does frequency differ in these 2 photographs?
Frequency
Means how often you train and used to monitor progressive overload
At least 3 times a week
Overlaps with rest/recovery
For example training every other day gives the body time to do what?
IntensityIntensity
How would an Olympic athlete’s intensity be different to your PEP?
Intensity
Means how hard an athlete trains and is used together with progressive overload
Intensity might vary depending on the aims and type of training
Planning the intensity of training is very important. Why?
Time
How can the time spent training be changed?
Time
Means how long each training session must last in order to be of any benefit and to achieve improvement
At least 20 minutes per session should be
spent in target zone
Which principles of training does ‘time’ work together with?
Type
What is this type of training trying to improve?
Type
Means the method(s) of training chosen to achieve an athlete’s particular goals
Overlaps with the principle of specificity
Training chosen according to what needs to be improved and what the goal is
Many people want to improve their overall fitness without a particular goal in mind
Learning Objectives Learning Objectives (Revisited)(Revisited)
By the end of this lesson pupils should:
Understand why there are principles to training
Explain and define the principles of training
Have an appreciation for how these principles can benefit an athlete
Thank youThank you
Any questions, please do not hesitate to ask