05/23/2017

Products Solutions Services

Experience with Ultrasonic meters for Biogas

Gastekniske Dage 2017 - Billund

Slide 1 fse

05/23/2017

What is Biogas ?

• Biogas typically refers to a gas produced by the biological breakdownof organic matter in the absence of oxygen.

• Biogas is produced by the anaerobic digestion or fermentation ofbiodegradable materials such as biomass, manure, sewage, municipalwaste, green waste, plant material, and crops.

• Biogas comprises primarily methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2)and may have small amounts of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) andmoisture.

Experience with Ultrasonic meters fro Biogas

Slide 2 fse

Component Concentration (Vol%)

Methane (CH4) 50 to 75

Carbon dioxide (CO2) 25 to 45

Water (H2O) 2 (20 °C) – 16 (55 °C)

Nitrogen (N2) <1

Oxygen (O2) <5000 ppm

Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) <5000 ppm

Hydrogen (H2) <5000 ppm

05/23/2017

Biogas market driversExperience with Ultrasonic meters fro Biogas

Slide 3 fse

• The Biogas market is being driven by two factors

• Waste handlingGreen house Gas reduction. Methane’s global warming potential is 21 times greater compared to CO2

• Increasing demand for EnergyMany governments have requirements regarding the percentage of energy that must be derived fromrenewable sources. Among the European countries there is a general strong political tendency towardssupporting renewable energy, especially after the Kyoto agreement.

20% of Europe’s energy should be from renewable sources in 2020 10% of the fuel used for transport must be biofuel based by 2020

05/23/2017

Experience with Ultrasonic meters fro Biogas

Biogas energy in the EU

fseSlide 4

05/23/2017

Experience with Ultrasonic meters fro Biogas

Typical measurement points on Biogas plants

fseSlide 6

05/23/2017

Experience with Ultrasonic meters fro Biogas

Prosonic Flow B200 – Product highlights

fseSlide 7

2 wire platformEasy integration, as per any other loop powered device;4–20 mA HART protocol. Reducing complexity andstandardizing integration.

Designed for wet biogas measurement.Innovative industry optimized flowmeter for biogas.Measurement accuracy and reliability unaffected bychanging gas composition, moisture content of the gas, andcan measure under low flow and low pressure conditions.

Integrated methane measurement.Enables process optimization via the integral in-linemeasurement of biogas methane content.

.

05/23/2017

Experience with Ultrasonic meters fro Biogas

Prosonic Flow B200 – Methane measurement

fseSlide 8

• To calculate the methane content of biogas the B 200measures the time taken for the ultrasonic pulse to travelthrough the gas.

• As the path length is know the speed of sound in the gas canbe accurately determined. As the speed of sound in a gas isdependent on the gas composition the B 200 can use thesound speed to calculate the methane content of the biogas.

05/23/2017

Experience with Ultrasonic meters fro Biogas

Prosonic Flow B200 – Methane measurement

fseSlide 9

• Because the speed of sound in gas is a function of the square root oftemperature, the B 200 uses an integrated PT1000 to measure thebiogas temperature; this measurement is then used to compensatethe effect of temperature on sound speed.

• As biogas is typical saturated with moisture the temperaturemeasurement is also used to calculate the moisture content of thegas.

• This is then used to compensate of the water content effect on soundspeed.

05/23/2017

Experience with Ultrasonic meters fro Biogas

Prosonic Flow B200 – Methane measurement

fseSlide 10

Temperature Methane Carbondioxide

Speed ofsound

°C CH4 CO2 m/s

40 0.0% 100.0% 274.7

40 10.0% 90.0% 284.1

40 20.0% 80.0% 294.5

40 30.0% 70.0% 306.0

40 40.0% 60.0% 319.0

40 50.0% 50.0% 333.8

40 60.0% 40.0% 350.8

40 70.0% 30.0% 370.7

40 80.0% 20.0% 394.2

40 90.0% 10.0% 422.8

40 100.0% 0.0% 458.5

The speed of sound in biogas(60% CH4 40% CO2) at 40 °C is350.8 m/s

05/23/2017

Experience with Ultrasonic meters fro Biogas

Prosonic Flow B200 – Methane measurement

fseSlide 11

• Pressure however has very little effect on the sound speed.

