Gas Turbine
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Transcript of Gas Turbine
Gas TurbineDemonstration
Heat Engines & Boilers
Contents
• History
• Ancient gas turbines
• Up to date gas turbines for aviation
• Up to date industrial gas turbines
Development of gas turbines• 1791 - John Barber received the first patent for a basic turbine engine.
His design was planned to use as a method of propelling the 'horseless carriage.' The turbine was designed with a chain-driven, reciprocating type of compressor. It has a compressor, a combustion chamber, and a turbine.
• 1872 - Dr. F. Stolze designed the first true gas turbine engine. His engine used a multistage turbine section and a flow compressor. This engine never ran under its own power.
• 1903 - Aegidius Elling of Norway built the first successful gas turbine using both rotary compressors and turbines - the first gas turbine with excess power.
• 1904 Unsuccessful gas turbine project by Franz Stolze in Berlin (first axial compressor)
• 1906 GT by Armengaud Lemale in France (centrifugal compressor, no useful power)
• 1910 First GT featuring intermittent combustion (Holzwarth, 150 kW, constant volume combustion)
• 1914 - Charles Curtis filed the first application for a gas turbine engine.
Further development of gas turbines• 1918 - General Electric company started a gas turbine division.
Dr. Stanford A. Moss developed the GE turbosupercharger engine during W.W.I. It used hot exhaust gases from a reciprocating engine to drive a turbine wheel that in turn drove a centrifugal compressor used for supercharging.
• 1920 - Dr. A. A. Griffith developed a theory of turbine design based on gas flow past airfoils rather than through passages.
• 1923 First exhaust-gas turbocharger to increase the power of diesel engines
• 1930 - Sir Frank Whittle in England patented a design for a gas turbine for jet propulsion. The first successful use of this engine was in April, 1937. His early work on the theory of gas propulsion was based on the contributions of most of the earlier pioneers of this field.
• 1936 - At the same time as Frank Whittle was working in Great Britain, Hans von Ohian and Max Hahn, students in Germany developed and patented their own engine design.
• 1939 (August) - The aircraft company Ernst Heinkel Aircraft flew the first flight of a gas turbine jet, the HE178.
Further development of gas turbines• 1938 György Jedrassik (Hungary) designed and build a pilot a gas
turbine with 73 kW, 21.2% efficiency. • 1939 World’s first gas turbine for power generation
(Brown Boveri Company), Neuchâtel, Switzerland • 1941 - Sir Frank Whittle designed the first successful turbojet
airplane, the Gloster Meteor, flown over Great Britain. Whittle improved his jet engine during the war, and in 1942 he shipped an engine prototype to General Electric in the United States. America's first jet plane was built the following year.
• 1942 - Dr. Franz Anslem developed the axial-flow turbojet, Junkers Jumo 004, used in the Messerschmitt Me 262, the world's first operational jet fighter.
• After W.W.II, the development of jet engines was directed by a number of commercial companies. Jet engines soon became the most popular method of powering airplanes.
• Developments happens for the first time for military applications• Then it is followed by commercial flight and then industrial
applications
Drawing of first gas turbine
[from Eddie Taylor’s paper collection]
Turboprop engine of György Jendrassik
The world’s first aircraft to fly purely on turbojet power, the Heinkel He 178. Its first true flight was on 27 August, 1939.
Axial-flow turbojet, Junkers Jumo 004, used in the
Messerschmitt Me 262, the world's first operational jet fighter.
Gas turbine of Whittle (1941)
Subsonic fighter aircraft engine
Subsonic fighter aircrafts MIG 15 F86Sabre
Development of engine pressure ratio over years
Development of firing temperature over years
Single shaft gas turbine
Dual Shaft Gas Turbine
Dual Shaft Aero-derivative Gas Turbine
Three-shaft gas turbine principal
Three-shaft gas turbine
Three-shaft industrial gas-turbine
Three-shaft industrial gas-turbine
Aero turbo-fan engine principal
Three-shaft aero engine
Turbofan engine built up
Rolls-Royce Trent
Real turbo-fan engine
Real turbo-fan engine
Combustion chamber cross section
Supersonic fighter aircraft engine
Supersonic fighter aircraft engine
Aircraft engine with trust reverse
Afterburner
Up to date industrial gas-turbine cross section
Up to date industrial gas-turbine cross section
Industrial gas turbine
Installed industrial gas turbine
Gas turbine with silo type combustors
Recuperative industrial gas turbine
Turbine stages of an industrial gas turbine
Turbine stages of an industrial gas turbine during maintenance
Combustion chamber elements of an industrial gas turbine
Combined gas and oil burnerof an industrial gas turbine
Transition pieces in between combustion chamber an turbine
Stator blades of the turbineof an industrial gas turbine
Sealing solutions of turbine blades
Operational flow chart of Capstone C330
Cross section of Capstone C330
Summary
You are already familiar with
• History
• Ancient gas turbines
• Up to date gas turbines for aviation
• Up to date industrial gas turbines
Thank You for Your Attention !