Gamelan
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Transcript of Gamelan
Gamelan
Chapter Twelve
Map of Indonesia
Gamelan (Indonesian Musical Ensemble)
Most Common Ensembles Instruments made of Bronze Instruments made of Bamboo
Basic structural groups of the Gamelan instruments--
•Wilah--bars and plates
•Pencon--gong-like instruments
Wilah (bars and plates)
Wilah
Pencon (Knobbed, mostly gongs)
Pencon
Pencon
Wilah Gender ––– Bronze metallophone with 10
or more metal bars resting on bamboo resonators , one for each bar--played with disc-shaped wooden mallets.
large––– gender gede small––– gender barangan
Saron--- Bronze metallophone with 5-7
metal bars resting over a carved out wooden trough which serves as a pedestal and resonator--played with wooden mallets.
Calung--5 metal bars
Saron
Gender
Gong Ageng--largest and deepest suspended gong--starts and ends the complete metric cycle.
Kempyang--A very small gong laid over laced cord strung across the opening of a small box, played with a cord-wrapped stick. The kempyang alternates with the ketuk to further subdivide the cycle
Ketuk---A small gong laid over cord strung across the opening of a small box, played with a cord-wrapped stick. The ketuk divides the kenong period of the cycle.
Pencon
Kempyang and Ketuk
Gong Ageng and other suspended gongs (kempuls)
Other Instruments
FlutesCeng-ceng
(Cymbals)
Rebab
Kendang
Musical CharacteristicsScales Slendro--five note scale, dividing the octave into five nearly
equal parts
Pelog--seven tone scale, although only five of the seven pitches are typically used at one time. ---five and seven note octave causes “shimmering” sound
Texture Monophonic texture--rarely Heterophonic texture--more than one version of the melody
is played at same time--used often
Polyphonic texture (kotekan)
Gamelan Music Accompanies:
Religious Functions Ritual Gatherings Temple Festivals Dance Dramas Social Dancing Shadow Puppet Theater (Wayang
Kulit)
Wayang Kulit
“Shadow Puppet Theater” Dalang (Puppetmaster/Priest) Based on religious subjects
Parables Myths
Or current topics of the day Social Political
The ancient Indonesian art of shadow play or "Wayang Kulit" is a unique combination of ritual, lesson, and entertainment. Lacy shadow images are projected on a taught linen screen with a coconut oil lamp or electric light. The Dalang, or shadow artist, manipulates carved leather figures between the lamp and the screen to bring the shadows to life.
Most shadow play is based on two epic stories from India. The Mahabarata and it's sister work, the Ramayana.