υg = γ Pρ

υg = Sound speed, γ = heat capacity ratio, P = operating pressure, ρ = density

• Even though the effect of pressure on the methane calculation accuracy islimited, it can be compensated either by using the dynamic pressurecompensation via current input(recommended) or by manually entering a staticline pressure.

• If static pressure compensation is used it should be noted that any deviation inthe actual operating pressure will result in a slight error in the methanecalculation.

05/23/2017

Experience with Ultrasonic meters fro Biogas

Prosonic Flow B200 – Methane measurement

fseSlide 13

• This direct measurement of the methane content of the biogas is unique and enablesthe monitoring of gas flow and gas quality around the clock.

• This can for example allow the operator of a biogas plant to detect disturbances in thefermentation process to respond quickly and effectively.

05/23/2017

Experience with Ultrasonic meters fro Biogas

Prosonic Flow B200 – Dynamic Pressure Compensation

fseSlide 14

Prosonic Flow B200 offers multivariable solutionwith current inputallows compensated standard volume flow reading on the device

05/23/2017

Experience with Ultrasonic meters fro Biogas

Prosonic Flow B200 – HART 7

fseSlide 15

• Categorization of device status according to Namur NE107• Simple and uniform diagnostic information for operators

Device failure

Out of Specification

Maintenance required

Check function

05/23/2017

Experience with Ultrasonic meters fro Biogas

Prosonic Flow B200 – Heartbeat Technology

fseSlide 16

• Highest functional reliability = Safety

• Greatly reduced maintenance = Quality

• Flexible instrument access = Availability

Heartbeat Technology

Compliantself-monitoring and testing

without service interrupt

05/23/2017

Experience with Ultrasonic meters fro Biogas

Prosonic Flow B200 – What Heartbeat Technology can do…

fseSlide 17

Heartbeat DiagnosticsContinuous self-monitoring, NE 107

status information

Heartbeat VerificationEffortless testing on demand,

without service interrupt

Heartbeat MonitoringDevice and process supervision for

preventive maintenance

PDF

05/23/2017

Experience with Ultrasonic meters fro Biogas

Prosonic Flow B200 –Scope of tests

fseSlide 18

Heartbeat Technologyfor Prosonic B200

Sensor integrity Main Electronics System Status I/O module

• Sensorconnection

• Transducerresonance

• Signal quality

• Synchronous runof dual frequencyreference (detectsdrift)

• Transmittercircuit check

• Amplifiercircuit check

• Measuringcircuit check

• Coverage ofentire signalprocessingchain

• Currentoutput loop-back test

05/23/2017

Experience with Ultrasonic meters fro Biogas

Prosonic Flow B200 –Flowmeter summary

fseSlide 19

Diameters DN 50 to DN 200

Size 2" to 8"

Pressure rating PN 10

Process connections Lap joint flange acc. EN1092-1, Lap joint flange acc. ANSI B16.5

Process temp. 0 to +80 °C (32 to 176 °F)

Environment temp. –40 °C to +60 °C (–40 to 140 °F)

Measuring tube 1.4404/316L

Protection class Compact: IP 66/67 (NEMA 4X)

Number of ultrasonic paths DN 50, DN 80 – 1 path system

DN 100, DN 150, DN 200 - 2 path system

Mechanical approvals PED

Hazardous areaapprovals

ATEX, IECEx,

Ex ia IIC T6-T1 Gb, Ex d[ia] IIC T6-T1cCSAus

Class I Div. 1 Groups ABCD, Class I Div. 2 Groups ABCD

Volume accuracy ± 1.5% o.r. (3 to 30 m/s)

Volume repeatability ± 0.5% o.r.

Methane accuracy ± 2% abs.

Methane repeatability ± 0.5% o.r.

Temperature accuracy 0.6 °C 0.005 · T °C

Temperature repeatability 0.3 °C 0.0025 · T °C

05/23/2017

Products Solutions Services

Questions?

Slide 20 fse

05/23/2017

Products Solutions Services

Thank you very much for your attention

Slide 21 fse