Gamelan
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Transcript of Gamelan
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Gamelan
Chapter Twelve
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Map of Indonesia
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Gamelan (Indonesian Musical Ensemble)
Most Common Ensembles Instruments made of Bronze Instruments made of Bamboo
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Basic structural groups of the Gamelan instruments--
•Wilah--bars and plates
•Pencon--gong-like instruments
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Wilah (bars and plates)
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Wilah
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Pencon (Knobbed, mostly gongs)
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Pencon
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Pencon
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Wilah Gender ––– Bronze metallophone with 10
or more metal bars resting on bamboo resonators , one for each bar--played with disc-shaped wooden mallets.
large––– gender gede small––– gender barangan
Saron--- Bronze metallophone with 5-7
metal bars resting over a carved out wooden trough which serves as a pedestal and resonator--played with wooden mallets.
Calung--5 metal bars
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Saron
Gender
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Gong Ageng--largest and deepest suspended gong--starts and ends the complete metric cycle.
Kempyang--A very small gong laid over laced cord strung across the opening of a small box, played with a cord-wrapped stick. The kempyang alternates with the ketuk to further subdivide the cycle
Ketuk---A small gong laid over cord strung across the opening of a small box, played with a cord-wrapped stick. The ketuk divides the kenong period of the cycle.
Pencon
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Kempyang and Ketuk
Gong Ageng and other suspended gongs (kempuls)
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Other Instruments
FlutesCeng-ceng
(Cymbals)
Rebab
Kendang
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Musical CharacteristicsScales Slendro--five note scale, dividing the octave into five nearly
equal parts
Pelog--seven tone scale, although only five of the seven pitches are typically used at one time. ---five and seven note octave causes “shimmering” sound
Texture Monophonic texture--rarely Heterophonic texture--more than one version of the melody
is played at same time--used often
Polyphonic texture (kotekan)
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Gamelan Music Accompanies:
Religious Functions Ritual Gatherings Temple Festivals Dance Dramas Social Dancing Shadow Puppet Theater (Wayang
Kulit)
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Wayang Kulit
“Shadow Puppet Theater” Dalang (Puppetmaster/Priest) Based on religious subjects
Parables Myths
Or current topics of the day Social Political
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The ancient Indonesian art of shadow play or "Wayang Kulit" is a unique combination of ritual, lesson, and entertainment. Lacy shadow images are projected on a taught linen screen with a coconut oil lamp or electric light. The Dalang, or shadow artist, manipulates carved leather figures between the lamp and the screen to bring the shadows to life.
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Most shadow play is based on two epic stories from India. The Mahabarata and it's sister work, the Ramayana.