Garrett HeadonCanary Grass Scutch ... Effective cultural control of grass weeds But, ploughing has...
Transcript of Garrett HeadonCanary Grass Scutch ... Effective cultural control of grass weeds But, ploughing has...
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Garrett Headon
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•BSc (Hons) Agriculture with Mechanisation•Arable growers and agricultural contractors
- Winter and spring cereals- Break crops- Silage harvesting- Experimenting with catch and cover crops
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Grass Weeds
Wild oats; most prevalent
Annual Meadow Grass
Sterile Brome
Canary Grass
Scutch
Blackgrass
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Grass Weed Control
Five methods:
- Preventative
- Cultural
- Mechanical
- Biological
- Chemical
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Different establishment systems
Plough-based (inversion)
Min-till / reduced-till (non-inversion)
Strip-till
Direct drilling, autocast and ultra low disturbance systems
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Ploughing
Single and double stale seedbeds, then plough
Effective cultural control of grass weeds
But, ploughing has its own disadvantages
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Min-till
Stale seed beds with chemical control
Offers management and environmental benefits, but at acost...
Increased reliance on chemical control
Risks and logistics of pre-emergence spraying
Risks associated with sulfonylureas
More suited to spring cropping?
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Strip-till Straw harrow, glyphosate, sow, post-emergence spray
Convenient for sowing OSR
Paradox re: drilling date
But sterile brome is a threat
Increased reliance on chemical control
Pre-emergence sprays - variable seeding depth/coverage
Increased reliance on expensive sulfonylureas
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Current thinking - Compromise? Incorporating different philosophies
Importing manures to help build OM and soil biologicalactivity
At least maintain or increase OM
Rotations (complicated by three crop rule)
Recognition of benefits of cover and spring cropping
Optimise chemical control
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The future
Ploughing, as part of an appropriate cultivation regimeand rotation, in conjunction with stale seedbeds, catch orcover cropping, with consequent spring drilling, shouldprovide efficient cultural weed control which, augmentedby judicious use of appropriate chemicals, should providesustainable weed control into the future
Potential for new crops with different harvesting dates; AD
New markets for spring crops
New chemistry and technology
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•Integrated seed drill & inter row hoe
•In crop cultural weed control
•Utilises RTK guidance with on-machine precision guidance(think Laser Pilot) to provide cultural in crop weed control
•Potential – virtually eliminate chemical weed control whilstoffering potential to companion crop and place fertiliser
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•Absolutism does not work – compromise where necessary
•Rotations must produce marketable crops
•Rotation must consider short-term finances as well as long-term goals
•Spring cropping – potential for cultural weed control but...
...must respect available markets and gross margins
•Legislation can be restrictive
•Every farm and situation is unique
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Thank youAny questions?