Gasification as pretreatment of solid fuel for combustion ... · Gasification as pretreatment of...
Transcript of Gasification as pretreatment of solid fuel for combustion ... · Gasification as pretreatment of...
© Metso November 2, 2010February 8, 20101
Gasification aspretreatment of solid
fuel for combustion inPC and gas fired boilers
© Metso
Metso is a global supplier of sustainabletechnology and services
• Our customers operate mainlyin the following industries:
- Mining
- Construction
- Power generation
- Oil and gas
- Recycling
- Pulp and paper
• About 27,000 employeesin over 50 countries
• 2009 net sales 5.0 billion euros
• Shares listed on NASDAQ OMXHelsinki Ltd.
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Global network organized bycustomer industry-specific business lines
Mining andConstructionTechnology
Energy andEnvironmentalTechnology
Paper and FiberTechnology
CEO andGroup HeadOffice
CUSTOMERS
Fiber business line
Power business line
Automation businessline
Paper business line
Tissue business lineRecycling businessline
Equipment andSystems business line
Services businessline
Metso Network
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Fabrics business line
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Energy and Environmental Technology
Products and services
• Boiler plants, biomass power plants and environmentalprotection equipment
• Energy and process industry automation and informationmanagement application networks and systems
• Production process measurement systems andanalyzers
• Control valves and smart shut-off valves• Metal and solid-waste recycling equipment• Knowledge-based services
Customers
• Power generation industry, oil and gas industry, pulp andpaper industry, and recycling industry 35%
Services as a % of netsales
Net sales in 2009EUR 1,523 million
By customer industry
43% Power generation
26% Oil and gas
13% Recycling
18% Pulp and paper
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History of Gasification in Metso Power
TAMPELLA POWER
ENVIROPOWER
Founded by Tampella Power and Vattenfall 1992• Upkeep Gasification know-how• Now owned by Metso Power
GÖTAVERKENTampere pilot plant•15 MWth pressurized FB gasifier• Biomass and coal gasification development• Hot gas cleaning development
METSO POWER
CFB GASIFIER
Atmospheric CFB gasification development• Värö lime kiln gasifier 1987
NEW DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY• Initiated 2002• Biomass gasification for limekilns• Biomass gasification for power production• Waste gasification• Fuel drying• Gas cleaning
METSO CFB /BFBBoiler experience• Fuel handling• Ash handling•Refractory experience
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Biomass gasifier for a lime kiln – someexperiences
• A lime kiln can easily be switchedover to use gasified biomass
• The size is usually large enough tomake this solution economicallyviable
• Fuel is normally available in a mill
• During the second oil crisis in the1980s, several gasifiers were builtto replace oil with biomass
• At Värö, Södra Cell, Sweden, aMetso (Götaverken) gasifier hasbeen used since 1987
=> Over 20 years of industrialexperience
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Clean biomass co-firing in a PC boiler
Several potential bio cases-Clean biomass as fuel=>no gas cleaning
-Easy boiler modification- Short downtime- Bio ash not contaminated- 50 -200 MW size
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Co-firing of waste for a PC boiler
Case- Pulverized coal or peat firing- Reheat boiler or OTU boilers also possible- Min load with gas only- Full load gas +coal/peat-The share of fuel input to gasifier can befreely selected
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Gasification for production of SNG
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Process picture from GoBiGas
Gasification
Methanation
Gasifier Combustor
Tar removalSulphurremoval
Fuel handling
CO2-removal
DryerSteam
DryingUpgradingBiomethan
e
Shift
Air
Steam
Flue gas
Woodpellets
Bedmateria
l
Tar removal
Forestresidue
s
Methanation
Bag filterDe-NOx
Tar
Sulphur rich gas
Airpreheate
r
Hotwater
Hotwater
CO2 to inert
gas sys tem/
atm
Tar
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Co-firing is an efficient way to use biomass
Assume there is 100 MW bio fuel available at the district .
100 MW, fuelSmall boilerefficiency 25 %
25 MWgreen electricity
100 MW, fuelLarge boilerefficiency 40 %
40 MWgreen electricity+160 MWcoal electricity400 MW coal
The final outcome is 60 % moregreen electricity !
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KUVO belt dryer for biomass
WET BIOMASS IN
EXHAUST AIREVAPORATED WATER
FRESH AIR INHOT WATER OR STEAM
DRY BIOMASS OUT
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Fuel systems for waste FeedingMaster
Metering fuel feeder
Rotary vane feeder
Fuel chute
Internal fuel feed assembly
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Cleaning gas from waste
Process concept:
• Gasify waste at 850-900 C
• Cool it down to about 400 C- all corrosive components, alkalichlorides, Pb, Zn will be in solid form
• Filter all dust out so the resulting gas is clean
• Burn clean gas in gas fired boiler
1. Fuel handling2. Gasifier3. Gas cooling4. Gas filter5. Gas fired boiler
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Temperat ure [C]
log
p
AC/GAS/NaCl -
AC/GAS/KCl -
AC/GAS/Zn Cl2 -
AC/GAS/Pb Cl2 -
Satur ate d stea m- Na2SO4( g)
Satur ate d stea m- K2 SO 4(g )
Satur ate d stea m- ZnCl2 (g)
Satur ate d stea m- Pb Cl2(g)
Satur ate d stea m- KCl( g)
Satur ate d stea m- NaCl(g)
AC/GAS/Na2SO4
AC/GAS/K2 SO 4
AC/GAS/Pb O
AC/GAS/Zn O
Th
isp
art
go
es
toso
lid
an
dw
ill
be
cap
ture
db
yth
efi
lter
!
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All water walls cooled with boiler feed water•Avoid risk of corrosion in cooler
•T materials low enough• Condensate corrosive components on particles
• T gas low enough before filter•Avoid tar condensation in cooler
• T material is high enough•Still reasonable size cooler to reach right gastemperature
Key components - Cooler
Operational windowto clean out corrosivecompounds
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High temperature fabric filter• Industrial scale tests in Värö /Sweden
• Filter can tolerate temperatures up to 600 C•Tar condensation can be avoided above 250 C• Filter can be recovered if needed
Key components - Filter
Operational windowfor filter
© Metso
Lahti Energia – KYVO 2 :Industrial scale, 2x80 MW,solid waste gasification technology demonstration
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1. Fuel handling2. Gasifier3. Gas cooling4. Gas filter5. Gas boiler and
flue gas cleaning
Total Investment157 M€
Start up April 2012(commercial operation)
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Old PCboiler
Waste fuel handling
Gas cooler
Gasifier
Gas boilerand APC
Computer simulated aerial view of the plant
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TRUE COMMERCIAL TECHNOLOGY
COMMERCIALLY READY
FULL SCALE DEMO
PILOT SCALE
LAB SCALE
Gasification - Life Cycle Position
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